U.S. travel and tourism satellite accounts for 2004-2007.

Mattingly, Sarah R. ; Griffith, Eric S.

THE TRAVEL and tourism industry--as measured by the real output of goods and services sold directly to visitors--grew for the sixth consecutive year in 2007, according to the most recent statistics from the travel and tourism satellite accounts of the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). These revised estimates show increases in real direct output of 1.9 percent in 2007, 3.1 percent in 2006, and 2.9 percent in 2005. (1) The slowdown in 2007 is larger than previously reported and reflects an upward revision of 0.6 percentage point to growth in 2006. Employment in the tourism industry accelerated, increasing 1.7 percent in 2007 after increasing 0.6 percent in 2006 and 1.0 percent in 2005.

Other highlights from the travel and tourism satellite accounts include the following:

* Inbound tourism grew 15.8 percent in 2007, and outbound tourism grew 4.8 percent. As a result, net exports of travel and tourism nearly tripled to $18.4 billion in 2007 from $6.7 billion in 2006.

* Current-dollar total tourism-related output increased 5.8 percent to $1.32 trillion in 2007 from $1.25 trillion in 2006.

* Prices for tourism goods and services increased for the fifth consecutive year in 2007, increasing 3.6 percent after increasing 4.2 percent in 2006.

* Real output slowed or turned down in 14 of 24 commodities in 2007, including traveler accommodations, international passenger air transportation, and gambling.

The travel and tourism estimates of output and employment for 2004-2007 have been revised. This revision incorporates detailed statistics from the most recent U.S. annual input-output (I-O) tables, which include data up to 2006, and summary statistics from the national income and product accounts (NIPAs), which include data up to 2007. See the box "Data Availability."

The remainder of this article includes a discussion of trends in travel and tourism output and prices, the composition of tourism demand, and tourism value added and employment, followed by the core travel and tourism account tables.

Trends in Travel and Tourism Output and Prices

Real output. Real direct tourism output--the value of the tourism sector's goods and services sold directly to visitors--increased 1.9 percent in 2007, compared with 3.1 percent in 2006. The growth in 2007 was the weakest since 2002. The slowdown in 2007 was widespread. Growth decelerated or turned down in many components, including real sales of traveler accommodations (1.2 percent in 2007, compared with 3.8 percent in 2006), gasoline (-1.3 percent, compared with 3.3 percent), food and beverage services (1.7 percent, compared with 3.2 percent), and international passenger air transportation (2.7 percent, compared with 8.2 percent). Partially offsetting this sluggishness, growth in domestic passenger air transportation turned up (2.5 percent in 2007, compared with -0.4 percent in 2006), and growth in automotive rental and leasing accelerated (7.5 percent, compared with 0.3 percent) (table A). Transportation contributed most to the 1.9 percent growth in real tourism output, accounting for 43 percent (0.84 percentage point) of the overall increase in 2007 (tables B and C). Recreation, entertainment, and shopping accounted for 33 percent of total growth. Food and beverage services, which contributed significantly to growth in previous years, accounted for only 13 percent of the total increase in 2007 (chart 1).

Prices. Tourism goods and services prices also slowed, increasing 3.6 percent in 2007, compared with 4.2 percent in 2006. The slowdown in price growth was widespread. The key drivers were a slowdown in domestic passenger air transportation growth (0.3 percent in 2007, compared with 5.7 percent in 2006), a downturn in automotive rental and leasing growth, (-0.2 percent, compared with 5.9 percent), and a slowdown in gasoline growth (8.7 percent, compared with 12.9 percent). These slowdowns were partially offset by accelerating prices for traveler accommodations (4.8 percent in 2007, compared with 2.6 percent in 2006) and food and beverage services (3.7 percent, compared with 3.1 percent) (table D).

Despite the deceleration, total travel and tourism prices increased for the fifth consecutive year in 2007. Traveler accommodations contributed 0.89 percentage point to total price growth in 2007 and accounted for 25 percent of the growth, while transportation contributed 1.32 percentage points and accounted for 37 percent of total price growth (chart 2 and table E). Transportation, which includes passenger air travel and gasoline, remained volatile. Domestic air travel prices remained below their 2000 level, but international air travel prices were 39.2 percent higher than in 2000. Gasoline prices accounted for 21.6 percent of overall 2007 price growth and were 85.5 percent above their 2000 level (table F).

Total output. Total tourism-related output increased to $1.32 trillion in 2007, up 5.8 percent from $1.25 trillion in 2006. Total output consisted of $746.5 billion in direct tourism output and $572.7 billion in indirect tourism output (chart 3). The 1.77 ratio of total output to direct output in 2007 means that every dollar of direct tourism output required an additional 77 cents of indirect tourism output.

Direct tourism output includes goods and services sold directly to visitors, such as passenger air travel. Indirect tourism output includes sales of all goods and services used to produce that direct output, such as jet fuel to fly the plane.

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The Composition of Tourism Demand

The travel and tourism accounts include estimates of the composition of tourism demand by type of visitor. The accounts distinguish expenditures of U.S. residents traveling abroad from those of U.S. residents and nonresidents traveling within the United States for leisure, business, or government purposes. The balance of tourism trade can be derived by subtracting expenditures on foreign travel by U.S. residents (an import of goods and services to outbound travelers) from expenditures on U.S. travel by nonresidents (an export of goods and services to inbound travelers).

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International travel and tourism. International travel (the sum of inbound travel and outbound travel) grew 10.5 percent in 2007 and 4.8 percent in 2006. In 2007, inbound tourism--travel-related expenditures and international transportation purchases from U.S. providers by nonresidents traveling in the United States--grew 15.8 percent to $119.6 billion (chart 4). Outbound tourism--travel-related expenditures and international transportation purchases from foreign providers by U.S. residents traveling abroad--grew 4.8 percent to $101.2 billion. As a result, net exports of travel and tourism increased sharply to $18.4 billion in 2007 from $6.7 billion in 2006 (table G).

Inbound travel has been strong, increasing an annual average of 11.9 percent since 2003. Over that same time period, outbound travel increased an average of 7.6 percent. Accordingly, net exports grew an average of 133 percent each year from $0.9 billion in 2003 to $18.4 billion in 2007. The most recent spike in net exports of travel and tourism coincided with the dollar's relative drop against major currencies that made travel to the United States by nonresidents less expensive. Furthermore, the appreciation of the euro and the pound over 2007, coupled with rising prices abroad, discouraged significant growth in outbound travel. (2)

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Internal tourism includes travel and tourism within the borders of the United States--the sum of domestic tourism and inbound tourism. (3) Inbound tourism's share of internal tourism peaked in 2000, accounting for 15.3 percent of the total (table H and chart 5). After declining to 11.7 percent in 2003, inbound tourism's share has rebounded slightly, accounting for 12.7 percent of internal tourism in 2005 and 12.4 percent in 2006.

National tourism consists of travel and tourism by U.S. residents, both within the United States and abroad--the sum of domestic tourism and outbound tourism. The calculation of outbound tourism is modified here to include all expenditures on international transportation, whether purchased from foreign providers or from U.S. providers. Outbound tourism's share of national tourism remained steady at 17.5 percent in 2007 (table I and chart 6). This share peaked in 2000 at 18.2 percent of national tourism.

Domestic travel and tourism. Domestic tourism includes travel and tourism by U.S. residents within the borders of the United States. Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands are outside of this defined boundary and are classified as "international travel." The travel and tourism accounts break out all expenditures on domestic travel and tourism by type of visitor: resident households, business, and government (table 3). Business travel's share of domestic travel and tourism has increased for the fourth straight year to reach 32.1 percent in 2006 (table J and chart 7). Government travel accounted for 5.0 percent of domestic travel in 2006 after declining each year since its peak of 5.7 percent in 2002.

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Tourism Value Added and Employment

Value added and employment are two measures that facilitate analysis of travel and tourism by industry rather than by commodity.

Value added. A sector's value added measures its contribution to gross domestic product (GDP). In 2006 (the most recent year for which data are available), tourism's share of GDP was 2.7 percent (table K). Despite the downtrend in tourism's share of GDP, tourism continues to account for a larger share of GDP than industries such as utilities, computer and electronic products manufacturing, and broadcasting and telecommunications.

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Direct employment. Direct tourism employment includes jobs that involve producing goods and services that are sold directly to visitors. Airline pilots, hotel clerks, and travel agents are examples of such employees. Overall, direct employment increased 1.7 percent in 2007 (table L and chart 8). Food services and drinking places accounted for 41 percent of the total growth in direct employment, and traveler accommodations accounted for 21 percent of the total growth. Air transportation services added employees for the first time since 2000 (table M). The revisions to the previously published estimates for 2004-2006 are shown in table N.

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Total employment. Total tourism-related employment (the sum of direct and indirect jobs) grew to 8.6 million jobs in 2007, the fourth consecutive year of growth. The 8.6 million jobs consisted of 5.9 million direct tourism jobs and 2.7 million indirect tourism jobs (chart 9). Direct tourism employment includes jobs that produce direct tourism output, such as airline pilots; indirect tourism employment consists of jobs that produce indirect tourism output, such as refinery workers who produce jet fuel. The most recent data indicate that every direct tourism job generates an additional 46 percent of a job in indirect tourism employment (see table 7 at the end of this article).

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(1.) All measures of tourism activity not identified as being in "real" terms are current-dollar estimates.

(2.) See Christopher L. Bach, "U.S. International Transactions," SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS 88 (April 2008): 22-47.

(3.) As a component of internal tourism, the calculation of inbound tourism is modified to exclude all expenditures on international transportation, whether purchased from foreign or U.S. providers. This makes possible an equally defined comparison between expenditures by U.S. residents traveling within the U.S. (domestic tourism), and expenditures by nonresidents traveling within the U.S. (inbound tourism).

Key Terms

The following key terms are used to describe the travel and tourism satellite accounts.

Domestic tourism. Travel-related expenditures by U.S. residents traveling within the United States. It comprises travel by resident households, business travel, and travel by government employees.

Inbound tourism. Travel-related expenditures by nonresidents traveling within the United States and expenditures by nonresidents on international transportation purchased from U.S. providers. These expenditures exclude expenditures for travel to study in the United States and for medical reasons. (1)

Internal tourism. The sum of domestic tourism expenditures and inbound tourism expenditures (net of all international transportation expenditures).

National tourism. The sum of domestic tourism demand and outbound tourism demand (including all international transportation expenditures).

Outbound tourism. Travel-related expenditures by U.S. residents traveling abroad and expenditures by U.S. residents on international transportation purchased from foreign providers.

Tourism commodities. Goods and services that are typically purchased by visitors, such as airline passenger transportation, hotel accommodations, and meals. (2)

Tourism employment. Total tourism-related employment consists of direct tourism employment plus indirect tourism employment. Direct tourism employment comprises all jobs where the workers are engaged in the production of direct tourism output (for example, hotel staff and airline pilots), and indirect tourism employment comprises all jobs where the workers are engaged in the production of indirect tourism output (for example, workers producing hotel toiletries and delivering fuel to airlines).

Tourism output. Total tourism-related output consists of direct tourism output and indirect tourism output. Direct tourism output comprises all domestically produced goods and services purchased by travelers (for example, traveler accommodations and passenger air transportation), and indirect tourism output comprises all output required to support the production of direct tourism output (for example, toiletries for hotel guests and fuel for airplanes).

Usual environment. The area of normal, everyday activities, within 50-100 miles of home. (3)

Visitor. A person who travels outside of his or her usual environment for less than a year or who stays overnight in a hotel or motel. The visitor may travel for pleasure or business (private sector or government). Visitors exclude travelers who expect to be compensated at the location of their visit (such as migrant workers, persons traveling to new assignments, and diplomatic and military personnel traveling to and from their duty stations and their home countries).

(1.) In the travel and tourism satellite accounts, inbound and outbound visitors are not differentiated by type of visitor, because the data to prepare these estimates are not available.

(2.) The classification of tourism commodities in the travel and tourism satellite accounts is based on a list of primary activities of visitors that was developed from recommendations by the World Trade Organization and by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and from various surveys of U.S. visitors.

(3.) The usual environment depends on the availability of source data.

