Gross State Product by Industry, 1995-97.

Beemiller, Richard M. ; Wells, Michael T.

IN THIS article, the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) presents new estimates of gross state product (GSP) for 1997 and revised estimates for 1995-96.(1) The new and revised GSP estimates are consistent with the estimates of gross product by industry for the Nation that were published in the November 1998 SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS.(2) The GSP estimates presented here incorporate the results of the most recent annual revisions of State personal income and of the national income and product accounts.(3) The next update of GSP will take place in mid- to late-2000.

The first part of this article discusses the relative performance of various States in terms of growth rates, industry shares of State totals, and State shares of total GSP for the Nation. The second part discusses the revisions to the GSP estimates and the major sources of the revisions.

Growth Rates and Shares

Comparisons of GSP growth rates and shares of GSP across industries or States provide indications of the relative performance of industries or States. For example, comparing real gross state product growth rates shows the relative performance of particular industries or States. Comparisons can be made of the relative growth rates of real gross state product of a State's various industries or the industries' contributions to the growth rate of that State's economy as a whole. Likewise, comparing the share of total GSP in current dollars that is accounted for by the GSP of an industry over time indicates whether that industry's relative claim on the State's resources is increasing or decreasing.

Real growth rates

The rate of growth in real GSP for the Nation in 1996-97 was 4.3 percent (table 1).(4) Real GSP increased in all States except Hawaii.

Table 1.--Percent Change in Real Gross State Product, 1996-97

 Agri-
 Total culture, Construc-
 gross state forest, Mining tion
 product and
 fishing

 United States 4.3 11.7 6.7 2.2

New England 4.8 7.6 6.9 1.8
 Connecticut 5.3 8.6 -16.7 2.5
 Maine 3.5 -1.6 30.8 -1.7
 Massachusetts 4.4 10.7 9.6 2.6
 New Hampshire 7.5 8.7 20.0 .7
 Rhode Island 4.6 3.7 0 1.4
 Vermont 2.9 8.1 5.7 -1.8

Mideast 2.8 3.0 10.1 1.4
 Delaware 2.5 8.6 20.0 1.4
 District of Columbia .4 15.4 20.0 4.7
 Maryland 3.7 4.5 11.6 3.4
 New Jersey 2.8 2.9 26.4 2.2
 New York 2.5 2.8 4.6 .1
 Pennsylvania 3.3 2.1 9.9 1.3

Great Lakes 4.1 15.1 5.6 2.0
 Illinois 4.4 10.8 -6.0 1.4
 Indiana 3.6 18.2 13.8 2.8
 Michigan 3.8 16.3 15.6 3.3
 Ohio 4.1 28.8 3.1 1.3
 Wisconsin 4.5 3.4 10.8 1.4

Plains 4.2 2.3 6.5 .8
 Iowa 5.0 10.0 8.2 -.8
 Kansas 5.0 14.6 4.4 1.6
 Minnesota 4.5 -4.2 14.6 2.3
 Missouri 4.2 22.5 2.2 1.4
 Nebraska 3.0 -10.6 7.5 -3.1
 North Dakota .6 -23.9 6.0 -3.1
 South Dakota 1.7 -1.4 1.3 1.7

Southeast 4.1 13.5 6.9 2.0
 Alabama 3.2 17.3 5.9 1.1
 Arkansas 3.4 8.8 7.6 -1.5
 Florida 3.4 9.1 2.3 -.3
 Georgia 5.1 16.3 4.5 .9
 Kentucky 4.6 31.6 6.4 3.3
 Louisiana 3.6 -2.6 7.0 1.8
 Mississippi 3.0 5.4 5.8 1.6
 North Carolina 5.6 18.0 13.2 6.6
 South Carolina 4.2 15.6 8.0 1.9
 Tennessee 4.3 19.1 17.8 3.2
 Virginia 4.0 7.0 8.6 4.2
 West Virginia .9 12.5 7.1 -1.8

Southwest 6.5 28.1 6.9 1.8
 Arizona 6.7 10.7 9.2 2.4
 New Mexico 5.8 25.4 6.7 -2.2
 Oklahoma 3.9 53.1 5.6 -4.2
 Texas 6.8 27.8 7.0 2.6

Rocky Mountain 5.6 20.1 10.6 4.0
 Colorado 6.5 18.3 48.1 4.8
 Idaho 4.6 12.5 3.4 -1.1
 Montana 3.4 32.5 7.8 2.3
 Utah 6.3 20.5 6.2 6.0
 Wyoming 3.1 37.6 .2 3.1

Far West 5.0 10.8 2.2 3.9
 Alaska .4 2.8 -1.0 -3.1
 California 5.0 13.1 4.4 4.7
 Hawaii -.2 6.9 -4.0 -10.2
 Nevada 4.6 11.6 3.8 5.1
 Oregon 7.6 11.6 7.0 3.2
 Washington 5.5 .5 5.1 4.4

 Transpor-
 Manufac- ration and Wholesale Retail
 turing public trade trade
 utilities

 United States 5.9 2.9 9.3 7.2

New England 6.4 1.7 10.6 7.2
 Connecticut 6.0 1.1 13.8 6.3
 Maine 5.4 1.6 7.0 7.4
 Massachusetts 5.7 2.0 9.0 7.3
 New Hampshire 12.8 2.4 14.2 9.8
 Rhode Island 2.0 2.2 7.5 7.7
 Vermont 7.2 -1.0 5.2 6.2

Mideast 3.0 .3 8.3 6.5
 Delaware -3.6 .8 5.5 8.2
 District of Columbia -1.4 -1.8 5.3 -.1
 Maryland 5.4 .2 8.4 6.8
 New Jersey 1.6 1.6 9.3 5.1
 New York 1.7 -1.0 7.8 7.0
 Pennsylvania 5.6 1.4 8.1 6.8

Great Lakes 5.3 2.1 9.3 6.7
 Illinois 7.2 3.5 8.7 6.9
 Indiana 4.6 -.9 9.0 6.1
 Michigan 4.0 2.7 9.9 7.3
 Ohio 4.1 1.4 10.0 6.2
 Wisconsin 7.5 1.8 8.8 6.7

Plains 6.2 4.2 8.5 6.9
 Iowa 8.2 2.1 9.7 5.7
 Kansas 6.0 3.6 9.9 8.4
 Minnesota 6.3 4.8 7.6 7.6
 Missouri 4.0 3.4 8.2 6.3
 Nebraska 5.7 10.7 9.6 6.7
 North Dakota 12.6 .8 7.0 6.8
 South Dakota 10.5 1.2 7.1 7.1

