Ranking economics journals, economics departments, and economists using teaching-focused research productivity. (Targeting Teaching).

Lo, Melody ; Wong, M.C. Sunny ; Mixon, Franklin G., Jr. 等

1. Introduction

Previous studies have accurately asserted that rankings of economists' research output and economics departments can be just as important to academic economists as the ESPN football poll is to college football coaches (Gibbons and Fish 1991; Mixon and Upadhyaya 2001). As a result of this importance, economists have produced a substantial amount of research on individual, department, and journal rankings over the past 30 years. Much of this literature stream has examined the productivity of traditional forms of economics research in order to rank economists and institutions.

This study constructs new rankings of economics journals, economics departments, and economists that are based on (i) a tabulation of citations to economic education articles published in the economics literature since 1991 and (ii) a tabulation of the number of economic education articles (and pages) published since 1991. (1) Given this methodology, our ranking emphasizes teaching-focused research. Thus, our construct offers an interesting alternative to economics journal, department, and faculty rankings that is based on the productivity of traditional types of economics research.

2. Journal Ranking Methodology and Results

To construct our teaching-focused research ranking of economics journals, departments, and faculty we examined published articles that list one or more of the economic education classification codes from the Journal of Economic Literature (hereafter, JEL): A200-A290. The JEL redefined its classification codes for indexing economics research in 1991, so our ranking construct includes all JEL-classified journal articles in economic education from 1991 through April 2005. Overall, there are 1535 articles within our time frame.

Table 1 lists the top 20 economics journals with regard to the quantity of production of economic education research. Of course, some journals specialize in this area of economics research (e.g., Journal of Economic Education; JEE), while others publish only an occasional piece in the genre (e.g., Economic Inquiry; EI). Thus, the ranking in Table 1 reflects this element. At the top of the list, with 429 articles (since 1991), is the JEE. The American Economic Review (AER) is ranked fifth (54 articles), while the Journal of Economic Perspectives (JEP) is 13th (24 articles). A few well-known regional associations' general journals are also in the top 20. Among these are the Southern Economic Journal (SEJ) in seventh place (34 articles) and EI in 16th place (16 articles).

To account for the relative importance of economics journals in the field of economic education, we first tabulate the number of economic education articles that are contained in the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) for each journal. A total of 831 of the 1535 articles published since 1991 that list the JEL codes for economic education are contained in the SSCI. Next, we identified the importance of journals in the field of economic education by examining total citations as well as total citations per article received by a journal's economic education articles published since 1991. The top 20 journals (plus ties) using each of these methods are presented in Table 2. Not surprisingly, the JEE also tops the list, with 963 total citations. The JEL comes in second (262 total citations), while the AER is ranked third (230 total citations). Rounding out the top five using the total citations methodology are the JEP and EI.

When total citations per economic education article are used, the JEL tops the list with 32.75 citations per article. EI, the AER, and the JEP are 12th, 13th, and 14th on the list, respectively, using this method. The JEL sometimes publishes lengthy articles on the status of economic education and the training of economists. The AER, which appears as number 13 in the ranking, is similar in this regard. The AER usually devotes a section of its May issue each year to research in economic education. Among the others mentioned above are EI, which has included a "Teaching Tools" section in past issues, and the JEP, which has historically included a "Classroom Games" feature in various issues. As made apparent by the rankings in Table 2, the JEL, AER, and EI have published teaching-focused articles quite productively. Interestingly, the JEE falls to 18th (2.24 citations per article), just behind the Review of Economics and Statistics (REStat), using the citations-per-article method depicted in Table 2. This lower relative position in the overall hierarchy is most likely due to the large volume of work produced since 1991 by the JEE. (2) Perhaps the productivity of the JEE is better depicted by the fact that the JEE has published 10 of the 25 most productive teaching-focused articles (based on total citations) since 1991. This is twice as many (or more) as any of the other journals appearing in Table 2. Lastly, new entrants into the top 10 using this approach (see Table 2) are represented by the interesting trio of the Economic Journal (EJ), the Journal of Economic History, and the Journal of Labor Research, to name just a few.