Acknowledgments

Sherlene K. S. Lum and Paul V. Kern of the Current Industry Analysis Division supervised the preparation of the estimates. Mary L. Streitweiser, Acting Associate Director of Industry Accounts, and George M. Smith, Chief of the Current Industry Analysis Division, provided overall guidance. Sarah R. Mattingly prepared the estimates. Eric S. Griffith provided support.

BEA staff members of the Current Industry Analysis Division, the National Income and Wealth Division, the Government Division, and the Regional Product Division contributed to the development of the estimates.

The Office of Travel and Tourism Industries of the International Trade Administration provided funding for the preparation of the travel and tourism satellite accounts.

Data Availability

The detailed annual estimates of tourism activity for 2006 are presented in eight tables at the end of this article. The detailed annual estimates for 1998-2006, estimates of output and employment for 2007, and quarterly estimates of output and employment are available on BEA's Web site at <www.bea.gov> under "Industry" and "Satellite Accounts."

Table 1. Production of Commodities by Industry, 2006
g[Millions of dollars]

 Industry

 Nonfarm Food
 Commodity Traveler residential services
 accomm- tenant and
 odations occupied drinking
 permanent places
 site

Traveler accommodations 105,783 12,484 504
Food services and drinking
 places 32,390 ... 491,492
Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
International passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
Passenger rail transportation
 services ... ... ...
Passenger water
 transportation services ... ... ...
Interurban bus transportation ... ... ...
Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... ... ...
Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services ... ... ...
Taxi service ... ... ...
Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... ... ...
Automotive rental ... ... ...
Other vehicle rental ... ... ...
Automotive repair services ... ... ...
Parking lots and garages ... ... ...
Highway tolls ... ... ...
Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... ... ...
Motion pictures and
 performing arts ... ... ...
Spectator sports ... ... ...
Participant sports ... ... ...
Gambling 29,921 ... ...
All other recreation and
 entertainment ... ... 486
Gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 gasoline 13 ... 139
Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 2,063 ... 2,126
All other commodities, except
 all other trade and
 transportation margins 3,775 259,580 969
All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ... ...
All other retail trade
 margins 41 ... 97
Travel by U.S. residents
 abroad ... ... ...
Industry output 173,949 272,064 495,812
Intermediate inputs 62,403 69,787 254,526
Value added 111,546 202,277 241,285
 Compensation of employees 57,991 9,711 164,111
 Taxes on production and
 imports, less subsidies 15,854 28,873 25,740
 Gross operating surplus 37,701 163,693 514,351

 Industry

 Commodity Air Rail Water
 trans- trans- trans-
 portation portation portation

Traveler accommodations ... ... ...
Food services and drinking
 places ... 81 ...
Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 65,858 ... ...
International passenger air
 transportation services 39,134 ... ...
Passenger rail transportation
 services ... 1,357 ...
Passenger water
 transportation services ... ... 11,163
Interurban bus transportation ... ... ...
Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... ... ...
Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services ... ... ...
Taxi service ... ... ...
Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 5 ... 16
Automotive rental ... ... ...
Other vehicle rental ... ... ...
Automotive repair services ... ... ...
Parking lots and garages ... ... ...
Highway tolls ... ... ...
Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... ... ...
Motion pictures and
 performing arts ... ... ...
Spectator sports ... ... ...
Participant sports ... ... ...
Gambling ... ... ...
All other recreation and
 entertainment ... ... 1
Gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 gasoline ... 1,793 839
Retail trade margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 1,556 ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 5,838 27,411 3,432
Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
All other commodities, except
 all other trade and
 transportation margins 30,624 13,831 26,625
All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins 3,684 23,436 1,518
All other retail trade
 margins ... ... ...
Travel by U.S. residents
 abroad ... ... ...
Industry output 146,698 67,909 43,594
Intermediate inputs 86,762 27,602 27,300
Value added 59,936 40,306 16,294
 Compensation of employees 43,585 19,924 10,879
 Taxes on production and
 imports, less subsidies 7,666 804 603
 Gross operating surplus 8,685 19,579 4,813

 Industry

 Interurban Urban
 Commodity Interurban charter transit
 bus bus systems
 trans- trans- and other
 portation portation trans-
 portation

Traveler accommodations ... ... ...
Food services and drinking
 places ... ... ...
Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
International passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
Passenger rail transportation
 services ... ... ...
Passenger water
 transportation services ... ... ...
Interurban bus transportation 1,666 12 14
Interurban charter bus
 transportation 40 770 72
Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services 43 186 21,153
Taxi service ... ... 13
Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... 29 32
Automotive rental ... ... ...
Other vehicle rental ... ... ...
Automotive repair services ... 4 21
Parking lots and garages ... ... ...
Highway tolls ... ... ...
Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... ... ...
Motion pictures and
 performing arts ... ... ...
Spectator sports ... ... ...
Participant sports ... ... ...
Gambling ... ... ...
All other recreation and
 entertainment ... ... ...
Gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... 6
All other commodities, except
 all other trade and
 transportation margins 58 27 3,846
All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ... ...
All other retail trade
 margins ... ... ...
Travel by U.S. residents
 abroad ... ... ...
Industry output 1,807 1,028 25,157
Intermediate inputs 741 210 14,886
Value added 1,067 818 10,272
 Compensation of employees 787 654 22,140
 Taxes on production and
 imports, less subsidies 14 17 -16
 Gross operating surplus 265 146 -11,853

 Industry

 Commodity Scenic and Automotive
 Taxi sightseeing equipment
 service trans- rental and
 portation leasing

Traveler accommodations ... ... ...
Food services and drinking
 places ... ... ...
Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
International passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ....
Passenger rail transportation
 services ... ... ...
Passenger water
 transportation services ... 12 ....
Interurban bus transportation ... 22 ...
Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... 17 ...
Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services 42 35 31
Taxi service 12,202 ... ...
Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... 2,694 ....
Automotive rental ... ... 26,269
Other vehicle rental ... ... 647
Automotive repair services 4 1 ...
Parking lots and garages ... ... ...
Highway tolls ... ... ....
Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... ... ...
Motion pictures and
 performing arts ... ... ...
Spectator sports ... ... ...
Participant sports ... ... ...
Gambling ... ... ...
All other recreation and
 entertainment ... 1 ...
Gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 4 ... ...
All other commodities, except
 all other trade and
 transportation margins 59 36 17,588
All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ... ...
All other retail trade
 margins ... 8 253
Travel by U.S. residents
 abroad ... ... ...
Industry output 12,311 2,828 44,788
Intermediate inputs 4,317 627 32,115
Value added 7,994 2,201 12,673
 Compensation of employees 5,341 924 7,896
 Taxes on production and
 imports, less subsidies 511 320 3,862
 Gross operating surplus 2,143 957 914

 Industry

 Commodity Automotive Parking
 repair lots and Toll
 services garages highways

Traveler accommodations ... ... ...
Food services and drinking
 places ... ... ...
Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
International passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
Passenger rail transportation
 services ... ... ...
Passenger water
 transportation services ... ... ...
Interurban bus transportation ... ... ...
Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... ... ...
Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services ... ... ...
Taxi service ... ... ...
Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... ... ...
Automotive rental ... ... ...
Other vehicle rental ... ... ...
Automotive repair services 105,910 ... ...
Parking lots and garages ... 10,651 ...
Highway tolls ... ... 9,496
Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... ... ...
Motion pictures and
 performing arts ... ... ...
Spectator sports ... ... ...
Participant sports ... ... ...
Gambling ... ... ...
All other recreation and
 entertainment ... ... ...
Gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 gasoline 36 ... ...
Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... 3 ...
All other commodities, except
 all other trade and
 transportation margins 13,488 -9 249
All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ... ...
All other retail trade
 margins 1,701 ... ...
Travel by U.S. residents
 abroad ... ... ...
Industry output 121,134 10,645 9,745
Intermediate inputs 62,862 5,464 2,687
Value added 58,272 5,180 7,057
 Compensation of employees 32,511 2,379 2,597
 Taxes on production and
 imports, less subsidies 8,606 712 ...
 Gross operating surplus 17,155 2,089 4,460

 Industry

 Commodity Travel Motion
 arrangement pictures
 and and Spectator
 reservation performing sports
 arts

Traveler accommodations ... ... ...
Food services and drinking
 places ... 4 5
Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
International passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
Passenger rail transportation
 services ... ... ...
Passenger water
 transportation services ... ... ...
Interurban bus transportation ... ... ...
Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... ... ...
Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services ... ... ...
Taxi service ... ... ...
Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... ... ...
Automotive rental ... ... ...
Other vehicle rental ... ... ...
Automotive repair services ... ... ...
Parking lots and garages ... ... ...
Highway tolls ... ... ...
Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 42,628 ... ...
Motion pictures and
 performing arts ... 21,241 12,964
Spectator sports ... ... 15,181
Participant sports ... ... ...
Gambling ... ... ...
All other recreation and
 entertainment ... 37 2,774
Gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 88 159 318
All other commodities, except
 all other trade and
 transportation margins 98 22,733 8,736
All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ... ...
All other retail trade
 margins ... 4 18
Travel by U.S. residents
 abroad ... ... ...
Industry output 42,814 44,177 39,996
Intermediate inputs 22,536 23,140 10,624
Value added 20,278 21,037 29,372
 Compensation of employees 15,068 15,625 17,010
 Taxes on production and
 imports, less subsidies 990 1,728 2,291
 Gross operating surplus 4,220 3,685 10,071

 Industry

 Commodity All other
 recreation
 Participant Gambling and
 sports entertainment

Traveler accommodations 382 ... ...
Food services and drinking
 places 6,225 2,492 4,735
Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
International passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
Passenger rail transportation
 services ... ... ...
Passenger water
 transportation services ... ... ...
Interurban bus transportation ... ... ...
Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... ... ...
Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services ... ... ...
Taxi service ... ... ...
Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... ... ...
Automotive rental ... ... ...
Other vehicle rental ... ... ...
Automotive repair services ... ... ...
Parking lots and garages ... ... ...
Highway tolls ... ... ...
Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... ... ...
Motion pictures and
 performing arts ... 95 176
Spectator sports ... ... ...
Participant sports 36,137 ... 2,683
Gambling ... 39,731 61
All other recreation and
 entertainment 70 43 39,786
Gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 gasoline 1 ... 78
Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 563 102 2,179
All other commodities, except
 all other trade and
 transportation margins 666 12,025 2,029
All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ... ...
All other retail trade
 margins 45 ... 263
Travel by U.S. residents
 abroad ... ... ...
Industry output 44,089 54,488 51,991
Intermediate inputs 19,266 25,856 20,908
Value added 24,823 28,632 31,083
 Compensation of employees 17,901 14,955 15,651
 Taxes on production and
 imports, less subsidies 2,449 2,832 4,551
 Gross operating surplus 4,474 10,845 10,880

 Industry

 Industries
 Commodity producing
 nondurable Wholesale
 Petroleum PCE trade and
 refineries commodities, trans-
 excluding portation
 petroleum services
 refineries

Traveler accommodations ... ... ...
Food services and drinking
 places ... ... ...
Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
International passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
Passenger rail transportation
 services ... ... ...
Passenger water
 transportation services ... ... ...
Interurban bus transportation ... ... ...
Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... ... ...
Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services ... ... ...
Taxi service ... ... ...
Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... ... ...
Automotive rental ... ... ...
Other vehicle rental ... ... ...
Automotive repair services ... 28 8,223
Parking lots and garages ... ... ...
Highway tolls ... ... ...
Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... ... ...
Motion pictures and
 performing arts ... ... ...
Spectator sports ... ... ...
Participant sports ... ... ...
Gambling ... ... ...
All other recreation and
 entertainment ... 1,974 ...
Gasoline 242,652 .... ... ..
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 gasoline ... ... 87,431
Retail trade margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 204,753 1,403,289 14,445
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... 466,934
Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... 180 23
All other commodities, except
 all other trade and
 transportation margins 43,199 805,000 268,864
All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins 629 31,339 639,875
All other retail trade
 margins ... 1,506 ...
Travel by U.S. residents
 abroad ... ... ...
Industry output 491,233 2,243,316 1,485,795
Intermediate inputs 413,569 1,443,789 572,523
Value added 77,664 799,528 913,272
 Compensation of employees 10,583 391,723 503,112
 Taxes on production and
 imports, less subsidies 2,059 28,626 176,975
 Gross operating surplus 65,023 379,179 233,185