Southeast 3.4 2.2 9.0 7.5
 Alabama 3.5 -1.7 7.4 7.3
 Arkansas 3.9 -.9 6.9 8.3
 Florida 3.4 1.8 8.1 6.5
 Georgia 4.2 4.0 11.2 6.9
 Kentucky 5.5 2.5 8.7 7.8
 Louisiana 1.5 1.6 9.6 8.1
 Mississippi 3.0 -.3 7.9 7.4
 North Carolina 3.6 2.1 10.2 8.5
 South Carolina 3.8 -.1 10.0 8.6
 Tennessee 3.2 4.9 9.5 8.2
 Virginia 2.5 5.0 7.6 7.4
 West Virginia -3.2 -2.3 5.7 6.1

Southwest 10.2 5.9 12.3 7.5
 Arizona 13.3 4.4 12.6 8.7
 New Mexico 22.8 2.0 7.6 7.2
 Oklahoma 6.0 1.7 7.3 5.3
 Texas 9.2 6.9 13.0 7.6

Rocky Mountain 5.9 4.1 10.4 8.9
 Colorado 5.2 5.2 12.4 9.1
 Idaho 8.8 2.2 8.6 7.5
 Montana 3.0 .5 5.5 6.2
 Utah 6.2 5.2 8.4 11.1
 Wyoming -.4 1.4 10.0 4.9

Far West 10.5 4.6 8.8 7.3
 Alaska -1.6 3.6 2.7 4.8
 California 9.9 4.5 8.4 7.2
 Hawaii -.9 1.6 3.4 2.6
 Nevada 6.2 4.9 12.1 11.0
 Oregon 18.8 1.7 12.8 8.5
 Washington 7.2 8.8 9.2 7.4

 Finance,
 insurance, Services Govern-
 and real ment
 estate

 United States 3.2 3.7 .9

New England 4.8 4.1 1.0
 Connecticut 6.3 4.5 -.6
 Maine 3.1 3.4 .2
 Massachusetts 3.1 4.6 1.4
 New Hampshire 7.8 2.6 2.0
 Rhode Island 9.6 1.7 3.1
 Vermont .4 1.0 1.9

Mideast 2.9 2.4 .1
 Delaware 4.2 6.0 .1
 District of Columbia 3.6 -2.2 1.4
 Maryland 3.1 4.5 1.2
 New Jersey 2.1 2.5 .8
 New York 3.3 2.0 -.2
 Pennsylvania 1.9 3.1 -1.4

Great Lakes 2.7 2.9 1.0
 Illinois 3.8 2.4 1.1
 Indiana 1.1 4.1 -1.3
 Michigan 1.0 2.1 2.5
 Ohio 3.3 3.5 .6
 Wisconsin 2.3 3.3 1.0

Plains 2.8 3.9 .6
 Iowa 3.6 2.0 .9
 Kansas 2.7 4.0 .4
 Minnesota 3.7 4.6 0
 Missouri 2.4 3.6 1.8
 Nebraska 1.5 4.6 -.2
 North Dakota 1.0 3.4 -1.3
 South Dakota -5.3 2.6 -.9

Southeast 3.4 4.2 1.3
 Alabama 2.1 3.5 .4
 Arkansas 1.1 3.4 1.9
 Florida 1.4 4.1 2.5
 Georgia 5.0 4.9 2.2
 Kentucky 1.5 3.0 .1
 Louisiana 2.9 2.4 1.5
 Mississippi 1.1 3.9 1.1
 North Carolina 8.7 5.1 2.5
 South Carolina 3.3 4.4 2.0
 Tennessee 3.7 4.2 -1.3
 Virginia 4.2 5.7 -.2
 West Virginia -.4 1.6 1.4

Southwest 3.5 6.1 1.6
 Arizona 4.8 6.1 1.6
 New Mexico .4 .6 .7
 Oklahoma .8 3.1 -.3
 Texas 3.7 6.9 2.1

Rocky Mountain 4.0 5.1 1.6
 Colorado 4.0 6.0 1.7
 Idaho -2.0 4.2 1.6
 Montana .3 1.9 -.8
 Utah 6.5 5.1 3.2
 Wyoming 15.1 .7 -.6

Far West 3.1 3.4 1.0
 Alaska 2.1 1.1 -2.4
 California 3.7 2.9 .9
 Hawaii -2.8 -1.0 2.4
 Nevada 2.8 2.6 3.7
 Oregon .4 3.7 1.6
 Washington 2.0 8.5 .4

By State, the growth rates ranged from an increase of 7.6 percent in Oregon to a decline of 0.2 percent in Hawaii. The five States with the fastest rates of growth in real GSP were Oregon (7.6 percent), New Hampshire (7.5 percent), Texas (6.8 percent), Arizona (6.7 percent), and Colorado (6.5 percent) (chart 1).

[CHART 1 OMITTED]

In Oregon, the major contributor to the growth in real GSP was durable goods manufacturing, mainly electronic and other electric equipment (table 2).(5) In New Hampshire, the major contributors were durable goods manufacturing, mainly electronic and other electric equipment; and finance, insurance, and real estate. In Texas, the major contributors were durable goods manufacturing and services. In Arizona, the major contributors were durable goods manufacturing, mainly electronic and other electric equipment; and services, mainly business services. In Colorado, the major contributor was services, mainly business services.

Table 2.--Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross State
Product, 1996-97

 Percent
 change Agri-
 in real culture, Construc-
 gross forestry, Mining tion
 state and
 product fishing

 United States 4.3 0.2 0.1 .1

New England 4.8 .1 0 .1
 Connecticut 5.3 .1 0 .1
 Maine 3.5 0 0 -.1
 Massachusetts 4.4 .1 0 .1
 New Hampshire 7.5 .1 0 0
 Rhode Island 4.6 0 0 0
 Vermont 2.9 .2 0 -.1

Mideast 2.8 0 0 0
 Delaware 2.5 .1 0 0
 District of Columbia .4 0 0 0
 Maryland 3.7 0 0 .2
 New Jersey 2.8 0 0 .1
 New York 2.5 0 0 0
 Pennsylvania 3.3 0 .1 .1

Great Lakes 4.1 .2 0 .1
 Illinois 4.4 .1 0 .1
 Indiana 3.6 .3 .1 .1
 Michigan 3.8 .2 .1 .1
 Ohio 4.1 .3 0 .1
 Wisconsin 4.5 .1 0 .1