Researchers sometimes criticize number of citation counts (as those reported in Table 2), concerned that this number may not be a robust proxy of what is really of interest because this number does not differentiate the quality of citations from different journals. To account for this criticism, Liebowitz and Palmer (1984) introduced an "impact-adjusted" citation method, in which they adjust citation counts, using an iterative procedure, by a measure of the influence of the citing journals. The impact-adjusted citation method has been a popular method in the economics ranking literature since Liebowitz and Palmer (1984). For example, Kalaitzidakis, Mamuneas, and Stengos (2003) used the impact-adjusted citation method to construct a journal ranking that includes a large list of economics journals (covering all different research fields). Following the formula (detailed in the note for Table 3) for the impact-adjusted citation method outlined in Kalaitzidakis, Mamuneas, and Stengos (2003, p. 1352), we produce a ranking of economics journals based on teaching-focused research productivity that accounts for impact and self-citations adjusted citations per page. This ranking is presented in column 1 of Table 3. For reference purposes, the index from the ranking (including all economics journals) constructed in Kalaitzidakis, Mamuneas, and Stengos (2003) is provided in column 4 of Table 3.

Using this approach, the JEL is the highest ranked journal, and it is followed in succession by the REStat, the AER, EI, and the EJ. It is interesting that the Economics of Education Review (EER) is ranked sixth using this method, while the JEE is 10 places below, at 15th. This result supports rankings in Kodrzycki and Yu (2006) indicating that the EER consistently outranks the JEE. (3) Finally, it is also noteworthy that Applied Economics (ninth) is highly ranked using this procedure, as is the SEJ (13th). As with EI, the SEJ has dedicated a section to economics pedagogy ("Targeting Teaching") in past volumes.

3. Department Ranking Methodology and Results

Author affiliation information was collected from each of the 831 teaching-focused journal articles published since 1991. For co-authorships, each institution represented on an article's byline is recorded "one time only" for that particular article, regardless of the number of times a particular institution appears on that article's byline. Because we focus on ranking only institutions of higher learning, we excluded information on authors affiliated with non-teaching organizations in either the private or public sector. This step-by-step process is followed for all 831 articles. From this procedure/information, an aggregate total citation count for each institution appearing on author bylines among the 831 economic education articles is produced. Information on aggregate citation counts by institution appears in Table 4. Also presented in Table 4 is the number of authors of economic education research for each of these institutions.

Following many other ranking studies in the academic literature, we compiled a ranking of departments based on adjusted citations. This was done by giving proportional credit for an article's citations to each of its authors. For authors with various affiliations, that author's citation credit was further parceled out among his/her various affiliations. As an illustration, suppose an article contained three authors, each affiliated with a distinct institution on his byline, and the article has garnered 15 citations. Each of the three institutions listed on the byline is credited with five cites. If two (or all three) of the authors are affiliated with the same institution, that institution is credited with 10 (or 15) cites. Finally, if any of the authors has a dual affiliation, then each institution listed with that author is credited with 2.5 citations.

This ranking based on proportional citation counts is presented in Table 4. Using this approach, the top five economics departments are located at Vanderbilt University, Indiana University, the University of Wisconsin, the University of Iowa, and the University of Nebraska. Two of these institutions--Indiana University and the University of Nebraska--are home to section editors of the JEE. Thus, their inclusion is not surprising given that both of these institutions place a strong emphasis on economic education research. Also included in the top 25 are well-known liberal arts institutions, such as Denison University (seventh), Oberlin College (18th), and Radcliffe College (22nd). Other well-known private liberal arts institutions included among the top 50 are Occidental College (28th) and Middlebury College (49th). Two public institutions known for their commitment to liberal arts education--Miami University of Ohio (36th) and College of William & Mary (47th)--are also listed among the top 50 economics departments in Table 4.

Interestingly, when the number of authors at each institution is used to rank departments, Vanderbilt, Wisconsin, Nebraska, and Indiana retain lofty rankings, while Iowa falls significantly. Auburn University and Purdue University move to the top (tie) using the number of authors, while Washington State University, Loyola College, the University of Illinois, the University of Wisconsin at Oshkosh, Pomona College, and the University of Pittsburgh all move into higher-ranked positions relative to their rankings based on proportional citations.

For an additional look at how economics departments compare based on teaching-focused research productivity, Table 5 presents a ranking in which the relative importance of journals is considered in order to arrive at total pages published (in the field of economic education). The relative importance of journals can be measured by two sets of journal ranking information provided in Table 3: (i) the impact-adjusted citations per page for economic education journals and (ii) the impact-adjusted citations per page for all economics journals. Using the impact-adjusted citations per page for economic education journals (column 3 in Table 3) as the measure of importance of journals in order to arrive at total pages of publication, Indiana University, the University of Nebraska, and the University of Wisconsin finish first, second, and third, respectively. These three institutions supplant Vanderbilt University, which falls to fourth (see Table 5). Oberlin College (fifth) moves into the top 10, as does California State University at Hayward (eighth). As with the other rankings of economics departments shown above, Table 5 contains a relatively large number of institutions not usually found in departmental rankings that are based on more traditional forms of economics research.