 Industry

 Commodity Retail
 Gasoline trade
 service services, All other
 stations excluding industries
 gasoline
 service
 stations

Traveler accommodations ... ... 1,334
Food services and drinking
 places 7,451 12,258 31,681
Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
International passenger air
 transportation services ... ... ...
Passenger rail transportation
 services ... ... ...
Passenger water
 transportation services ... ... ...
Interurban bus transportation ... ... 2
Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... ... 57
Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services ... ... 290
Taxi service ... ... 1
Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... ... 7
Automotive rental ... 1,075 84
Other vehicle rental 10 73 ...
Automotive repair services 5,965 72,724 167
Parking lots and garages ... ... 411
Highway tolls ... ... ...
Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... ... ...
Motion pictures and
 performing arts ... ... 600
Spectator sports ... ... ...
Participant sports ... ... 58
Gambling ... ... ...
All other recreation and
 entertainment ... 561 16,497
Gasoline ... ... ...
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 gasoline 44,835 3,941 155
Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... 16,563 49,622
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ... ...
Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 23,462 628,959 20,021
All other commodities, except
 all other trade and
 transportation margins 3,745 29,700 17,256,446
All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ... 33,247
All other retail trade
 margins 1,696 499,494 20,214
Travel by U.S. residents
 abroad ... ... ...
Industry output 87,163 1,265,348 17,430,895
Intermediate inputs 18,202 486,324 7,796,343
Value added 68,961 779,024 9,634,552
 Compensation of employees 21,684 456,111 5,593,937
 Taxes on production and
 imports, less subsidies 15,623 171,099 414,779
 Gross operating surplus 31,654 151,814 3,625,836

 Industry

 Commodity
 Domestic
 production
 at
 producers'
 prices

Traveler accommodations 120,487
Food services and drinking
 places 588,813
Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 65,858
International passenger air
 transportation services 39,134
Passenger rail transportation
 services 1,357
Passenger water
 transportation services 11,176
Interurban bus transportation 1,717
Interurban charter bus
 transportation 956
Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services 21,780
Taxi service 12,216
Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 2,783
Automotive rental 27,427
Other vehicle rental 730
Automotive repair services 193,048
Parking lots and garages 11,062
Highway tolls 9,496
Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 42,628
Motion pictures and
 performing arts 35,076
Spectator sports 15,181
Participant sports 38,878
Gambling 69,714
All other recreation and
 entertainment 62,229
Gasoline 242,652
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 gasoline 90,062
Retail trade margins on
 gasoline 49,199
Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 1,690,226
Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 503,614
Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 680,255
All other commodities, except
 all other trade and
 transportation margins 18,823,989
All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins 733,728
All other retail trade
 margins 525,302
Travel by U.S. residents
 abroad ...
Industry output 24,710,774
Intermediate inputs 11,505,368
Value added 13,205,406
 Compensation of employees 7,454,791
 Taxes on production and
 imports, less subsidies 917,567
 Gross operating surplus 4,833,048

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

NOTE. For 2005 and 2006, the sum of final uses for all commodities
and the sum of value added for all industries differ from the
national income and product accounts (NIPA) estimates of GDP due to
the incorporation in the Annual Industry Account's commodity and
industry estimates data from the Census Bureau's accelerated
November 2007 release of the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM).
These source data were not available to be incorporated in the NIPA
estimates of GDP which were released in July 2007.

Table 2. Supply and Consumption of Commodities, 2006
[Millions of dollars]

 Supply

 Domestic
 Commodity production
 at Imports
 producers'
 prices

 Traveler accommodations 120,487 ...
 Food services and drinking places 588,813 ...
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 65,858 ...
 International passenger air
 transportation services 39,134 23,989
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 1,357 ...
 Passenger water transportation
 services 11,176 763
 Interurban bus transportation 1,717
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 956 ...
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 21,780 ...
 Taxi service 12,216 ...
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 2,783 ...
 Automotive rental 27,427 ...
 Other vehicle rental 730 ...
 Automotive repair services 193,048 ...
 Parking lots and garages 11,062 ...
 Highway tolls 9,496 ...
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 42,628 ...
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts 35,076 123
 Spectator sports 15,181 14
 Participant sports 38,878 ...
 Gambling 69,714 ...
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 62,229 3
 Gasoline 242,652 10,214
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation
 margins on gasoline 90,062 ...
 Retail trade margins on gasoline 49,199 ...
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 1,690,226 484,076
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins
 on nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 503,614 ...
 Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 680,255 ...
 All other commodities,
 except all other trade and
 transportation margins 18,823,989 1,489,364
 All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins 733,728 ...
 All other retail trade margins 525,302 ...
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad ... 71,863
Total 24,710,774 2,080,409

 Supply

 Wholesale
 trade
 Commodity Change in margins
 private and
 inventories transportation
 costs

 Traveler accommodations ... ...
 Food services and drinking places ... ...
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... ...
 International passenger air
 transportation services ... ...
 Passenger rail transportation
 services ... ...
 Passenger water transportation
 services ... ...
 Interurban bus transportation ... ...
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... ...
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services ... ...
 Taxi service ... ...
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... ...
 Automotive rental ... ...
 Other vehicle rental ... ...
 Automotive repair services ... ...
 Parking lots and garages ... ...
 Highway tolls ... ...
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... ...
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts ... ...
 Spectator sports ... ...
 Participant sports ... ...
 Gambling ... ...
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 2 ...
 Gasoline 634 90,062
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation
 margins on gasoline ... ...
 Retail trade margins on gasoline ... ...
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 20,049 503,614
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins
 on nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ...
 Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ...
 All other commodities,
 except all other trade and
 transportation margins 33,659 733,728
 All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ...
 All other retail trade margins ... ...
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad ... ...
Total 54,343 1,327,404

 Supply

 Total supply
 Commodity Retail trade at
 margins purchasers'
 prices

 Traveler accommodations ... 120,487
 Food services and drinking places ... 588,813
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... 65,858
 International passenger air
 transportation services ... 63,123
 Passenger rail transportation
 services ... 1,357
 Passenger water transportation
 services ... 11,939
 Interurban bus transportation ... 1,717
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... 956
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services ... 21,780
 Taxi service ... 12,216
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... 2,783
 Automotive rental ... 27,427
 Other vehicle rental ... 730
 Automotive repair services ... 193,048
 Parking lots and garages ... 11,062
 Highway tolls ... 9,496
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... 42,628
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts ... 35,199
 Spectator sports ... 15,195
 Participant sports ... 38,878
 Gambling ... 69,714
 All other recreation and
 entertainment ... 62,231
 Gasoline 49,199 391,493
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation
 margins on gasoline ... ...
 Retail trade margins on gasoline ... ...
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 680,255 3,338,122
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins
 on nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ...
 Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ...
 All other commodities,
 except all other trade and
 transportation margins 525,302 21,538,724
 All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ...
 All other retail trade margins ... ...
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad ... 71,863
Total 1,254,756 26,736,840

 Consumption

 Intermediate
 Commodity
 Private Government
 expenditures expenditures

 Traveler accommodations 37,224 8,051
 Food services and drinking places 98,555 14...263
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 29,523 4,127
 International passenger air
 transportation services 7,879 1,547
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 609 154
 Passenger water transportation
 services ...
 Interurban bus transportation 112 2
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 0
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 6,506 248
 Taxi service 7,397 685
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 30 1
 Automotive rental 15,042 3,710
 Other vehicle rental 443 1
 Automotive repair services 40,425 4,630
 Parking lots and garages 2,625 939
 Highway tolls 1,988 598
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 12,624 1,919
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts 8,123 33
 Spectator sports 8,557 18
 Participant sports 6,878 96
 Gambling 74
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 5,553 6,125
 Gasoline 69,673 9,217
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation
 margins on gasoline ... ...
 Retail trade margins on gasoline ... ...
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 959,486 168,795
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins
 on nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ...
 Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ...
 All other commodities,
 except all other trade and
 transportation margins 9,065,073 876,941
 All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ...
 All other retail trade margins ... ...
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad 20,002 ...
Total 10,404,401 1,102,103

 Consumption

 Commodity Personal Gross
 consumption private fixed
 expenditures investment

 Traveler accommodations 75,212 ...
 Food services and drinking places 475,234 ...
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 32,208 ...
 International passenger air
 transportation services 34,712 ...
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 593 ...
 Passenger water transportation
 services 11,588 ...
 Interurban bus transportation 1,604 ...
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 956 ...
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 15,026 ...
 Taxi service 4,134 ...
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 2,752 ...
 Automotive rental 8,675 ...
 Other vehicle rental 286 ...
 Automotive repair services 147,985 ...
 Parking lots and garages 7,498 ...
 Highway tolls 6,910 ...
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 25,980 ...
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts 26,823 ...
 Spectator sports 6,595 ...
 Participant sports 31,903 ...
 Gambling 69,640 ...
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 50,548 ...
 Gasoline 311,425 ...
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation
 margins on gasoline ... ...
 Retail trade margins on gasoline ... ...
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 1,969,658 34,269
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins
 on nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ...
 Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ...
 All other commodities,
 except all other trade and
 transportation margins 5,854,703 2,131,260
 All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ...
 All other retail trade margins ... ...
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad 51,861 ...
Total 9,224,508 2,165,529

 Consumption

 Commodity Government Exports of
 final goods and
 expenditures services

 Traveler accommodations ... ...
 Food services and drinking places ... 761
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services ... ...
 International passenger air
 transportation services ... 18,984
 Passenger rail transportation
 services ... ...
 Passenger water transportation
 services ... 351
 Interurban bus transportation ... ...
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation ... ...
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services ... ...
 Taxi service ... ...
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services ... ...
 Automotive rental ... ...
 Other vehicle rental ... ...
 Automotive repair services ... 8
 Parking lots and garages ... ...
 Highway tolls ... ...
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services ... 2,106
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts ... 220
 Spectator sports ... 25
 Participant sports ... ...
 Gambling ... ...
 All other recreation and
 entertainment ... 5
 Gasoline ... 1,178
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation
 margins on gasoline ... ...
 Retail trade margins on gasoline ... ...
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 3,424 202,489
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins
 on nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ...
 Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ... ...
 All other commodities,
 except all other trade and
 transportation margins 2,519,618 1,091,129
 All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ... ...
 All other retail trade margins ... ...
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad ... ...
Total 2,523,042 1,317,256

 Consumption

 Commodity Total
 consumption

 Traveler accommodations 120,487
 Food services and drinking places 588,813
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 65,858
 International passenger air
 transportation services 63,123
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 1,357
 Passenger water transportation
 services 11,939
 Interurban bus transportation 1,717
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 956
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 21,780
 Taxi service 12,216
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 2,783
 Automotive rental 27,427
 Other vehicle rental 730
 Automotive repair services 193,048
 Parking lots and garages 11,062
 Highway tolls 9,496
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 42,628
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts 35,199
 Spectator sports 15,195
 Participant sports 38,878
 Gambling 69,714
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 62,231
 Gasoline 391,493
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation
 margins on gasoline ...
 Retail trade margins on gasoline ...
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 3,338,122
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation margins
 on nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ...
 Retail trade margins on
 nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline ...
 All other commodities,
 except all other trade and
 transportation margins 21,538,724
 All other wholesale trade and
 transportation margins ...
 All other retail trade margins ...
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad 71,863
Total 26,736,840

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

NOTE. For 2005 and 2006, the sum of final uses for all commodities
and the sum of value added for all industries differ from the national
income and product accounts (NIPA) estimates of GDP due to the
incorporation in the Annual Industry Account's commodity and industry
estimates data from the Census Bureaus accelerated November 2007
release of the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM). These source data
were not available to be incorporated in the NIPA estimates of GDP
which were released in July 2007.