Plains 4.2 .1 0 0
 Iowa 5.0 .7 0 0
 Kansas 5.0 .6 .1 .1
 Minnesota 4.5 .1 .1 .1
 Missouri 4.2 .4 0 .1
 Nebraska 3.0 -1.0 0 -.1
 North Dakota .6 -2.3 .2 -.2
 South Dakota 1.7 .1 0 .1

Southeast 4.1 .2 .1 .1
 Alabama 3.2 .3 .1 0
 Arkansas 3.4 .4 .1 -.1
 Florida 3.4 .2 0 0
 Georgia 5.1 .3 0 0
 Kentucky 4.6 .7 .2 .1
 Louisiana 3.6 0 1.1 .1
 Mississippi 3.0 .2 .1 .1
 North Carolina 5.6 .4 0 .3
 South Carolina 4.2 .2 0 .1
 Tennessee 4.3 .2 .1 .1
 Virginia 4.0 .1 0 .2
 West Virginia .9 .1 .6 -.1

Southwest 6.5 .4 .4 .1
 Arizona 6.7 .2 .1 .1
 New Mexico 5.8 .4 .5 -.1
 Oklahoma 3.9 1.1 .3 -.1
 Texas 6.8 .4 .5 .1

Rocky Mountain 5.6 .5 .5 .2
 Colorado 6.5 .3 .8 .3
 Idaho 4.6 .7 0 -.1
 Montana 3.4 1.5 .1 .1
 Utah 6.3 .2 .2 .3
 Wyoming 3.1 .7 0 .1

Far West 5.0 .2 0 .2
 Alaska .4 0 -.2 -.1
 California 5.0 .3 0 .2
 Hawaii -.2 .1 0 -.5
 Nevada 4.6 .1 .1 .4
 Oregon 7.6 .3 0 .2
 Washington 5.5 0 0 .2

 Transpor-
 Manufac- tation and Wholesale Retail
 turing public trade trade
 utilities

 United States 1.0 0.2 0.6 0.6

New England 1.1 .1 .7 .6
 Connecticut 1.0 .1 .9 .5
 Maine .9 .1 .4 .8
 Massachusetts .8 .1 .7 .6
 New Hampshire 3.1 .2 .9 .8
 Rhode Island .3 .2 .4 .7
 Vermont 1.3 -.1 .3 .6

Mideast .4 0 .5 .5
 Delaware -.8 0 .2 .5
 District of Columbia 0 -.1 .1 0
 Maryland .5 0 .5 .6
 New Jersey .2 .2 .8 .4
 New York .2 -.1 .5 .5
 Pennsylvania 1.1 .1 .5 .6

Great Lakes 1.3 .2 .7 .6
 Illinois 1.3 .3 .7 .6
 Indiana 1.4 -.1 .5 .6
 Michigan 1.0 .2 .7 .7
 Ohio 1.1 .1 .7 .6
 Wisconsin 2.0 .1 .6 .6

Plains 1.2 .4 .6 .6
 Iowa 2.0 .2 .7 .5
 Kansas 1.1 .4 .8 .8
 Minnesota 1.2 .4 .6 .7
 Missouri 1.0 .3 .6 ,6
 Nebraska .8 1.1 .7 .6
 North Dakota 1.0 .1 .6 .2
 South Dakota 1.3 .1 .4 .6

Southeast .6 .2 .6 .7
 Alabama .7 -.2 .5 .7
 Arkansas .9 -.1 .4 .8
 Florida .3 .2 .6 .7
 Georgia .7 .1 1.0 .6
 Kentucky 1.5 .2 .5 .7
 Louisiana .2 .1 .5 .7
 Mississippi .7 0 .4 .7
 North Carolina 1.0 .2 .7 .7
 South Carolina 1.0 0 .6 .9
 Tennessee .7 .4 .7 .9
 Virginia .4 .4 .4 .6
 West Virginia -.6 -.3 .3 .5

Southwest 1.6 .6 .8 .7
 Arizona 1.9 .3 .8 .9
 New Mexico 3.5 .2 .3 .7
 Oklahoma 1.0 .2 .4 .5
 Texas 1.4 .7 .9 .7

Rocky Mountain .7 .4 .6 .9
 Colorado .6 .6 .8 .9
 Idaho 1.7 .2 .5 .7
 Montana .2 .1 .4 .6
 Utah 1.0 .4 .5 1.1
 Wyoming 0 .2 .3 .3

Far West 1.4 .4 .6 .6
 Alaska -.1 .5 .1 .3
 California 1.4 .3 .6 .6
 Hawaii 0 .2 .1 .3
 Nevada .3 .4 .6 1.0
 Oregon 4.4 .1 1.0 .7
 Washington .9 .7 .7 .7

 Finance,
 insurance, Services Govern-
 and real ment
 estate

 United States 0.6 0.7 0.1

New England 1.2 1.0 .1
 Connecticut 1.8 1.0 -.1
 Maine .6 .6 0
 Massachusetts .8 1.2 .1
 New Hampshire 1.7 .5 .2
 Rhode Island 2.2 .4 .4
 Vermont .1 .4 .2

Mideast .7 .6 0
 Delaware 1.6 .8 0
 District of Columbia .6 -.7 .5
 Maryland .7 1.0 .2
 New Jersey .5 .6 .1
 New York 1.0 .5 0
 Pennsylvania .4 .7 -.1

Great Lakes .5 .5 .1
 Illinois .8 .5 .1
 Indiana .1 .6 -.1
 Michigan .2 .4 .3
 Ohio .5 .6 .1
 Wisconsin .4 .6 .1

Plains .4 .7 .1
 Iowa .5 .4 .1
 Kansas .4 .8 .1
 Minnesota .7 .9 0
 Missouri .3 .7 .2
 Nebraska .2 .8 0
 North Dakota .2 .6 -.2
 South Dakota -1.1 .4 -.1

Southeast .5 .8 .2
 Alabama .3 .6 .1
 Arkansas .1 .5 .2
 Florida .3 1.0 .3
 Georgia .8 .9 .3
 Kentucky .2 .5 0
 Louisiana .4 .4 .2
 Mississippi .1 .6 .2
 North Carolina 1.3 .8 .3
 South Carolina .4 .7 .3
 Tennessee .5 .8 -.2
 Virginia .7 1.1 0
 West Virginia 0 .3 .2