Finally, in order to produce a ranking of economics departments that is perhaps based more on contributions to teaching methods, we examined proportional citations to articles published in the JEE, as well as the number of articles published in the JEE and proportional citations per page for articles in the JEE. (4) This ranking is presented in Table 6. Once again, Vanderbilt University, the University of Nebraska, Indiana University, and the University of Wisconsin are prominently placed in the top 10 institutions. The University of Missouri at Rolla (UMR) and Denison University are both highly ranked institutions as well, supporting the results found in Table 4 for UMR and in Tables 4 and 5 for Denison. Interestingly, with the addition of Illinois State University, Vanderbilt, Nebraska, Indiana, and Wisconsin also sit atop the other departments using the number of articles published in the JEE. As such, this alternative JEE-based approach also generally supports the findings in the other tables.

4. Economists Ranking Methodology and Results

Next, we rank economists by their teaching-focused research productivity (since 1991). To do so we tabulated the articles published listing any of the JEL codes for economic education (i.e., A200--A290) by individual (economist). As Table 7 points out, John Siegfried tops the list with 34 journal publications. Siegfried is followed by William Becker, with 22 articles, and Michael Watts, with 18 articles. The latter two in the top three represent the general editor and a section editor of the JEE. William Walstad, the fifth-ranked scholar based on this measure of teaching-focused research productivity, is also a section editor of the JEE. Other top 10 scholars listed in Table 7 are popular textbook authors David Colander and Peter Kennedy. The latter is also a section editor of the JEE. Table 7 also includes a pages-published measure of teaching-focused research production. Though the top five scholars are the same using either number of articles or pages published, W. Lee Hansen, William Bosshardt, Paul Grimes, and Daniel Underwood are also highly ranked using the pages-published approach.

For comparison with the ranking in Table 7, we tabulated the number of citations to teaching-focused research articles published by individual economists since 1991. These results, presented in Table 8, indicate that John Siegfried and William Becker stand out as the two top economists. The economic education research of Siegfried and Becker has been cited 198 and 170 times, respectively. These figures far surpass those of other scholars in this area. Rounding out the top five using this approach are Hansen, Watts, Deirdre McCloskey, and Stephen Ziliak. Among the other names above, both Walstad (eighth) and Kennedy (12th) continue to rank highly using the total citations approach.

5. Concluding Comments

There has been a substantial amount of research on the ranking of economics journals/ departments and economists that is based on the quantity and/or quality of more traditional forms of economics research. In this paper, we have provided alternative rankings of economics journals/departments and economists that are based on teaching-focused research productivity. Overall, the rankings presented here reflect some consistency with rankings of journals and departments based on more traditional forms of economic research, given that the JEL, the REStat, and the AER generally sit near the top of the journal rankings, while Vanderbilt, Indiana, Duke, and Wisconsin generally sit near the top of the rankings of economics departments. However, there are exceptions in each case, such as EI and Applied Economics in the case of highly ranked economics journals and the University of Nebraska, Denison University, and the California State University at Hayward in the case of highly ranked economics departments. The quality of the journals/institutions and economics scholars appearing in our rankings is indicative of the increasing importance of research in the area of economic education, as well-regarded institutions/scholars and economics journals are evidently engaging resources and publication space in such research.

References

Berger, Mark C., and Frank A. Scott. 1990. Changes in U.S. and Southern economics department rankings over time. Growth and Change 21:21-31.

Conroy, Michael E., and Richard Dusansky. 1995. The productivity of economics departments in the U.S.: Publications in the core journals. Journal of Economic Literature 33:1966-71.

Davis, Paul, and Gustav F. Papanek. 1984. Faculty ratings of major economics departments by citations. American Economic Review 74:225-30.

Dusansky, Richard, and Clayton J. Vernon. 1998. Rankings of U.S. economics departments. Journal of Economic Perspectives 12:157-70.

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Graves, Philip E., James R. Marchand, and Randal Thompson. 1982. Economics departmental rankings: Research incentives, constraints and efficiency. American Economic Review 72:1131-41.

Kalaitzidakis, Pantelis, Theofanis P. Mamuneas, and Thanasis Stengos. 2003. Rankings of academic journals and institutions in economics. Journal of the European Economic Association 6:1346-66.