Table 3. Demand for Commodities by Type of Visitor, 2006
[Millions of dollars]

 Total Resident
 Commodity consumption households

 Traveler accommodations 120,487 51,563
 Food services and drinking places 588,813 57,853
 Domestic passenger air transportation
 services 65,858 26,400
 International passenger air
 transportation services 63,123 34,712
 Passenger rail transportation services 1,357 486
 Passenger water transportation
 services 11,939 10,873
 Interurban bus transportation 1,717 1,314
 Interurban charter bus transportation 956 783
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 21,780 2,571
 Taxi service 12,216 1,282
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services 2,783 2,256
 Automotive rental 27,427 5,790
 Other vehicle rental 730 122
 Automotive repair services 193,048 6,978
 Parking lots and garages 11,062 1,186
 Highway tolls 9,496 439
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 42,628 24,881
 Motion pictures and performing arts 35,199 7,171
 Spectator sports 15,195 1,601
 Participant sports 38,878 7,185
 Gambling 69,714 28,708
 All other recreation and entertainment 62,231 13,829
 Gasoline 391,493 46,086
 Nondurable PCE commodities other than
 gasoline 3,338,122 80,307
 All other commodities 21,538,724 ...
Total demand less travel by U.S.
 residents abroad 26,664,976 414,378
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad 71,863 51,861
Total demand 26,736,840 466,240

 Commodity Business Government

 Traveler accommodations 37,224 8,051
 Food services and drinking places 33,954 7,330
 Domestic passenger air transportation
 services 29,523 4,127
 International passenger air
 transportation services 7,879 1,547
 Passenger rail transportation services 609 154
 Passenger water transportation
 services ... ...
 Interurban bus transportation 112 2
 Interurban charter bus transportation ... ...
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 1,133 43
 Taxi service 2,384 221
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services 30 1
 Automotive rental 14,866 3,667
 Other vehicle rental 443 1
 Automotive repair services 2,788 213
 Parking lots and garages 423 151
 Highway tolls 128 39
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 12,090 1,838
 Motion pictures and performing arts 4,020 ...
 Spectator sports 4,230 ...
 Participant sports 3,411 ...
 Gambling ... ...
 All other recreation and entertainment 2,746 ...
 Gasoline 18,417 1,404
 Nondurable PCE commodities other than
 gasoline 25,164 2,941
 All other commodities ... ...
Total demand less travel by U.S.
 residents abroad 201,574 31,729
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad 20,002 ...
Total demand 221,576 31,729

 Total
 tourism
 Commodity Nonresidents demand

 Traveler accommodations 23,649 120,487
 Food services and drinking places 17,760 116,897
 Domestic passenger air transportation
 services 5,808 65,858
 International passenger air
 transportation services 18,984 63,123
 Passenger rail transportation services 107 1,357
 Passenger water transportation
 services 351 11,224
 Interurban bus transportation 289 1,717
 Interurban charter bus transportation 172 956
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 260 4,008
 Taxi service 154 4,041
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services 496 2,783
 Automotive rental 509 24,833
 Other vehicle rental 112 678
 Automotive repair services 1,269 11,248
 Parking lots and garages 129 1,889
 Highway tolls 90 696
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 2,106 40,914
 Motion pictures and performing arts 996 12,187
 Spectator sports 331 6,162
 Participant sports 562 11,159
 Gambling 6,107 34,815
 All other recreation and entertainment 1,125 17,700
 Gasoline 2,671 68,578
 Nondurable PCE commodities other than
 gasoline 19,243 127,656
 All other commodities ... ...
Total demand less travel by U.S.
 residents abroad 103,283 750,964
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad ... 71,863
Total demand 103,283 822,827

 Tourism
 Nontourism commodity
 Commodity demand ratio

 Traveler accommodations ... 1.00
 Food services and drinking places 471,916 0.20
 Domestic passenger air transportation
 services ... 1.00
 International passenger air
 transportation services ... 1.00
 Passenger rail transportation services ... 1.00
 Passenger water transportation
 services 715 0.94
 Interurban bus transportation ... 1.00
 Interurban charter bus transportation ... 1.00
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 17,772 0.18
 Taxi service 8,175 0.33
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services ... 1.00
 Automotive rental 2,595 0.91
 Other vehicle rental 51 0.93
 Automotive repair services 181,801 0.06
 Parking lots and garages 9,173 0.17
 Highway tolls 8,800 0.07
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 1,714 0.96
 Motion pictures and performing arts 23,012 0.35
 Spectator sports 9,033 0.41
 Participant sports 27,720 0.29
 Gambling 34,899 0.50
 All other recreation and entertainment 44,530 0.28
 Gasoline 322,915 0.18
 Nondurable PCE commodities other than
 gasoline 3,210,466 0.04
 All other commodities 21,538,724 0.00
Total demand less travel by U.S.
 residents abroad 25,914,012 ...
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad ... 1.00
Total demand 25,914,012 ...

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

NOTE. For 2005 and 2006, the sum of final uses for all commodities
and the sum of value added for all industries differ from the
national income and product accounts (NIPA) estimates of GDP due to
the incorporation in the Annual Industry Account's commodity and
industry estimates data from the Census Bureau's accelerated
November 2007 release of the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM),
These source data were not available to be incorporated in the NIPA
estimates of GDP which were released in July 2007.

Table 3a. Demand for Commodities by Type of Visitor
(Unadjusted for Travel Arrangement Commissions), 2006
[Millions of dollars]

 Total Resident
 Commodity consumption households

 Traveler accommodations 125,660 53,777
 Food services and drinking places 588,813 57,853
 Domestic passenger air transportation
 services 72,844 29,200
 International passenger air
 transportation services 70,767 38,915
 Passenger rail transportation services 1,657 594
 Passenger water transportation
 services 13,427 12,314
 Interurban bus transportation 1,717 1,314
 Interurban charter bus transportation 968 793
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 21,883 2,637
 Taxi service 12,284 1,304
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services 2,802 2,271
 Automotive rental 30,928 6,607
 Other vehicle rental 730 122
 Automotive repair services 193,048 6,978
 Parking lots and garages 11,062 1,186
 Highway tolls 9,496 439
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 18,110 10,478
 Motion pictures and performing arts 35,242 7,196
 Spectator sports 15,230 1,610
 Participant sports 38,878 7,185
 Gambling 71,143 29,886
 All other recreation and entertainment 62,301 13,884
 Gasoline 391,493 46,086
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 3,338,122 80,307
 All other commodities ... 21,538,724
Total demand less travel by
 U.S. residents abroad 26,667,329 412,938
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad 73,859 53,301
Total demand 26,741,188 466,240

 Commodity Business Government

 Traveler accommodations 38,822 8,396
 Food services and drinking places 33,954 7,330
 Domestic passenger air transportation
 services 32,655 4,565
 International passenger air
 transportation services 8,833 1,735
 Passenger rail transportation services 744 188
 Passenger water transportation
 services ... ...
 Interurban bus transportation 112 2
 Interurban charter bus transportation ... ...
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 1,162 44
 Taxi service 2,424 225
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services 30 1
 Automotive rental 16,962 4,184
 Other vehicle rental 443 1
 Automotive repair services 2,788 213
 Parking lots and garages 423 151
 Highway tolls 128 39
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 3,502 311
 Motion pictures and performing arts 4,034 ...
 Spectator sports ... 4,254
 Participant sports 3,411
 Gambling ... ...
 All other recreation and entertainment 2,757
 Gasoline 18,417 1,404
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 25,164 2,941
 All other commodities ... ...
Total demand less travel by
 U.S. residents abroad 201,019 31,729
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad 20,557 ...
Total demand 221,576 31,729

 Total
 tourism
 Commodity Nonresidents demand

 Traveler accommodations 24,665 125,660
 Food services and drinking places 17,760 116,897
 Domestic passenger air transportation
 services 6,424 72,844
 International passenger air
 transportation services 21,283 70,767
 Passenger rail transportation services 131 1,657
 Passenger water transportation
 services 398 12,712
 Interurban bus transportation 289 1,717
 Interurban charter bus transportation 175 968
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 267 4,110
 Taxi service 157 4,109
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services 500 2,802
 Automotive rental 581 28,333
 Other vehicle rental 112 678
 Automotive repair services 1,269 11,248
 Parking lots and garages 129 1,889
 Highway tolls 90 696
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 2,106 16,396
 Motion pictures and performing arts 1,000 12,229
 Spectator sports 333 6,197
 Participant sports 562 11,159
 Gambling 6,358 36,244
 All other recreation and entertainment 1,129 17,770
 Gasoline 2,671 68,578
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 19,243 127,656
 All other commodities ... ...
Total demand less travel by
 U.S. residents abroad 107,631 753,316
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad ... 73,859
Total demand 107,631 827,175

 Tourism
 Nontourism commodity
 Commodity demand ratio

 Traveler accommodations ... 1.00
 Food services and drinking places 471,916 0.20
 Domestic passenger air transportation
 services ... 1.00
 International passenger air
 transportation services ... 1.00
 Passenger rail transportation services ... 1.00
 Passenger water transportation
 services 715 0.95
 Interurban bus transportation ... 1.00
 Interurban charter bus transportation ... 1.00
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation services 17,772 0.19
 Taxi service 8,175 0.33
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services ... ...
 Automotive rental 2,595 0.92
 Other vehicle rental 51 0.93
 Automotive repair services 181,801 0.06
 Parking lots and garages 9,173 0.17
 Highway tolls 8,800 0.07
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 1,714 0.91
 Motion pictures and performing arts 23,012 0.35
 Spectator sports 9,033 0.41
 Participant sports 27,720 0.29
 Gambling 34,899 0.51
 All other recreation and entertainment 44,530 0.29
 Gasoline 322,915 0.18
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 3,210,466 0.04
 All other commodities 21,538,724 0.00
Total demand less travel by
 U.S. residents abroad 25,914,012 ...
 Travel by U.S. residents abroad ... 1.00
Total demand 25,914,012 ...

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

NOTE. For 2005 and 2006, the sum of final uses for all commodities
and the sum of value added for all industries differ from the
national income and product accounts (NIPA) estimates of GDP due to
the incorporation in the Annual Industry Account's commodity and
industry estimates data from the Census Bureau's accelerated
November 2007 release of the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM).
These source data were not available to be incorporated in the NIPA
estimates of GDP which were released in July 2007.

Table 4. Output and Value Added by Industry, 2006
[Millions of dollars]

 Industry Intermediate
 Industry output consumption

 Traveler accommodations 173,949 62,403
 Nonfarm residential tenant
 occupied permanent site 272,064 69,787
 Food services and drinking
 places 495,812 254,526
 Air transportation services 146,698 86,762
 Rail transportation services 67,909 27,602
 Water transportation services 43,594 27,300
 Interurban bus transportation 1,807 741
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 1,028 210
 Urban transit systems and
 other transportation 25,157 14,886
 Taxi service 12,311 4,317
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation 2,828 627
 Automotive equipment rental
 and leasing 44,788 32,115
 Automotive repair services 121,134 62,862
 Parking 10,645 5,464
 Toll highways 9,745 2,687
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 42,814 22,536
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts 44,177 23,140
 Spectator sports 39,996 10,624
 Participant sports 44,089 19,266
 Gambling 54,488 25,856
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 51,991 20,908
 Petroleum refineries 491,233 413,569
 Industries producing
 nondurable PCE commodities,
 excluding petroleum
 refineries 2,243,316 1,443,789
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation services 1,485,795 572,523
 Gasoline service stations 87,163 18,202
 Retail trade services,
 excluding gasoline
 service stations 1,265,348 486,324
 All other industries 17,430,895 7,796,343
Total 24,710,774 11,505,368

 Tourism
 Value industry Tourism
 Industry added ratio output

 Traveler accommodations 111,546 0.73 127,237
 Nonfarm residential tenant
 occupied permanent site 202,277 0.05 12,484
 Food services and drinking
 places 241,285 0.20 98,324
 Air transportation services 59,936 0.72 105,280
 Rail transportation services 40,306 0.04 2,735
 Water transportation services 16,294 0.25 10,789
 Interurban bus transportation 1,067 0.95 1,714
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 818 0.82 845
 Urban transit systems and
 other transportation 10,272 0.16 4,016
 Taxi service 7,994 0.33 4,044
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation 2,201 0.97 2,752
 Automotive equipment rental
 and leasing 12,673 0.54 24,391
 Automotive repair services 58,272 0.05 6,177
 Parking 5,180 0.17 1,819
 Toll highways 7,057 0.07 696
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 20,278 0.96 40,917
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts 21,037 0.17 7,372
 Spectator sports 29,372 0.29 11,447
 Participant sports 24,823 0.27 12,032
 Gambling 28,632 0.37 20,386
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 31,083 0.25 13,215
 Petroleum refineries 77,664 0.10 50,335
 Industries producing
 nondurable PCE commodities,
 excluding petroleum
 refineries 799,528 0.02 54,234
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation services 9,132,721 0.02 34,204
 Gasoline service stations 68,961 0.12 10,587
 Retail trade services,
 excluding gasoline
 service stations 779,024 0.03 33,247
 All other industries 9,634,552 0.00 15,507
Total 13,205,406 706,786