Southwest .5 1.1 .2
 Arizona .9 1.3 .2
 New Mexico .1 .1 .1
 Oklahoma .1 .5 0
 Texas .5 1.3 .2

Rocky Mountain .6 1.0 .2
 Colorado .8 1.3 .2
 Idaho .3 .7 .2
 Montana 0 1.0 -.1
 Utah 1.1 1.0 .5
 Wyoming 1.5 .1 -.1

Far West .7 .8 .1
 Alaska .2 .1 -.5
 California .9 .7 .1
 Hawaii -.6 -.2 .5
 Nevada .5 .9 .4
 Oregon .1 .6 .2
 Washington .4 1.8 .1

The five States with the slowest rates of growth in real GSP were Hawaii (-0.2 percent), Alaska (0.4 percent), North Dakota (0.6 percent), West Virginia (0.9 percent), and South Dakota (1.7 percent). In Hawaii, the decline reflected declines in finance, insurance, and real estate, mainly real estate, and in construction. In Alaska, the slow growth reflected declines in government, mainly State and local government; and in mining, mainly oil and gas extraction. In North Dakota, the slow growth reflected a decline in agriculture, forestry, and fishing, mainly farms. In West Virginia, the slow growth reflected a decline in nondurable goods manufacturing, mainly chemicals and allied products. In South Dakota, the slow growth reflected a decline in finance, insurance, and real estate.

Shares of current-dollar GSP

Industry shares.--In 1996-97, the share of U.S. current-dollar GSP accounted for by private services-producing industries increased 0.5 percentage point, from 63.4 percent to 63.9 percent (table 3).(6) The share accounted for by private goods-producing industries declined 0.2 percentage point, from 24.4 percent to 24.2 percent.(7) The share accounted for by government declined 0.3 percentage point, from 12.2 percent to 11.9 percent.(8)

[TABULAR DATA 3 NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]

For individual States, the changes in industry shares show more variation. By State, the change in the share of the private services-producing industries ranged from increases of more than 2.0 percentage points in Delaware, North Dakota, and Nebraska to declines of 0.7 percentage point in New Mexico and 0.6 percentage point in Oregon. In Delaware, the largest increase in share was in finance, insurance, and real estate, mainly depository institutions and holding and other investment offices; in North Dakota, the largest increase was in services, mainly business services; and in Nebraska, the largest increase was in transportation and public utilities, mainly communications. In New Mexico, the largest decline was in services, mainly "other" services. In Oregon, the largest declines were in transportation and public utilities, mainly communications; and in finance, insurance, and real estate, mainly depository institutions.

The changes in the share of the private goods-producing industries ranged from an increase of 1.2 percentage points in New Mexico to declines of more than 2.0 percentage points in North Dakota, Nebraska, and Delaware. In New Mexico, the largest increase was in durable goods manufacturing, mainly electronic and other electric equipment. In North Dakota and Nebraska, the largest declines were in agriculture, forestry, and fishing, mainly farms. In Delaware, the largest decline was in nondurable goods manufacturing, mainly chemicals and allied products.

The changes in the share for government ranged from an increase of 0.4 percentage point in Hawaii to a decline of 0.7 percentage point in Virginia. In Hawaii, the increase in share was in Federal civilian and State and local government. In Virginia, the decline was in Federal civilian and Federal military government.

State shares.--Chart 2 shows the relative size of the State economies in terms of each State's share of current-dollar GSP for the Nation. The 14 States having the largest GSP accounted for nearly two-thirds of the U.S. total; the five largest States are California (12.7 percent), New York (8.0 percent), Texas (7.4 percent), Illinois (4.9 percent), and Florida (4.7 percent). The 21 States having the smallest GSP--mostly States in the western and in the northeastern parts of the Nation--accounted for slightly more than 10 percent of the U.S. total.

[CHART 2 OMITTED]

Revisions to the Estimates

In general, the revisions to GSP as a percentage of the previously published estimates for 1995-96 are small. However, the revisions for 1996 are larger than those for 1995, mainly reflecting the incorporation of newly available source data from the Census Bureau's 1996 Annual Survey of Manufactures.

Impact of the revisions

Current-dollar estimates.--For 1996, the five States with the largest upward percentage revisions were Oregon, Delaware, New Hampshire, Hawaii, and Utah (table 4). The five States with the largest downward percentage revisions were South Dakota, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Tennessee. The revisions for all these States mainly reflect the statistical changes incorporated into the current-dollar estimates of GSP for these industries: Manufacturing in all of these States except Hawaii and South Dakota; finance, insurance, and real estate in Delaware, Hawaii, South Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Michigan; transportation and public utilities in Hawaii and South Dakota; retail trade in Hawaii and Utah; and services in Hawaii.

Table 4.--Revisions to Gross State Product in Current Dollars,
1995-96

 1995

 Millions of dollars Percentage
 of
 Previously Revised Revision previously
 published published

 United States 7,228,287 7,231,814 3,527 0

New England 412,932 413,286 354 .1
 Connecticut 118,595 118,615 20 0
 Maine 27,748 27,751 3 0
 Massachusetts 195,874 195,664 -210 -.1
 New Hampshire 31,802 32,242 440 1.4
 Rhode Island 25,046 25,147 101 .4
 Vermont 13,867 13,867 0 0

Mideast 1,381,126 1,383,912 2,786 .2
 Delaware 26,947 27,813 866 3.2
 District of
 Columbia 49,686 49,512 -174 -.4
 Maryland 137,353 138,127 774 .6
 New Jersey 266,134 266,702 568 .2
 New York 587,714 589,506 1,792 .3
 Pennsylvania 313,293 312,252 -1,041 -.3

Great Lakes 1,178,334 1,173,069 -5,265 -.4
 Illinois 352,932 353,639 707 .2
 Indiana 148,801 147,383 -1,418 -1.0
 Michigan 251,794 247,725 -4,069 -1.6
 Ohio 292,103 292,076 -27 0
 Wisconsin 132,704 132,246 -458 .3

Plains 481,161 479,534 -1,627 -.3
 Iowa 71,362 70,929 -433 -.6
 Kansas 64,146 63,466 -680 -1.1
 Minnesota 131,358 131,072 -286 -.2
 Missouri 137,483 137,701 218 .2
 Nebraska 43,673 43,637 -36 -.1
 North Dakota 14,477 14,248 -229 -1.6
 South Dakota 18,662 18,481 -181 -1.0