Kodrzycki, Yolanda K., and Pingkang Yu. 2006. New approaches to ranking economics journals. Journals in Economic" Analysis and Policy: Contributions to Economic Analysis and Policy 5:1-42.

Laband, David N. 1985a. A ranking of the top Canadian economics departments by research productivity of graduates. Canadian Journal of Economics 18:904-7.

Laband, David N. 1985b. Publishing favoritism: A critique of department rankings based on quantitative publishing performance. Southern Economic Journal 52:510-5.

Laband, David N. 1985c. An evaluation of the 50 'ranked' economics departments--By quantity and quality of faculty publications and graduate student placement and research success. Southern Economic Journal 52:216-40.

Laband, David N. 1986. A ranking of the top U.S. economics departments by research productivity of graduates. Journal of Economic Education 17:70-6.

Laband, David N., and Michael J. Piette. 1994. The relative impacts of economics journals: 1970-1990. Journal of Economic Literature 32:640-66.

Liebowitz, S. J., and J. C. Palmer. 1984. Assessing the relative impact of economics journals. Journal of Economic Literature 22:77-88.

Mixon, Franklin G., Jr., and Kamal P. Upadhyaya. 2001. Ranking economics departments in the U.S. South. Applied Economics Letters 8:115-9.

Scott, Loren C., and Peter M. Mitias. 1996. Trends in rankings of economics departments in the U.S.: An update. Economic Inquiry 34:378-400.

The authors thank two anonymous referees of this journal, John Pepper and Charles Sawyer for helpful comments. We thank Helen Au Yeung, Subhashish Sengupta, and Augustina Pesci Gonzalez for collecting the data used in this study. The usual caveat applies.

Received June 2006; accepted June 2007.

(1) Two broad methods of ranking economists and institutions have emerged over time. The first method employs the number of citations to economics publications (using citations databases such as the Social Sciences Citation Index), while the second method examines the number of published articles from a subset of journals in economics and related fields. Since the mid-1970s, the weight of opinion in the profession has tended to support citations-based rankings (see Graves, Marchand, and Thompson 1982; Davis and Papanek 1984; Liebowitz and Palmer 1984; Laband 1985b; Laband and Piette 1994). Examples of rankings research in these two broad categories can be found in Gerrity and McKenzie (1978); Laband (1985a, b, c, 1986); Berger and Scott (1990); Gibbons and Fish (1991); Conroy and Dusansky (1995); Scott and Mitias (1996); Dusansky and Vernon (1998); Mixon and Upadhyaya (2001); and Kalaitzidakis, Mamuneas, and Stengos (2003).

(2) The JEE has produced 429 articles since 1991, compared to 54 appearing in the AER, and 16 (8) published in EI (JEL).

(3) We are grateful to an anonymous referee for pointing us toward this similar finding in Kodrzycki and Yu (2006).

(4) Some papers that are published in the A200-A290 JEL classification are cited for commentary on issues that are more applicable within traditional economics research than they are within the economic education literature. By restricting the scope of the publications to JEE papers, this issue, if significant, is perhaps mitigated to some extent.

Melody Lo, * M. C. Sunny Wong, ([dagger]) and Franklin G. Mixon Jr. ([double dagger])

* College of Business, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; E-mail melody.lo@utsa.edu.

([dagger]) Department of Economics, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA; E-mail mwong11@usfca.edu.

([double dagger]) Department of Economics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; E-mail fmixon@comcast.net; corresponding author.

Table 1. Teaching-Focused Research Productivity Based on
Numbers of Articles Published: Top 20 Economics Journals

 Number of
Rank Journal Articles

 1 Journal of Economic Education 429
 2 Financial Practice and Education 138
 3 Teaching Business and Economics 96
 4 Economics and Business Education 60
 5 American Economic Review 54
 6 Journal of Private Enterprise 39
 7 American Economist 34
 Southern Economic Journal 34
 9 Review of Agricultural Economics 33
10 American Journal of Agricultural Economics 32
11 Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 27
12 Journal of Real Estate Practice and Education 25
13 Journal of Economic Perspectives 24
14 Eastern Economic Journal 19
15 Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 17
16 Economic Inquiry 16
 Journal of Economics 16
18 Australian Economic Review 14
19 History of Political Economy 13
 International Advances in Economic Research 13

Table 2. Teaching-Focused Research Productivity Based on Total
Citations and Total Citations per Articles: Top 20 Economics
Journals (Plus Ties)