 Tourism
 intermediate Tourism
 Industry consumption value added

 Traveler accommodations 45,645 81,592
 Nonfarm residential tenant
 occupied permanent site 3,202 9,282
 Food services and drinking
 places 50,475 47,849
 Air transportation services 62,267 43,014
 Rail transportation services 1,112 1,623
 Water transportation services 16,757 4,033
 Interurban bus transportation 702 1,012
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 173 673
 Urban transit systems and
 other transportation 2,376 1,640
 Taxi service 1,418 2,626
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation 610 2,142
 Automotive equipment rental
 and leasing 17,489 6,901
 Automotive repair services 3,205 2,971
 Parking 934 885
 Toll highways 192 504
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 21,537 19,380
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts 3,861 3,510
 Spectator sports 3,041 8,406
 Participant sports 5,258 6,774
 Gambling 9,673 10,712
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 5,314 7,901
 Petroleum refineries 42,377 7,958
 Industries producing
 nondurable PCE commodities,
 excluding petroleum
 refineries 34,905 19,329
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation services 13,180 21,024
 Gasoline service stations 2,211 8,376
 Retail trade services,
 excluding gasoline
 service stations 12,778 20,469
 All other industries 6,936 8,571
Total 357,628 349,157

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

NOTE. For 2005 and 2006, the sum of final uses for all commodities
and the sum of value added for all industries differ from the
national income and product accounts (NIPA) estimates of GDP due to
the incorporation in the Annual Industry Account's commodity and
industry estimates data from the Census Bureaus accelerated
November 2007 release of the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM).
These source data were not available to be incorporated in the NIPA
estimates of GDP which were released in July 2007.

Table 5. Output by Commodity, 2006 [Millions of dollars]

 Domestic
 production at Tourism Direct
 purchasers' commodity tourism
 Commodity prices ratio output

 Traveler accommodations 120,487 1.00 120,487
 Food services and drinking
 places 588,813 0.20 116,897
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 65,858 1.00 65,858
 International passenger air
 transportation services 39,134 1.00 39,134
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 1,357 1.00 1,357
 Passenger water transportation
 services 11,176 0.94 10,507
 Interurban bus transportation 1,717 1.00 1,717
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 956 1.00 956
 Urban transit systems and
 other transportation services 21,780 0.18 4,008
 Taxi service 12,216 0.33 4,041
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 2,783 1.00 2,783
 Automotive rental 27,427 0.91 24,833
 Other vehicle rental 730 0.93 678
 Automotive repair services 193,048 0.06 11,248
 Parking lots and garages 11,062 0.17 1,889
 Highway tolls 9,496 0.07 696
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 42,628 0.96 40,914
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts 35,076 0.35 12,144
 Spectator sports 15,181 0.41 6,156
 Participant sports 38,878 0.29 11,159
 Gambling 69,714 0.50 34,815
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 62,229 0.28 17,700
 Gasoline 381,913 0.18 66,900
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 2,874,095 0.04 109,910
Total 4,627,755 0.15 706,786

 Total
 commodity
 output Total tourism-
 Commodity multiplier related output

 Traveler accommodations 1.54 185,640
 Food services and drinking
 places 1.88 219,755
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 1.70 111,711
 International passenger air
 transportation services 1.70 66,381
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 1.62 2,202
 Passenger water transportation
 services 1.98 20,779
 Interurban bus transportation 1.71 2,939
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 1.71 1,636
 Urban transit systems and
 other transportation services 1.71 6,861
 Taxi service 1.71 6,917
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 1.46 4,070
 Automotive rental 1.64 40,744
 Other vehicle rental 1.64 1,113
 Automotive repair services 1.71 19,230
 Parking lots and garages 1.71 3,229
 Highway tolls 1.94 1,349
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 1.62 66,275
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts 1.77 21,480
 Spectator sports 1.64 10,073
 Participant sports 1.62 18,053
 Gambling 1.62 56,326
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 1.64 29,115
 Gasoline 1.84 122,867
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 2.08 228,115
Total 1.76 1,246,860

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

NOTE. For 2005 and 2006, the sum of final uses for all commodities
and the sum of value added for all industries differ from the
national income and product accounts (NIPA) estimates of GDP due to
the incorporation in the Annual Industry Account's commodity and
industry estimates data from the Census Bureau's accelerated
November 2007 release of the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM).
These source data were not available to be incorporated in the NIPA
estimates of GDP which were released in July 2007.

Table 6. Employment and Compensation of Employees by Industry, 2006

 Total
 employment Compensation
 (thousands (millions of
 Industry of employees) dollars)

 Traveler accommodations 1,841 57,991
 Nonfarm residential tenant
 occupied permanent site 207 9,711
 Food services and drinking places 9,427 164,111
 Air transportation services 621 43,585
 Rail transportation services 228 19,924
 Water transportation services 174 10,879
 Interurban bus transportation 23 787
 Interurban charter bus transportation 24 654
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation 370 22,140
 Taxi service 150 5,341
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services 18 924
 Automotive equipment rental and
 leasing 180 7,896
 Automotive repair services 866 32,511
 Parking lots and garages 83 2,379
 Toll highways 60 2,597
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 205 15,068
 Motion pictures and performing arts 186 15,625
 Spectator sports 223 17,010
 Participant sports 840 17,901
 Gambling 471 14,955
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 461 15,651
 Petroleum refineries 72 10,583
 Industries producing nondurable PCE
 commodities, excluding petroleum
 refineries 6,457 391,723
 Wholesale trade and transportation
 services 7,673 503,112
 Gasoline service stations 649 21,684
 Retail trade services, excluding
 gasoline service stations 15,222 456,111
 All other industries 96,809 5,593,937
Total 143,542 7,454,791

 Tourism
 Tourism employment
 industry (thousands of
 Industry ratio employees)

 Traveler accommodations 0.73 1,347
 Nonfarm residential tenant
 occupied permanent site 0.05 10
 Food services and drinking places 0.20 1,869
 Air transportation services 0.72 446
 Rail transportation services 0.04 9
 Water transportation services 0.25 43
 Interurban bus transportation 0.95 22
 Interurban charter bus transportation 0.82 20
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation 0.16 59
 Taxi service 0.33 49
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services 0.97 18
 Automotive equipment rental and
 leasing 0.54 98
 Automotive repair services 0.05 44
 Parking lots and garages 0.17 14
 Toll highways 0.07 4
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 0.96 196
 Motion pictures and performing arts 0.17 31
 Spectator sports 0.29 64
 Participant sports 0.27 229
 Gambling 0.37 176
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 0.25 117
 Petroleum refineries 0.10 7
 Industries producing nondurable PCE
 commodities, excluding petroleum
 refineries 0.02 156
 Wholesale trade and transportation
 services 0.02 177
 Gasoline service stations 0.12 79
 Retail trade services, excluding
 gasoline service stations 0.03 400
 All other industries 0.00 86
Total 5,772

 Tourism Average
 compensation compensation
 (millions of per tourism
 Industry dollars) employee

 Traveler accommodations 42,418 31,502
 Nonfarm residential tenant
 occupied permanent site 446 46,839
 Food services and drinking places 32,545 17,409
 Air transportation services 31,279 70,174
 Rail transportation services 802 87,463
 Water transportation services 2,692 62,668
 Interurban bus transportation 747 33,641
 Interurban charter bus transportation 538 27,066
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation 3,535 59,879
 Taxi service 1,755 35,491
 Scenic and sightseeing transportation
 services 899 50,198
 Automotive equipment rental and
 leasing 4,300 43,752
 Automotive repair services 1,658 37,553
 Parking lots and garages 406 28,561
 Toll highways 185 43,381
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 14,401 73,389
 Motion pictures and performing arts 2,607 84,061
 Spectator sports 4,868 76,158
 Participant sports 4,885 21,320
 Gambling 5,595 31,730
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 3,978 33,919
 Petroleum refineries 1,084 147,854
 Industries producing nondurable PCE
 commodities, excluding petroleum
 refineries 947 60,667
 Wholesale trade and transportation
 services 11,582 65,568
 Gasoline service stations 2,634 33,403
 Retail trade services, excluding
 gasoline service stations 11,984 29,964
 All other industries 4,977 57,783
Total 202,272

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

Table 7. Employment by Industry, 2006 [Thousands of employees]

 Total Total
 Direct industry tourism-
 tourism employment related
 Industry employment multiplier employment

 Traveler accommodations 1,347 1.23 1,657
 Nonfarm residential tenant
 occupied permanent site 10 2.97 28
 Food services and drinking
 places 1,869 1.34 2,500
 Air transportation services 446 1.77 790
 Rail transportation services 9 1.93 18
 Water transportation services 43 3.64 156
 Interurban bus transportation 22 1.44 32
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 20 1.44 29
 Urban transit systems and
 other transportation 59 1.44 85
 Taxi service 49 1.44 71
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 18 1.44 26
 Automotive equipment rental
 and leasing 98 2.35 230
 Automotive repair services 44 1.54 68
 Parking lots and garages 14 2.09 30
 Toll highways 4 1.79 8
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 196 1.54 302
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts 31 2.16 67
 Spectator sports 64 1.70 109
 Participant sports 229 1.29 295
 Gambling 176 1.44 254
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 117 1.54 181
 Petroleum refineries 7 3.31 24
 Industries producing
 nondurable PCE commodities,
 excluding petroleum
 refineries 156 2.88 449
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation services 177 1.57 278
 Gasoline service stations 79 1.20 95
 Retail trade services,
 excluding gasoline
 service stations 400 1.20 480
 All other industries 86 1.94 167
Total 5,772 8,429

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

Table 8. Real Tourism Output, 2006

 Real output
 Direct (millions
 output of chained
 (millions Chain-type (2000)
 Commodity of dollars) price index dollars)

 Traveler accommodations 120,487 117.1 102,887
 Food services and drinking
 places 116,897 118.6 98,572
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 65,858 89.8 73,343
 International passenger air
 transportation services 39,134 131.2 29,821
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 1,357 106.1 1,278
 Passenger water transportation
 services 10,507 81.4 12,915
 Interurban bus transportation 1,717 127.4 1,348
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 956 121.0 790
 Urban transit systems and
 other transportation
 services 4,008 121.7 3,292
 Taxi service 4,041 129.4 3,124
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 2,783 121.0 2,300
 Automotive rental 24,833 115.8 21,437
 Other vehicle rental 678 118.5 573
 Automotive repair services 11,248 122.2 9,204
 Parking lots and garages 1,889 129.4 1,460
 Highway tolls 696 132.2 526
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 40,914 105.3 38,859
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts 12,144 125.0 9,713
 Spectator sports 6,156 129.8 4,742
 Participant sports 11,159 115.5 9,660
 Gambling 34,815 117.0 29,767
 All other recreation
 and entertainment 17,700 118.7 14,910
 Gasoline 66,900 170.7 39,187
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 109,910 108.3 101,497
Total 706,786 115.7 610,812

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

NOTE. For 2005 and 2006, the sum of final uses for all commodities
and the sum of value added for all industries differ from the
national income and product accounts (NIPA) estimates of GDP due to
the incorporation in the Annual Industry Account's commodity and
industry estimates data from the Census Bureau's accelerated
November 2007 release of the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM).
These source data were not available to be incorporated in the
NIPA estimates of GDP which were released in July 2007.