Southeast 1,580,725 1,580,418 -307 0
 Alabama 94,988 94,948 -40 0
 Arkansas 53,358 53,144 -214 -.4
 Florida 339,033 338,651 -382 -.1
 Georgia 200,751 200,152 -599 -.3
 Kentucky 90,617 90,073 -544 -.6
 Louisiana 112,944 112,497 -447 -.4
 Mississippi 53,647 53,748 101 .2
 North Carolina 192,219 193,635 1,416 .7
 South Carolina 85,270 85,137 -133 -.2
 Tennessee 134,873 134,489 -384 -.3
 Virginia 186,986 188,002 1,016 .5
 West Virginia 38,039 35,942 -97 -.3

Southwest 727,527 726,843 1,316 .2
 Arizona 103,951 103,638 -313 -.3
 New Mexico 40,759 41,004 245 .6
 Oklahoma 68,611 68,335 -276 -.4
 Texas 514,206 515,866 1,660 .3

Rocky Mountain 213,825 214,318 493 .2
 Colorado 107,903 108,259 356 .3
 Idaho 26,885 26,861 -24 -.1
 Montana 17,722 17,567 -155 -.9
 Utah 45,554 46,023 469 1.0
 Wyoming 15,761 15,608 -153 -1.0

Far West 1,252,657 1,250,432 5,775 .5
 Alaska 23,674 23,207 -467 -2.0
 California 913,474 918,928 5,454 .6
 Hawaii 36,034 36,681 647 1.8
 Nevada 48,670 48,448 -222 -.5
 Oregon 80,805 80,713 -92 -.1
 Washington 150,001 150,455 454 .3

 1996

 Millions of dollars Percentage
 of
 Previously Revised Revision previously
 published published

 United States 7,631,022 7,629,503 -1,519 0

New England 435,880 436,130 250 .1
 Connecticut 124,046 124,555 509 .4
 Maine 28,894 28,669 -225 -.8
 Massachusetts 208,591 207,256 -1,335 -.6
 New Hampshire 34,108 35,106 998 2.9
 Rhode Island 25,629 25,955 326 1.3
 Vermont 14,611 14,589 -22 -.2

Mideast 1,440,922 1,447,609 6,687 .5
 Delaware 28,331 29,208 877 3.1
 District of
 Columbia 51,197 50,282 -915 -1.8
 Maryland 143,190 144,849 1,659 1.2
 New Jersey 276,377 279,238 2,861 1.0
 New York 613,287 621,188 7,901 1.3
 Pennsylvania 328,540 322,845 -5,695 -1.7

Great Lakes 1,233,424 1,227,110 -6,314 -.5
 Illinois 370,778 370,430 -348 -.1
 Indiana 155,797 154,227 -1,570 -1.0
 Michigan 263,336 259,201 -4,135 -1.6
 Ohio 304,353 303,569 -784 -.3
 Wisconsin 139,160 139,683 523 .4

Plains 514,201 510,551 -3,650 -.7
 Iowa 76,315 76,466 151 .2
 Kansas 68,014 67,407 -607 -.9
 Minnesota 141,573 140,930 -643 -.5
 Missouri 145,123 143,664 -1,459 -1.0
 Nebraska 47,187 46,974 -213 -.5
 North Dakota 15,701 15,620 -81 -.5
 South Dakota 20,289 19,489 -800 -3.9

Southeast 1,674,519 1,663,501 -11,018 -.7
 Alabama 99,190 98,474 -716 -.7
 Arkansas 56,417 56,111 -306 -.5
 Florida 360,496 360,271 -225 -.1
 Georgia 216,033 214,436 -1,597 -.7
 Kentucky 95,410 94,473 -937 -1.0
 Louisiana 121,143 117,633 -3,510 -2.9
 Mississippi 56,406 55,757 -649 -1.2
 North Carolina 204,229 203,485 -744 -.4
 South Carolina 89,476 88,343 -1,133 -1.3
 Tennessee 140,750 138,761 -1,989 -1.4
 Virginia 197,809 198,560 751 .4
 West Virginia 37,160 37,196 36 .1

Southwest 778,815 781,898 3,083 .4
 Arizona 111,520 111,911 391 .4
 New Mexico 42,698 42,571 -127 -.3
 Oklahoma 72,767 72,690 -77 -.1
 Texas 551,830 554,726 2,896 .5

Rocky Mountain 229,833 230,442 609 .3
 Colorado 116,227 116,164 -63 -.1
 Idaho 27,898 27,833 -65 -.2
 Montana 18,509 18,268 -241 -1.3
 Utah 50,352 51,196 844 1.7
 Wyoming 16,847 16,981 134 .8

Far West 1,323,429 1,332,263 8,834 .7
 Alaska 24,161 23,990 -171 -.7
 California 962,696 966,778 4,082 .4
 Hawaii 36,317 36,992 675 1.9
 Nevada 53,687 53,449 -238 -.4
 Oregon 86,967 90,906 3,939 4.5
 Washington 159,602 160,148 546 .3

Real growth rates.--For 1995-96, the five States with the largest upward revisions to the growth rates of real GSP were Oregon, Alaska, Wyoming, North Dakota, and New Hampshire (table 5). The States with the largest downward revisions were South Dakota, Delaware, Louisiana, and Hawaii. The revisions for all these States mainly reflect the incorporation of statistical changes into the current- dollar estimates.

Table 5.--Revisions to Percent Change in Real Gross State Product,
Selected Years

[Percentage points]

 1994-95

 Previously
 published Revised Difference

 United States 2.6 2.9 0.3

New England 3.2 2.7 -.5
 Connecticut 3.0 2.1 -.9
 Maine 2.1 1.9 -.2
 Massachusetts 3.2 2.7 -.5
 New Hampshire 6.9 8.0 1.1
 Rhode Island 2.3 2.4 .1
 Vermont .3 .3 0

Mideast 1.7 1.2 -.5
 Delaware 3.6 2.0 -1.6
 District of Columbia .3 -2.2 -2.5
 Maryland .8 .8 0
 New Jersey 1.7 1.6 -.1
 New York 1.1 .5 -.6
 Pennsylvania 3.2 2.7 -.5

Great Lakes 2.9 2.1 -.8
 Illinois 2.5 2.1 -.4
 Indiana 3.4 2.3 -1.1
 Michigan 2.6 .7 -1.9
 Ohio 3.4 3.0 -.4
 Wisconsin 3.1 2.3 -.8