Table A. Annual Growth in Real Output by Tourism
Commodity in 2001-2007
[Percent change from preceding period]

 Commodity 2001 2002 2003 2004

All tourism goods and services -4.7 0.8 3.1 6.2
 Traveler accommodations -8.2 2.0 3.4 3.6
 Food and beverage services -2.2 1.5 4.4 5.5
 Transportation -4.1 -0.5 0.8 6.7
 Passenger air transportation -9.2 -1.9 3.3 10.6
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services -0.7 -0.8 6.8 7.9
 International passenger air
 transportation services -15.1 -4.8 -4.3 17.4
 All other transportation-related
 commodities -0.1 0.5 -0.8 4.0
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 2.8 4.5 3.2 8.5
 Passenger water transportation
 services 14.1 1.2 20.6 40.5
 Intercity bus services -4.0 -2.9 15.3 -6.3
 Intercity charter bus services -10.2 -3.1 -3.7 -4.0
 Local bus and other
 transportation services -1.8 -7.1 -2.6 1.5
 Taxicab services -3.9 -7.2 -9.0 -4.0
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services -7.3 -5.3 -0.8 3.2
 Automotive rental and leasing -2.7 -5.7 -1.5 9.0
 Other vehicle rental and leasing -7.9 -4.3 1.2 15.6
 Automotive repair services 7.4 3.5 -12.1 -6.4
 Parking 6.7 2.4 12.0 0.4
 Highway tolls 2.4 6.8 8.1 -0.8
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services -1.7 5.1 4.9 2.6
 Gasoline -0.6 0.6 -4.5 1.9
 Recreation, entertainment,
 and shopping -4.8 1.6 5.4 7.3
 Recreation and entertainment -1.5 4.5 5.5 5.1
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts -2.0 5.3 2.3 3.5
 Spectator sports -11.8 15.8 2.6 6.1
 Participant sports -2.9 0.0 1.2 1.0
 Gambling 2.8 5.1 9.3 9.9
 All other recreation and
 entertainment -3.7 2.9 5.6 -1.1
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline -7.1 -0.6 5.3 9.9

 Commodity 2005 2006 2007

All tourism goods and services 2.9 3.1 1.9
 Traveler accommodations 1.8 3.8 1.2
 Food and beverage services 4.5 3.2 1.7
 Transportation 3.4 2.7 2.0
 Passenger air transportation 2.7 2.6 2.6
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services -2.7 -0.4 2.5
 International passenger air
 transportation services 14.0 8.2 2.7
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 3.9 2.8 1.7
 Passenger rail transportation
 services -6.4 -0.8 6.2
 Passenger water transportation
 services 13.8 4.8 7.5
 Intercity bus services -6.7 -6.6 -8.6
 Intercity charter bus services -4.8 6.7 3.2
 Local bus and other
 transportation services 12.9 8.1 2.4
 Taxicab services 9.4 5.8 1.9
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 3.9 6.4 2.8
 Automotive rental and leasing 4.1 0.3 7.5
 Other vehicle rental and leasing 18.0 4.1 -3.5
 Automotive repair services -3.8 -5.0 1.4
 Parking 1.7 -11.1 -5.2
 Highway tolls -7.8 -11.2 -2.5
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 7.6 5.7 4.2
 Gasoline 1.4 3.3 -1.3
 Recreation, entertainment,
 and shopping 1.5 2.8 2.3
 Recreation and entertainment 1.6 1.6 1.8
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts -3.8 -2.4 -1.3
 Spectator sports -4.7 4.1 2.7
 Participant sports 1.3 -3.6 2.9
 Gambling 2.2 3.3 1.2
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 4.1 1.6 3.3
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 2.7 5.0 3.2

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

Table B. Contributions to Growth in Real Tourism Output by Tourism
Commodity in 2001-2007
[Percentage points]

 Commodity 2001 2002 2003 2004

All tourism goods and services -4.70 0.78 3.15 6.22
 Traveler accommodations -1.44 0.34 0.58 0.64
 Food and beverage services -0.34 0.24 0.73 0.93
 Transportation -1.61 -0.21 0.33 2.49
 Passenger air transportation -1.58 -0.31 0.50 1.57
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services -0.82 -0.08 0.69 0.82
 International passenger air
 transportation services -0.76 -0.22 -0.20 0.75
 All other transportation-related
 commodities -0.03 0.10 -0.16 0.92
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
 Passenger water transportation
 services 0.14 0.01 0.21 0.45
 Intercity bus services -0.01 -0.01 0.04 -0.02
 Intercity charter bus services -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01
 Local bus and other
 transportation services -0.01 -0.04 -0.01 0.01
 Taxicab services -0.02 -0.05 -0.06 -0.02
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services -0.03 -0.02 0.00 0.01
 Automotive rental and leasing -0.10 -0.22 -0.06 0.32
 Other vehicle rental and
 leasing -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01
 Automotive repair services 0.15 0.08 -0.30 -0.14
 Parking 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.00
 Highway tolls 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services -0.09 0.29 0.28 0.15
 Gasoline -0.04 0.04 -0.32 0.14
 Recreation, entertainment,
 and shopping -1.30 0.42 1.50 2.16
 Recreation and entertainment -0.16 0.51 0.67 0.60
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts -0.03 0.10 0.05 0.07
 Spectator sports -0.09 0.12 0.02 0.06
 Participant sports -0.05 0.00 0.02 0.02
 Gambling 0.11 0.22 0.43 0.48
 All other recreation and
 entertainment -0.09 0.07 0.15 -0.03
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline -1.14 -0.09 0.83 1.57

 Commodity 2005 2006 2007

All tourism goods and services 2.91 3.12 1.95
 Traveler accommodations 0.32 0.64 0.20
 Food and beverage services 0.75 0.53 0.26
 Transportation 1.29 1.06 0.84
 Passenger air transportation 0.39 0.39 0.35
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services -0.28 -0.04 0.21
 International passenger air
 transportation services 0.66 0.43 0.14
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 0.90 0.67 0.49
 Passenger rail transportation
 services -0.01 0.00 0.01
 Passenger water transportation
 services 0.19 0.07 0.10
 Intercity bus services -0.02 -0.02 -0.02
 Intercity charter bus services -0.01 0.01 0.00
 Local bus and other
 transportation services 0.06 0.04 0.01
 Taxicab services 0.05 0.03 0.01
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 0.02 0.02 0.01
 Automotive rental and leasing 0.15 0.01 0.24
 Other vehicle rental and
 leasing 0.01 0.00 0.00
 Automotive repair services -0.07 -0.09 0.02
 Parking 0.01 -0.03 -0.01
 Highway tolls -0.01 -0.01 0.00
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 0.42 0.32 0.23
 Gasoline 0.11 0.30 -0.12
 Recreation, entertainment,
 and shopping 0.56 0.90 0.65
 Recreation and entertainment 0.12 0.13 0.18
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts -0.07 -0.04 -0.02
 Spectator sports -0.04 0.04 0.02
 Participant sports 0.02 -0.06 0.04
 Gambling 0.11 0.16 0.06
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 0.11 0.04 0.08
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 0.44 0.77 0.47

Table C. Real Output by Tourism Commodity in 2000-2007
[Millions of chained (2000) dollars]

 Commodity 2000 2001

All tourism goods and services 546,908 521,226
 Traveler accommodations 97,041 89,131
 Food and beverage services 83,683 81,812
 Transportation 219,040 210,105
 Passenger transportation 97,677 88,731
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 71,026 66,290
 International passenger air services 26,651 22,626
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 121,363 121,195
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 1,145 1,177
 Passenger water transportation
 services 5,526 6,307
 Intercity bus services 1,536 1,475
 Intercity charter bus services 966 867
 Local bus and other transportation
 services 2,993 2,940
 Taxicab services 3,461 3,326
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 12,316 2,147
 Automotive rental and leasing 20,851 20,294
 Other vehicle rental and leasing 525 484
 Automotive repair services 11,014 11,826
 Parking 1,315 1,403
 Highway tolls 548 561
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 30,735 30,218
 Gasoline 38,430 38,214
 Recreation, entertainment, and shopping 147,144 140,011
 Recreation and entertainment 59,094 58,210
 Motion pictures and performing arts 9,466 9,278
 Spectator sports 4,294 3,788
 Participant sports 9,954 9,665
 Gambling 21,760 22,370
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 13,620 13,116
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 88,050 81,784

 Commodity 2002 2003

All tourism goods and services 525,313 541,835
 Traveler accommodations 90,897 93,952
 Food and beverage services 83,015 86,680
 Transportation 209,083 210,818
 Passenger transportation 87,020 89,900
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 65,770 70,213
 International passenger air services 21,533 20,597
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 121,791 120,848
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 1,230 1,269
 Passenger water transportation
 services 6,385 7,700
 Intercity bus services 4,633 1,652
 Intercity charter bus services 841 810
 Local bus and other transportation
 services 2,730 2,658
 Taxicab services 3,088 2,811
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 2,033 2,016
 Automotive rental and leasing 19,136 18,848
 Other vehicle rental and leasing 463 468
 Automotive repair services 12,244 10,768
 Parking 1,436 1,608
 Highway tolls 599 648
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 31,756 33,311
 Gasoline 38,449 36,705
 Recreation, entertainment, and shopping 142,182 149,878
 Recreation and entertainment 60,835 64,206
 Motion pictures and performing arts 9,770 9,991
 Spectator sports 4,387 4,503
 Participant sports 9,667 9,788
 Gambling 23,505 25,684
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 13,497 14,258
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 81,290 85,616

 Commodity 2004 2005

All tourism goods and services 575,551 592,308
 Traveler accommodations 97,377 99,167
 Food and beverage services 91,462 95,560
 Transportation 224,855 232,542
 Passenger transportation 99,431 102,076
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 75,723 73,658
 International passenger air services 24,175 27,567
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 125,716 130,610
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 1,377 1,289
 Passenger water transportation
 services 10,827 12,320
 Intercity bus services 1,548 1,444
 Intercity charter bus services 777 740
 Local bus and other transportation
 services 2,698 3,045
 Taxicab services 2,699 2,954
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 2,081 2,162
 Automotive rental and leasing 20,538 21,372
 Other vehicle rental and leasing 549 947
 Automotive repair services 10,074 9,691
 Parking 1,614 1,641
 Highway tolls 642 592
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 34,169 36,756
 Gasoline 37,416 37,937
 Recreation, entertainment, and shopping 157,778 160,215
 Recreation and entertainment 68,224 69,307
 Motion pictures and performing arts 10,346 9,956
 Spectator sports 4,777 4,553
 Participant sports 9,890 10,018
 Gambling 28,215 28,829
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 14,095 14,676
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 94,132 967,071

 Commodity 2006 2007

All tourism goods and services 610,812 622,705
 Traveler accommodations 102,887 104,144
 Food and beverage services 98,572 100,237
 Transportation 238,852 243,681
 Passenger transportation 104,735 107,424
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 73,343 75,144
 International passenger air services 29,819 30,623
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 134,223 136,571
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 1,278 1,357
 Passenger water transportation
 services 12,915 13,888
 Intercity bus services 1,348 1,232
 Intercity charter bus services 790 815
 Local bus and other transportation
 services 3,292 3,372
 Taxicab services 3,126 3,185
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 2,300 2,363
 Automotive rental and leasing 21,437 23,052
 Other vehicle rental and leasing 674 651
 Automotive repair services 9,204 9,330
 Parking 1,460 1,384
 Highway tolls 526 513
 Travel arrangement and reservation
 services 38,859 40,505
 Gasoline 39,187 38,673
 Recreation, entertainment, and shopping 164,760 168,493
 Recreation and entertainment 70,387 71,671
 Motion pictures and performing arts 9,713 9,585
 Spectator sports 4,742 4,871
 Participant sports 9,660 9,944
 Gambling 29,767 30,130
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 14,910 15,408
 Nondurable PCE commodities other
 than gasoline 101,497 104,760

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

Table D. Annual Growth in Prices for Tourism
Commodities in 2002-2007

[Percent change from preceding period]

 Commodity 2002 2003 2004

All tourism goods and services -0.5 2.8 3.6
 Traveler accommodations -0.8 1.6 5.7
 Food and beverage services 2.7 2.1 3.1
 Transportation -3.2 4.7 3.8
 Passenger air transportation -5.8 3.4 -1.1
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services -9.7 2.8 -2.3
 International passenger air
 transportation services 4.6 4.6 1.6
 All other transportation-related
 commodities -1.5 5.6 7.2
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 4.5 -7.5 -3.5
 Passenger water
 transportation services -3.7 -8.0 -1.5
 Intercity bus services 3.2 3.7 3.8
 Intercity charter bus services 3.0 4.1 2.5
 Local bus and other
 transportation services 1.6 5.0 4.5
 Taxicab services 2.2 7.2 6.0
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 3.0 4.1 2.5
 Automotive rental and leasing 5.0 3.2 1.2
 Other vehicle rental and
 leasing 0.4 8.3 7.6
 Automotive repair services 3.7 2.8 1.7
 Parking 3.6 2.8 4.4
 Highway tolls -2.4 2.2 8.4
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services -3.0 -0.3 3.7
 Gasoline -6.3 16.7 18.1
 Recreation, entertainment, and
 shopping 2.1 2.1 2.6
 Recreation and entertainment 2.1 2.1 2.6
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts 3.4 4.6 3.6
 Spectator sports 4.3 1.8 4.8
 Participant sports 2.6 1.3 2.1
 Gambling 1.6 2.3 2.6
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 2.5 2.5 2.8
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 0.8 0.5 1.7

 Commodity 2005 2006 2007

All tourism goods and services 4.4 4.2 3.6
 Traveler accommodations 5.0 2.6 4.8
 Food and beverage services 3.2 3.1 3.7
 Transportation 6.1 6.6 3.7
 Passenger air transportation 3.0 5.6 2.5
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 2.5 5.7 0.3
 International passenger air
 transportation services 4.2 5.5 6.1
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 8.2 7.2 4.5
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 3.5 7.3 4.7
 Passenger water
 transportation services 1.3 0.2 -0.5
 Intercity bus services 3.6 7.2 0.9
 Intercity charter bus services 2.4 3.5 3.2
 Local bus and other
 transportation services 4.6 2.8 2.0
 Taxicab services 4.7 3.3 2.1
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 2.4 3.5 3.2
 Automotive rental and leasing 0.3 5.9 -0.2
 Other vehicle rental and
 leasing -1.2 1.7 10.3
 Automotive repair services 4.4 4.2 3.5
 Parking 8.1 3.0 3.4
 Highway tolls 12.4 8.4 5.4
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 0.2 3.7 1.4
 Gasoline 21.9 12.9 8.7
 Recreation, entertainment, and
 shopping 2.8 2.8 2.8
 Recreation and entertainment 2.8 2.8 2.8
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts 3.8 3.5 3.9
 Spectator sports 6.3 3.7 4.9
 Participant sports 2.2 3.0 0.9
 Gambling 3.4 3.2 2.9
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 3.0 3.2 3.1
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 1.5 1.7 2.2

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

Table E. Contributions to Annual Growth in the Chain-Type Price
Indexes for Tourism Commodities in 2001-2007
[Percentage points]

 Commodity 2001 2002 2003 2004

All tourism goods and services 0.52 -0.51 2.77 3.56
 Traveler accommodations 0.31 -0.13 0.28 0.98
 Food and beverage services 0.45 0.42 0.35 0.51
 Transportation -0.86 -1.20 1.75 1.43
 Passenger air transportation -0.70 -0.88 0.50 -0.17
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services -1.01 -1.08 0.30 -0.24
 International passenger air
 transportation services 0.31 0.20 0.21 0.07
 All other transportation-related
 commodities -0.16 -0.31 1.25 1.60
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 0.00 0.01 -0.02 -0.01
 Passenger water transportation
 services -0.08 -0.04 -0.09 -0.02
 Intercity bus services 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
 Intercity charter bus services 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00
 Local bus and other
 transportation services 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.02
 Taxicab services 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.03
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01
 Automotive rental and leasing -0.02 0.18 0.12 0.05
 Other vehicle rental and leasing 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
 Automotive repair services 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.03
 Parking 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
 Highway tolls 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 0.06 -0.17 -0.02 0.21
 Gasoline -0.26 -0.43 1.07 1.22
 Recreation, entertainment, and
 shopping 0.61 0.40 0.39 0.64
 Recreation and entertainment 0.34 0.28 0.31 0.36
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.07
 Spectator sports 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.04
 Participant sports 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.04
 Gambling 0.11 0.07 0.11 0.13
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.08
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 0.26 0.12 0.08 0.28

 Commodity 2005 2006 2007

All tourism goods and services 4.38 4.16 3.61
 Traveler accommodations 0.86 0.44 0.89
 Food and beverage services 0.53 0.52 0.73
 Transportation 2.33 2.54 1.32
 Passenger air transportation 0.45 0.82 0.36
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 0.25 0.53 0.03
 International passenger air
 transportation services 0.21 0.30 0.33
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 1.88 1.71 0.97
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 0.01 0.01 0.01
 Passenger water transportation
 services 0.02 0.00 -0.01
 Intercity bus services 0.01 0.02 0.00
 Intercity charter bus services 0.00 0.00 0.00
 Local bus and other
 transportation services 0.02 0.02 0.01
 Taxicab services 0.03 0.02 0.01
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 0.01 0.01 0.01
 Automotive rental and leasing 0.01 0.21 -0.01
 Other vehicle rental and leasing 0.00 0.00 0.01
 Automotive repair services 0.08 0.07 0.05
 Parking 0.02 0.01 0.01
 Highway tolls 0.01 0.01 0.00
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 0.01 0.21 0.08
 Gasoline 1.64 1.12 0.78
 Recreation, entertainment, and
 shopping 0.66 0.65 0.66
 Recreation and entertainment 0.41 0.39 0.33
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts 0.07 0.06 0.06
 Spectator sports 0.06 0.03 0.04
 Participant sports 0.04 0.05 0.01
 Gambling 0.17 0.16 0.14
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 0.08 0.08 0.08
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 0.25 0.27 0.33

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

Table F. Chain-Type Price Indexes for Tourism Commodities
in 2000-2007
[Index numbers, 2000=100]

 Commodity 2000 2001 2002 2003

All tourism goods and services 100.0 100.5 100.0 102.8
 Traveler accommodations 100.0 102.0 101.2 102.8
 Food and beverage services 100.0 103.2 106.0 108.2
 Transportation 100.0 97.7 94.5 98.9
 Passenger air transportation 100.0 95.6 90.1 93.2
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 100.0 91.4 82.5 84.8
 International passenger air
 transportation services 100.0 107.4 112.2 117.5
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 100.0 99.3 97.8 103.3
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 100.0 102.4 107.1 99.0
 Passenger water transportation
 services 100.0 91.9 88.4 81.5
 Intercity bus services 100.0 103.3 106.6 110.5
 Intercity charter bus services 100.0 103.9 107.1 111.4
 Local bus and other
 transportation services 100.0 101.6 103.2 108.4
 Taxicab services 100.0 103.0 105.3 112.8
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 100.0 103.9 107.1 111.5
 Automotive rental and leasing 100.0 99.4 104.4 107.8
 Other vehicle rental and leasing 100.0 100.9 101.3 109.7
 Automotive repair services 100.0 103.6 107.4 110.4
 Parking 100.0 104.5 108.3 111.3
 Highway tolls 100.0 100.3 98.0 100.1
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 100.0 101.1 98.0 97.7
 Gasoline 100.0 96.1 90.0 105.1
 Recreation, entertainment, and
 shopping 100.0 102.5 104.0 105.4
 Recreation and entertainment 100.0 103.4 105.9 108.6
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts 100.0 103.9 107.4 112.3
 Spectator sports 100.0 105.9 110.5 112.5
 Participant sports 100.0 103.4 106.1 107.5
 Gambling 100.0 102.8 104.4 106.8
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 100.0 103.3 105.9 108.6
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 100.0 101.8 102.6 103.1

 Commodity 2004 2005 2006 2007

All tourism goods and services 106.4 111.1 115.7 119.9
 Traveler accommodations 108.7 114.2 117.1 122.7
 Food and beverage services 111.5 115.0 118.6 123.0
 Transportation 102.7 109.0 116.2 120.5
 Passenger air transportation 92.2 94.9 100.2 102.7
 Domestic passenger air
 transportation services 82.9 85.0 89.8 90.1
 International passenger air
 transportation services 119.3 124.3 131.2 139.2
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 110.8 119.9 128.5 134.3
 Passenger rail transportation
 services 95.5 98.9 106.1 111.2
 Passenger water transportation
 services 80.2 81.2 81.4 80.9
 Intercity bus services 114.7 118.9 127.4 128.5
 Intercity charter bus services 114.2 116.9 121.0 124.8
 Local bus and other
 transportation services 113.3 118.4 121.7 124.2
 Taxicab services 119.6 125.2 129.4 132.1
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 114.2 116.9 121.0 124.8
 Automotive rental and leasing 109.1 109.4 115.8 115.6
 Other vehicle rental and leasing 118.0 116.5 118.5 130.6
 Automotive repair services 112.3 117.3 122.2 126.4
 Parking 116.2 125.6 129.4 133.8
 Highway tolls 108.5 122.0 132.2 139.3
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 101.4 101.6 105.3 106.7
 Gasoline 124.0 151.2 170.7 185.5
 Recreation, entertainment, and
 shopping 110.2 113.3 116.5 119.7
 Recreation and entertainment 110.2 113.3 116.5 119.7
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts 116.4 120.8 125.0 129.9
 Spectator sports 117.8 125.2 129.8 136.2
 Participant sports 109.8 112.2 115.5 116.5
 Gambling 109.6 113.3 117.0 120.4
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 111.7 115.0 118.7 122.4
 Nondurable PCE commodities
 other than gasoline 104.9 106.5 108.3 110.6

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

Table G. U.S. International Travel and Tourism in 2001-2007
[Billions of dollars]

 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total international travel
 and tourism 166.4 155.9 152.3 177.2
Inbound travel and tourism 86.3 80.0 76.6 89.6
Outbound travel and tourism 80.1 75.9 75.7 87.6

Net exports of travel and
 tourism 6.2 4.2 0.9 1.9

 2005 2006 2007

Total international travel
 and tourism 190.7 199.9 220.9
Inbound travel and tourism 98.5 103.3 119.6
Outbound travel and tourism 92.2 96.6 101.2

Net exports of travel and
 tourism 6.3 6.7 18.4

Table H. Internal Travel and Tourism in the United States by Residents
and Nonresidents in 2000-2006

 Billions of dollars Share

Year Residents Nonresidents Total Residents Nonresidents
 (inbound) (inbound)

2000 446,578 80,902 527,480 84.7 15.3
2001 436,526 70,737 507,263 86.1 13.9
2002 443,862 65,383 509,244 87.2 12.8
2003 478,332 63,245 541,577 88.3 11.7
2004 518,231 73,362 591,593 87.6 12.4
2005 552,148 80,341 632,489 87.3 12.7
2006 593,725 83,981 677,706 87.6 12.4

Table I. National Travel and Tourism in the United States and Abroad
in 2000-2006

 Billions of dollars Percent

Year In the Abroad In the Abroad
 United (outbound) Total United (outbound)
 States States

2000 446,578 99,508 546,087 81.8 18.2
2001 436,526 93,911 530,437 82.3 17.7
2002 443,862 90,224 534,085 83.1 16.9
2003 478,332 91,872 570,204 83.9 16.1
2004 518,231 107,909 626,140 82.8 17.2
2005 552,148 117,260 669,408 82.5 17.5
2006 593,725 125,820 719,544 82.5 17.5

Table J. Domestic Travel and Tourism by Type of Visitor
in 2000-2006

 Billions of dollars

Year Resident Business Government Total
 households

2000 274,177 156,956 20,565 451,699
2001 278,072 139,331 24,281 441,683
2002 283,455 139,679 25,715 448,849
2003 307,202 151,296 25,291 483,790
2004 332,975 165,601 27,433 526,009
2005 354,122 178,842 28,659 561,624
2006 379,666 193,695 30,182 603,543

 Percent

Year Resident Business Government
 households

2000 60.7 34.7 4.6
2001 63.0 31.5 5.5
2002 63.2 31.1 5.7
2003 63.5 31.3 5.2
2004 63.3 31.5 5.2
2005 63.1 31.8 5.1
2006 62.9 32.1 5.0