Plains 3.0 2.3 -.7
 Iowa 2.4 1.5 -.9
 Kansas 1.5 .1 -1.4
 Minnesota 3.0 2.4 -.6
 Missouri 4.1 3.9 -.2
 Nebraska 2.1 1.5 -.6
 North Dakota 4.0 2.0 -2.0
 South Dakota 4.1 2.7 -1.4

Southeast 3.5 3.2 -.3
 Alabama 3.4 3.0 -.4
 Arkansas 3.5 3.0 -.5
 Florida 2.8 2.4 -.4
 Georgia 5.2 4.6 -.6
 Kentucky 3.6 2.8 -.8
 Louisiana 6.7 5.8 -.9
 Mississippi 3.7 3.9 .2
 North Carolina 3.4 4.0 .6
 South Carolina 3.1 2.8 -.3
 Tennessee 3.1 2.7 -.4
 Virginia 2.1 2.2 .1
 West Virginia 2.6 2.0 -.6

Southwest 4.2 4.2 0
 Arizona 6.7 6.2 -.5
 New Mexico -.6 .6 1.2
 Oklahoma 2.3 1.5 -.8
 Texas 4.4 4.5 .1

Rocky Mountain 5.3 4.9 -.4
 Colorado 4.9 4.5 -.4
 Idaho 8.3 8.1 -.2
 Montana 2.7 1.4 -1.3
 Utah 5.7 6.2 .5
 Wyoming 4.4 3.3 -1.1

Far West 2.5 2.6 .1
 Alaska 5.5 3.5 -2.0
 California 2.3 2.6 .3
 Hawaii -2.0 -2.2 -.2
 Nevada 5.7 4.9 -.8
 Oregon 6.2 5.9 -.3
 Washington 1.1 1.0 -.1

 1995-96

 Previously Revised Difference
 published

 United States 3.2 3.6 0.4

New England 3.6 3.6 0
 Connecticut 2.6 2.8 .2
 Maine 2.4 1.9 -.5
 Massachusetts 4.4 3.9 -.5
 New Hampshire 5.9 7.9 2.0
 Rhode Island .2 1.1 .9
 Vermont 3.3 3.7 .4

Mideast 2.4 2.6 .2
 Delaware 6.3 3.6 -2.7
 District of Columbia 2.4 -1.3 -3.7
 Maryland 2.0 2.5 .5
 New Jersey 1.7 2.7 1.0
 New York 2.5 3.3 .8
 Pennsylvania 2.8 1.8 -1.0

Great Lakes 3.0 3.1 .1
 Illinois 3.5 3.2 -.3
 Indiana 3.2 3.4 .2
 Michigan 2.6 2.9 .3
 Ohio 2.6 2.5 -.1
 Wisconsin 3.3 4.2 .9

Plains 4.2 4.1 -.1
 Iowa 4.1 5.5 1.4
 Kansas 2.8 3.5 .7
 Minnesota 5.5 5.4 -.1
 Missouri 3.3 2.3 -1.0
 Nebraska 4.6 4.6 0
 North Dakota 4.3 6.3 2.0
 South Dakota 5.1 2.3 -2.8

Southeast 3.5 3.1 -.4
 Alabama 2.6 2.2 -.4
 Arkansas 3.2 3.5 .3
 Florida 3.7 4.2 .5
 Georgia 5.2 5.1 -.1
 Kentucky 3.3 3.1 -.2
 Louisiana 2.0 -.6 -2.6
 Mississippi 2.9 1.9 -1.0
 North Carolina 3.8 3.2 -.6
 South Carolina 3.3 2.4 -.9
 Tennessee 2.4 1.5 -.9
 Virginia 3.5 3.3 -.2
 West Virginia 2.1 2.5 .4

Southwest 3.6 4.4 .8
 Arizona 5.5 6.7 1.2
 New Mexico 2.1 2.3 .2
 Oklahoma 2.6 3.3 .7
 Texas 3.5 4.2 .7

Rocky Mountain 4.8 5.0 .2
 Colorado 5.2 4.7 -.5
 Idaho 1.6 2.5 .9
 Montana 2.0 1.9 -.1
 Utah 8.3 9.2 .9
 Wyoming .7 2.8 2.1

Far West 3.2 3.7 .5
 Alaska -5.6 -2.2 3.4
 California 2.9 3.0 .1
 Hawaii -.1 -1.2 -1.1
 Nevada 7.8 8.1 .3
 Oregon 5.9 11.9 6.0
 Washington 3.7 4.1 .4

Major sources of the revisions

For the industries that had a major impact on the States with large revisions to current-dollar GSP, the sources of the revisions were either revisions to the national estimates of GPO by industry or revisions to the State source data.

For manufacturing, the revisions reflect the incorporation of newly available data on value-added-in-production by State from the Census Bureau.

For the finance portion of finance, insurance, and real estate, the revisions mainly reflect the incorporation of the revised estimates of national GPO for holding and other investment offices and the incorporation of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation data on deposits by State for depository institutions. For the real estate portion, the revisions mainly reflect the incorporation of new source data for property taxes by State from the Census Bureau.

For the transportation portion of transportation and public utilities, the revisions mainly reflect the incorporation of income and expense data by company for air carriers; for the public utilities portion, the revisions mainly reflect the incorporation of revised

State personal income estimates of proprietors' income by State for electric, gas, and sanitary services.

For retail trade, the revisions mainly reflect the incorporation of new source data for sales taxes by State. For services, the revisions mainly reflect the incorporation of the revised estimates of national GPO.

Acknowledgments

The estimates of gross state product (GSP) were prepared by staff in the Regional Economic Analysis Division under the direction of John R. Kort, Chief, and George K. Downey, Chief of the Gross State Product by Industry Branch. Hugh W. Knox, Associate Director for Regional Economics, provided general guidance.

Contributing staff members were Richard M. Beemiller, Gerard P. Aman, Michael T. Wells, Clifford H. Woodruff III, John S. Barrett, Gloria I. Paniagua, and Melissa J. Pechan.

(1.) For the previously published estimates of GSP, see Richard M. Beemiller and George K. Downey, "Gross State Product by Industry, 1977-96" SURVEY Or CURRENT BUSINESS 78 (June 1998): 15-37.

(2.) See Sherlene K.S. Lum and Brian C. Moyer, "Gross Product by Industry, 1995-97;" SURVEY 78 (November 1998): 20-40.

(3.) See Wallace K. Bailey, "State Personal Income, Revised Estimates for 1982-97," SURVEY 78 (October 1998): 20-41; and Eugene P. Seskin, "Annual Revision of the National Income and Product Accounts," Survey 78 (August 1998): 7-35.

(4.) The rate of growth in real GDP--BEA'S featured measure of the Nation's output--was 3.9 percent in 1996-97. GSP for the Nation differs from GDP for three reasons. First, GSP, like GPO, is derived from gross domestic income (GDI), which differs from GDP by the statistical discrepancy. Second, GSP excludes, and GDP and GPO include, the compensation of Federal civilian and military personnel stationed abroad and government consumption of fixed capital for military structures located abroad and for military equipment, except domestically located office equipment. Third, GSP and GDP often have different revision schedules. For an accounting of the differences (in current dollars) in 1997 between GSP for the Nation and GPO, see appendix B. For a discussion of the relationship between GPO and GDP, see Lum and Moyer, "Gross Product by Industry" 20.

(5.) In table 2, an exact formula for attributing GSP growth to the industries is used, so these estimates provide accurate measures of the contributions of the industries to the percentage change in real GSP for 1996-97. See the box "Calculation of Industry Contributions to Changes in Real GSP" and Lum and Moyer, "Gross Product by Industry" 24-25.

(6.) Private services-producing industries are defined to consist of transportation and public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and "services."

(7.) Private goods-producing industries are defined to consist of agriculture, forestry, and fishing; mining; construction; and manufacturing.

(8.) A decline in share does not necessarily indicate a decline in the level of GSP. For example, the share of government declined, but GSP for government increased $34.8 billion (see table 3).

RELATED ARTICLE: Gross State Product Estimates

GSP for each State is derived as the sum of the gross state product originating in all industries in the State. In concept, an industry's GSP, or its value added, is equivalent to its gross output (sales or receipts and other operating income, commodity taxes, and inventory change) minus its intermediate inputs (consumption of goods and services purchased from other U.S. industries or imported). Thus, GSP is often considered the State counterpart of the Nation's gross domestic product (GDP). In practice, GSP and the national estimates of gross product originating (GPO) by industry are measured as the sum of the distributions by industry of the components of gross domestic income--that is, the sum of the costs incurred and incomes earned in the production of GDP.(1)

The GSP estimates are prepared for 63 industries (see appendix A). For each industry, GSP is presented in three components: Compensation of employees, indirect business tax and nontax liability, and "property-type income."(2) The relation between these components and the components of GPO is shown in appendix B.

The estimates of GSP are prepared in current dollars (see table 6, which follows the text) and in chained (1992) dollars (see table 7). State estimates of GSP and its components for all industries are "controlled" to national totals of GPO and its components for all industries.(3) The estimates of real GSP are derived by applying national implicit price deflators to the current-dollar GSP estimates for the 63 detailed industries. Then, the same chain-type index formula used in the national accounts is used to calculate the estimates of total real GSP and real GSP at a more aggregate industry level.(4)

[TABULAR DATA 6-7 NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]

Real GSP is an inflation-adjusted measure of each State's gross product that is based on national prices for the goods and services produced within that State. Real GSP may reflect a substantial volume of output that is sold to other States and countries. To the extent that a State's output is produced and sold in national markets at relatively uniform prices (or sold locally at national prices), GSP does a reasonable job of capturing the differences across States that reflect the relative differences in the mix of goods and services that the States produce. However, real GSP does not capture geographic differences in the prices of goods and services that are produced and sold locally.

(1.) The difference between GDP and gross domestic income is the statistical discrepancy. In the national estimates of GSP by industry, the statistical discrepancy is not allocated by industry. In the GSP estimates, insufficient information is available for allocating the statistical discrepancy to States. For more information on the statistical discrepancy, see Robert P. Parker and Eugene P. Seskin, "Annual Revision of the National Income and Product Accounts;' SURVEY 77 (August 1997): 19.

(2.) Property-type income is the sum of corporate profits, proprietors' income, rental income of persons, net interest, capital consumption allowances, business transfer payments, and the current surplus of government enterprises less subsidies. Property-type income at both the national and State levels includes proprietors' income as a capital share of production; however, some portion of proprietors' income represents the labor share of production.

(3.) If the initial sum of the State estimates differs from the national total for an industry, the difference between the national total and the sum-of-State total is allocated to the States according to the State distribution of the initial estimates.

(4.) For additional information, see J. Steven Landefeld and Robert P. Parker, "SEA'S Chain Indexes, Time Series, and Measures of Long-Term Economic Growth," SURVEY 77 (May 1997): 58-68; and Howard L. Friedenberg and Richard M. Beemiller, "Comprehensive Revision of Gross State Product by Industry, 1977-94" SURVEY 77 (June 1997): 28-29.

RELATED ARTICLE: Calculation of Industry Contributions to Changes in Real asp

For current-dollar GSP, the sum of the component industries is equal to total GSP, so the changes in total GSP can be expressed as the sum of the changes in the component industries. This relationship can also be expressed in terms of percent changes by dividing by total GSP for year t - 1:

[MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]

where [GSP.sub.Total,t] is the value for total asp in year t, and [C.sub.i],t is the value of GSP for component industry i in year t.

However, for real GSP, a modified formula is used because chained-dollar measures of GSP by industry are not necessarily additive to total GSP. Specifically, an industry's contribution to the total percent change in real asp for years following the base year is calculated as

[MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]

where [MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] is the implicit price deflator for total GSP in year t, [MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] - 1 is the chained-dollar value for total GSP in year t - 1, [MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] is the Paasche price index for total GSP in year t, Pi,t is the price index for industry i in year t, and qi,t is the quantity produced by industry i in year t.

This formula can be expanded to yield

[MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]

Because the State variables that represent the composites of prices in one year and quantities in another (such as Pi,t-1qi,t) are not directly observable, the contributions to growth are actually calculated using the following algebraically equivalent formula, which consists of combinations of prices and quantities for the same year and indexes of relative prices for years t and t - 1:

[MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]

This formula changes somewhat when the contributions to growth for years preceding the base year are calculated.

For more information, see Eugene P. Seskin and Robert P. Parker, "A Guide to the NIPA'S," SURVEY 78 (March 1998): 38-39.

RELATED ARTICLE: Data Availability

This article presents summary estimates of gross state product (GSP) by major industry group. The following GSP estimates for 63 industries for States, BEA regions, and the United States are available from BEA on the CD-ROM Gross Product by Industry for the United States and States: Current-dollar estimates of asp and its three components--compensation of employees, indirect business tax and nontax liability, and property-type income--and real GSP estimates in chain-type quantity indexes for 1977-97 and in chained (1992) dollars for 1982-97.(1) The CD-ROM includes a data-retrieval program that allows users to view or print selected records from the database and selected analytical tables and charts. Users may also export selected data to a file for importation into computer spreadsheets. To order, call the BEA Order Desk at 1-800-704-0415 (outside the United States, call 202-606-9666) and specify product number MCN--0231, price $35.00.