Table K. Travel and Tourism as a Share of Gross Domestic Product
in 2000-2006

 Billions of dollars Percent

Year Gross domestic Tourism Tourism value added
 product (GDP) value added as share of GDP

2000 9,817.0 289.5 2.95
2001 10,128.0 283.4 2.80
2002 10,469.6 285.2 2.72
2003 10,960.8 297.9 2.72
2004 11,685.9 317.2 2.71
2005 12,433.9 328.2 2.64
2006 13,194.7 349.2 2.65

Table L. Contributions to Growth in Employment by
Tourism in 2001-2007
[Percentage points)

 Industry 2001 2002 2003 2004

All tourism industries -1.32 -3.01 -0.07 1.81
 Traveler accommodations -0.65 -0.84 -0.00 0.21
 Nonfarm residential tenant occupied
 permanent site 0.00 -0.01 -0.00 0.01
 Food services and drinking places -0.22 0.49 1.08 1.43
 Transportation -0.12 -2.07 -1.33 -0.30
 Air transportation services -0.07 -1.35 -0.74 -0.11
 All other transportation-related
 industries -0.04 -0.72 -0.59 -0.19
 Rail transportation services -0.01 0.02 0.01 -0.05
 Water transportation services 0.02 -0.01 0.01 0.11
 Interurban bus transportation 0.02 0.00 -0.02 -0.01
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 0.01 -0.03 -0.02 0.02
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation 0.01 -0.04 0.02 0.02
 Taxi service -0.02 -0.12 -0.08 -0.01
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services -0.01 -0.03 -0.01 0.01
 Automotive equipment rental and
 leasing 0.00 -0.10 -0.07 -0.02
 Automotive repair services 0.06 0.07 -0.15 -0.08
 Parking lots and garages 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.01
 Toll highways 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services -0.11 -0.42 -0.28 -0.16
 Petroleum refineries 0.00 -0.01 0.00 -0.01
 Gasoline service stations -0.03 -0.08 -0.04 -0.02
 Recreation, entertainment,
 and shopping -0.28 -0.48 0.20 0.43
 Recreation and entertainment 0.18 -0.04 0.18 0.29
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts -0.03 0.01 0.01 -0.01
 Spectator sports -0.04 0.07 0.03 0.07
 Participant sports 0.10 -0.06 0.10 0.15
 Gambling 0.16 -0.04 0.01 0.10
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 0.00 0.00 0.03 -0.01
 Shopping -0.46 -0.44 0.02 0.14
 Industries producing nondurable
 PCE commodities, excluding
 petroleum refineries -0.31 -0.20 -0.08 0.00
 Retail trade services, excluding
 gasoline service stations -0.16 -0.24 0.11 0.14
 All other industries -0.05 -0.10 -0.02 0.03
 All other industries, excluding
 wholesale trade and
 transportation services -0.03 0.08 -0.02 -0.02
 Wholesale trade and transportation
 services -0.02 -0.18 0.00 0.05

 Industry 2005 2006 2007

All tourism industries 1.04 0.58 1.68
 Traveler accommodations 0.22 0.05 0.35
 Nonfarm residential tenant occupied
 permanent site -0.00 0.01 0.00
 Food services and drinking places 1.24 0.39 0.69
 Transportation -0.15 0.02 0.27
 Air transportation services -0.30 -0.08 0.15
 All other transportation-related
 industries 0.15 0.10 0.12
 Rail transportation services -0.01 0.00 0.01
 Water transportation services 0.10 0.05 0.01
 Interurban bus transportation -0.01 -0.01 0.00
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation -0.01 -0.01 0.00
 Urban transit systems and other
 transportation 0.12 0.05 0.04
 Taxi service 0.06 0.05 0.03
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 0.01 -0.01 0.01
 Automotive equipment rental and
 leasing 0.01 -0.01 -0.02
 Automotive repair services -0.05 -0.03 0.00
 Parking lots and garages 0.01 0.00 0.01
 Toll highways 0.00 -0.01 0.00
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services -0.07 -0.03 0.01
 Petroleum refineries 0.00 0.01 0.01
 Gasoline service stations -0.01 0.04 0.01
 Recreation, entertainment,
 and shopping -0.33 -0.09 0.32
 Recreation and entertainment 0.08 -0.11 0.27
 Motion pictures and performing
 arts -0.04 0.01 0.01
 Spectator sports 0.01 0.02 0.05
 Participant sports 0.06 0.03 0.08
 Gambling 0.09 -0.07 0.10
 All other recreation and
 entertainment -0.04 -0.10 0.03
 Shopping -0.40 0.02 0.05
 Industries producing nondurable
 PCE commodities, excluding
 petroleum refineries -0.18 -0.05 -0.02
 Retail trade services, excluding
 gasoline service stations -0.22 0.07 0.07
 All other industries 0.04 0.20 0.06
 All other industries, excluding
 wholesale trade and
 transportation services 0.09 0.06 -0.00
 Wholesale trade and transportation
 services -0.05 0.14 0.06

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

Table M. Direct Employment by Tourism Industry in 2001-2007
[Thousands of employees]

 Industry 2001 2002 2003 2004

All tourism industries 5,756 5,583 5,579 5,679
 Traveler accommodations 1,367 1,319 1,319 1,331
 Nonfarm residential tenant
 occupied permanent site 10 9 9 9
 Food services and drinking places 1,608 1,636 1,697 1,777
 Transportation 1,327 1,208 1,134 1,117
 Air transportation services 592 515 473 467
 All other transportation-related
 industries 735 693 660 650
 Rail transportation services 11 12 12 10
 Water transportation services 28 27 28 34
 Interurban bus transportation 25 25 24 23
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 23 21 20 21
 Urban transit systems and
 other transportation 49 47 48 49
 Taxi service 55 491 44 44
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 20 18 18 18
 Automotive equipment rental
 and leasing 109 104 100 98
 Automotive repair services 57 61 53 48
 Parking lots and garages 11 12 13 14
 Toll highways 4 4 5 5
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 250 226 210 202
 Petroleum refineries 8 8 8 7
 Gasoline service stations 85 81 78 77
 Recreation, entertainment, and
 shopping 1,190 1,162 1,173 1,197
 Recreation and entertainment 596 594 603 620
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts 32 33 33 33
 Spectator sports 53 57 58 62
 Participant sports 214 210 216 224
 Gambling 172 169 170 175
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 125 125 126 126
 Shopping 594 569 570 578
 Industries producing
 nondurable PCE
 commodities, excluding
 petroleum refineries 185 174 169 169
 Retail trade services,
 excluding gasoline service
 stations 409 395 401 408
 All other industries 254 248 247 249
 All other industries, excluding
 wholesale trade and
 transportation services 75 80 79 77
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation services 179 169 169 171

 Industry 2005 2006 2007

All tourism industries 5,739 5,772 5,869
 Traveler accommodations 1,343 1,347 1,367
 Nonfarm residential tenant
 occupied permanent site 9 10 10
 Food services and drinking places 1,847 1,869 1,909
 Transportation 1,108 1,110 1,125
 Air transportation services 450 446 454
 All other transportation-related
 industries 658 664 671
 Rail transportation services 9 9 10
 Water transportation services 40 43 44
 Interurban bus transportation 23 22 22
 Interurban charter bus
 transportation 21 20 20
 Urban transit systems and
 other transportation 56 59 61
 Taxi service 47 49 51
 Scenic and sightseeing
 transportation services 18 18 19
 Automotive equipment rental
 and leasing 99 98 97
 Automotive repair services 46 44 44
 Parking lots and garages 14 14 15
 Toll highways 5 4 4
 Travel arrangement and
 reservation services 198 196 197
 Petroleum refineries 7 7 8
 Gasoline service stations 77 79 79
 Recreation, entertainment, and
 shopping 1,179 1,174 1,192
 Recreation and entertainment 624 618 633
 Motion pictures and
 performing arts 30 31 31
 Spectator sports 63 64 67
 Participant sports 227 229 234
 Gambling 180 176 182
 All other recreation and
 entertainment 123 117 119
 Shopping 555 556 559
 Industries producing
 nondurable PCE
 commodities, excluding
 petroleum refineries 159 156 155
 Retail trade services,
 excluding gasoline service
 stations 396 400 404
 All other industries 251 263 266
 All other industries, excluding
 wholesale trade and
 transportation services 83 86 86
 Wholesale trade and
 transportation services 169 177 180

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

Table N. Revisions to Real Growth in Direct Tourism Output and
Employment In 2004-2007
[Percent change]

Direct Tourism Output

 2004

 Commodity group Previously Revised Revision
 published

All tourism commodities 5.9 6.2 0.3
 Traveler accommodations 4.1 3.6 -0.4
 Passenger air transportation 9.1 10.6 1.5
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 4.1 4.0 -0.1
 Food services and drinking places 5.1 5.5 0.4
 Recreation and entertainment 5.2 5.1 -0.1
 Shopping 9.0 9.9 0.9

 2005

 Commodity group Previously Revised Revision
 published

All tourism commodities 2.9 2.9 0.0
 Traveler accommodations 2.2 1.8 -0.3
 Passenger air transportation 5.3 2.7 -2.7
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 1.9 3.9 2.0
 Food services and drinking places 4.9 4.5 -0.4
 Recreation and entertainment 0.8 1.6 0.8
 Shopping 2.4 2.7 0.4

 2006

 Commodity group Previously Revised Revision
 published

All tourism commodities 2.5 3.1 0.6
 Traveler accommodations 2.8 3.8 0.9
 Passenger air transportation 1.2 2.6 1.4
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 0.5 2.8 2.3
 Food services and drinking places 4.8 3.2 -1.6
 Recreation and entertainment 3.0 1.6 -1.4
 Shopping 3.5 5.0 1.4

 2007

 Commodity group Previously Revised Revision
 published

All tourism commodities 2.1 1.9 -0.2
 Traveler accommodations 1.9 1.2 -0.7
 Passenger air transportation 2.1 2.6 0.4
 All other transportation-related
 commodities 2.7 1.7 -0.9
 Food services and drinking places 1.6 1.7 0.1
 Recreation and entertainment 1.1 1.8 0.7
 Shopping 2.8 3.2 0.4

Direct Tourism Employment

 2004

 Industry group Previously Revised Revision
 published

All tourism industries 1.8 1.8 0.0
 Traveler accommodations 0.8 0.2 -0.6
 Air transportation services -1.8 -1.3 0.5
 All other transportation-related
 industries -1.5 -1.6 -0.1
 Food and beverage services 4.4 4.7 0.3
 Recreation and entertainment 3.5 2.7 -0.8
 Shopping 1.6 1.4 -0.3
 All other industries 1.0 0.6 -0.4

 2005

 Industry group Previously Revised Revision
 published

All tourism industries 1.6 1.0 -0.6
 Traveler accommodations 1.5 0.2 -1.2
 Air transportation services -0.9 -3.6 -2.8
 All other transportation-related
 industries 1.2 1.3 0.1
 Food and beverage services 3.4 4.0 0.6
 Recreation and entertainment 2.0 0.7 -1.3
 Shopping -2.0 -4.0 -2.0
 All other industries 2.8 1.0 -1.8

 2006

 Industry group Previously Revised Revision
 published

All tourism industries 1.2 0.6 -0.6
 Traveler accommodations 1.1 0.1 -1.0
 Air transportation services -2.5 -1.0 1.6
 All other transportation-related
 industries 0.5 0.8 0.3
 Food and beverage services 2.7 1.2 -1.5
 Recreation and entertainment 1.4 -1.0 -2.5
 Shopping -0.2 0.2 0.4
 All other industries 2.3 4.5 2.2

 2007

 Industry group Previously Revised Revision
 published

All tourism industries n.a. 1.7 n.a.
 Traveler accommodations n.a. 0.4 n.a.
 Air transportation services n.a. 1.9 n.a.
 All other transportation-related
 industries n.a. 1.0 n.a.
 Food and beverage services n.a. 2.1 n.a.
 Recreation and entertainment n.a. 2.5 n.a.
 Shopping n.a. 0.5 n.a.
 All other industries n.a. 1.2 n.a.

n.a. not available