The GSP estimates and other regional economic information are available on BEA'S Web site at <www. bea. doc.gov>. They are also available by subscription from the Commerce Department's STAT-USA on the Economic Bulletin Board and the Internet; to subscribe, call 202-482-1986, or go to <www. stat-usa.gov>.

For further information, E-mail <gspread@ bea.doc.gov> or call 202-606-5340.

(1.) The following measures for the United States are also available on the CD-ROM: Gross product by industry for 1947-97, detailed gross output for 1977-97, value of manufacturing product shipments for 1977-96, value of manufacturing industry shipments for 1977-97, and detailed indirect business taxes for 1978-97.

Appendixes A and B and tables 6 and 7 follow.

Appendix A.--Industries for Which Gross State Product Estimates
Are Available

 1987
 SIC
 code

Private industries ...

 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing A
 Farms 01-02
 Agricultural services, forestry, and fishing 07-09

 Mining B
 Metal mining 10
 Coal mining 12
 Oil and gas extraction 13
 Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels 14

 Construction C

 Manufacturing D

 Durable goods ...
 Lumber and wood products 24
 Furniture and fixtures 25
 Stone, clay, and glass products 32
 Primary metal industries 33
 Fabricated metal products 34
 Industrial machinery and equipment 35
 Electronic and other electric equipment 36
 Motor vehicles and equipment 371
 Other transportation equipment 372-79
 Instruments and related products 38
 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 39

 Nondurable goods ...
 Food and kindred products 20
 Tobacco products 21
 Textile mill products 22
 Apparel and other textile products 23
 Paper and allied products 26
 Printing and publishing 27
 Chemicals and allied products 28
 Petroleum and coal products 29
 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products 30
 Leather and leather products 31

 Transportation and public utilities E
 Transportation ...
 Railroad transportation 40
 Local and interurban passenger transit 41
 Trucking and warehousing 42
 Water transportation 44
 Transportation by air 45
 Pipelines, except natural gas 46
 Transportation services 47
 Communications 48
 Electric, gas, and sanitary services 49

 Wholesale trade F

 Retail trade G

 Finance, insurance, and real estate H
 Depository institutions 60
 Nondepository institutions 61
 Security and commodity brokers 62
 Insurance carriers 63
 Insurance agents, brokers, and service 64
 Real estate 65
 Holding and other investment offices 67

 Services I
 Hotels and other lodging places 70
 Personal services 72
 Business services 73
 Auto repair, services, and parking 75
 Miscellaneous repair services 76
 Motion pictures 78
 Amusement and recreation services 79
 Health services 80
 Legal services 81
 Educational services 82
 Social services 83
 Membership organizations 86
 Other services 84, 87, 89
 Private households 88

 Government J
 Federal civilian 91-96
 Federal military 97
 State and local 91-96

NOTE.--The tables of gross product originating (GPO) by industry for the Nation that were published in the November 1998 SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS present estimates for all of the industries shown in this table except Federal civilian and Federal military. In addition, the GPO tables present estimates for the following industries: Telephone and telegraph; radio and television; non-farm housing services; other real estate; Federal general government; Federal government enterprises; State and local general government; and State and local government enterprises.

SIC Standard Industrial Classification. See Executive Office of the President Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual 1987 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1987).

Appendix B.--Relation of Gross State Product (GSP) to Gross Product
Originating (GPO) for 1997

[Billions of dollars]

 GSP

Total 8,103.2
 Compensation of employees 4,675.5
 Wage and salary accruals (2)3,887.0
 Supplements to wages and salaries:
 Employer contributions for social insurance (3)395.8
 Other labor income (4)392.7
 Indirect business tax and nontax liability 627.2
 Property-type income 2,800.6
 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation
 adjustment:
 Farm 43.0
 Nonfarm 485.9
 Rental income of persons 208.6
 Corporate profits with inventory valuation 642.2
 adjustment
 Net interest 535.9
 Business transfer payments 35.1
 Less: Subsidies less current surplus of government 21.9
 enterprises
 Private capital consumption allowances 768.7
 Government consumption of fixed capital:
 Federal (5)22.0
 State and local 81.1

 GPO

Total (1)8,166.7
 Compensation of employees 4,690.3
 Wage and salary accruals 3,896.6
 Supplements to wages and salaries:
 Employer contributions for social insurance 400.7
 Other labor income 392.9
 Indirect business tax and nontax liability 627.2
 Property-type income 2,849.2
 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation
 adjustment:
 Farm 43.0
 Nonfarm 485.9
 Rental income of persons 208.6
 Corporate profits with inventory valuation 642.2
 adjustment
 Net interest 535.9
 Business transfer payments 35.1
 Less: Subsidies less current surplus of government 21.9
 enterprises
 Private capital consumption allowances 768.7
 Government consumption of fixed capital:
 Federal 70.8
 State and local 81.1

 GSP less
 GPO

Total -63.3
 Compensation of employees -14.8
 Wage and salary accruals -9.6
 Supplements to wages and salaries:
 Employer contributions for social insurance -5.0
 Other labor income -.2
 Indirect business tax and nontax liability 0
 Property-type income -48.6
 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation
 adjustment:
 Farm 0
 Nonfarm 0
 Rental income of persons 0
 Corporate profits with inventory valuation 0
 adjustment
 Net interest 0
 Business transfer payments 0
 Less: Subsidies less current surplus of government 0
 enterprises
 Private capital consumption allowances 0
 Government consumption of fixed capital:
 Federal -48.6
 State and local 0

1. Equals gross domestic income (GDI) from the national income and product accounts, GDI differs from gross domestic product (GDP) because it excludes the statistical discrepancy.

2. GSP excludes the wages and salaries of Federal civilian and military personnel stationed abroad.

3. GSP excludes employer contributions for social insurance of Federal civilian and military personnel stationed abroad.

4. GSP excludes other labor income of Federal civilian personnel stationed abroad.

5. GSP excludes the consumption of fixed capital for military equipment, except domestically located office equipment, and for military structures located abroad.

NOTE.--For definitions of the line items shown in this table, see "A Guide to the NIPA's," SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS 78 (March 1998): 27-34.3