 Total
 Total Citations
Rank Journal Citations per Article

 1 [2] Journal of Economic Literature 262 32.75
 2 [9] Economic Journal 25 12.00
 [9] Journal of the American
 Statistical Association 12 12.00
 4 [16] Canadian Journal of
 Agricultural Economics 8 8.00
 5 [18] Economic Appliquee 7 7.00
 6 [19] Journal of Finance 6 6.00
 7 [21] Games and Economic Behavior 5 5.00
 [13] Journal of Economic History 10 5.00
 [21] Journal of International
 Business Studies 5 5.00
 [21] Journal of Labor Research 5 5.00
 [21] Policy Sciences 5 5.00
12 [5] Economic Inquiry 78 4.88
13 [3] American Economic Review 230 4.26
14 [4] Journal of Economic
 Perspectives 102 4.25
15 [26] Journal of Human Resources 4 4.00
16 [12] Economic Record 11 3.67
17 [21] Review of Economics and
 Statistics 5 2.50
18 [1] Journal of Economic Education 963 2.24
19 [29] Applied Economics 2 2.00
 [26] Journal of Real Estate Finance
 and Economics 4 2.00
 [29] Oxford Bulletin of Economics
 and Statistics 2 2.00

Rank is based on citations per article.
[No.] gives rank based on total citations.

Table 3. Teaching-Focused Research Productivity Based on
Impact and Self-Citations Adjusted Citations Per Page:
Top 20 Economics Journals

 Economic All
 Education Economics
Rank Journal Journals Journals

 1 Journal of Economic Literature 100.00 18.8
 2 Review of Economics and Statistics 51.79 28
 3 American Economic Review 49.19 100
 4 Economic Inquiry 48.32 6.03
 5 Economic Journal 46.92 20.7
 6 Economics of Education Review 32.98 0.35
 7 Economic Record 25.00 2.93
 8 Journal of Economic Perspectives 23.55 34.3
 9 Applied Economics 17.68 2
10 Journal of Finance 16.69 0
11 Journal of Human Resources 12.07 21.3
12 Politicka Ekonomie 6.73 0
13 Southern Economic Journal 5.66 3.09
14 Journal of Public Economics 3.99 19.8
15 Journal of Economic Education 3.51 0.32
16 American Journal of Agricultural
 Economics 0.91 6.19
17 American Economist 0.82 0
18 Feminist Economics 0.34 0
19 Journal of Policy Analysis and
 Management 0.26 0
20 Canadian Journal of Agricultural
 Economics 0.12 0.48

Rank is based on column labeled "Economic Education Journals." Both
columns, "Economic Education Journals" and "All Economics Journals,"
give journal ranking based on impact, age, and self-citations adjusted
per number of pages. The column labeled "Economic Education Journals"
gives journal ranking among journals that published economics
education articles with JEL code of A200-A290, while the column
labeled "All Economics Journals" presents the indices from the journal
ranking based on all economics journals that appears in Kalaitzidakis,
Mamuneas, and Stengos (2003). We use a formula (where we set n =
numbers of journals that published articles with JEL code of A200-A290
and we set the procedure to iterate for 50 times) on page 1352 of
Kalaitzidakis, Mamuneas, and Stengos (2003) to generate our economic
education journal ranking. The formula is as follows: Given the
initial impact [I.sub.i, 0], [[n.summation over (j = 1)], j [not equal
to] i [C.sub.ij]]/[a.sub.i], the tth iteration is given by [I.sub.i,t]
= [[n.summation over (j = 1)], j [not equal to] i [C.sub.ij][I.sub.j,
t - 1]]/[a.sub.i], where [C.sub.ij] is the number of citations to
journal i from journal j and where [a.sub.i] is the total numbers of
pages published in journal i.

Table 4. Teaching-Focused Research Productivity Based on Total
Citations and Proportional Citations (with No. of Authors): Top
50 Economics Departments (U = University)

 Total Proportional No. of
Rank Institution Citations Citations Authors

 1 Vanderbilt U 210 172.33 10
 2 Indiana U 200 135.50 11
 3 U of Wisconsin 86 78.83 13
 4 U of Iowa 63 62.50 3
 5 U of Nebraska 73 59.00 13
 6 Duke U 58 56.00 4
 7 Denison U 50 47.00 7
 8 Purdue U 80 46.50 14
 9 U of Missouri, Rolla 44 43.50 5
10 California State U, Hayward 28 28.00 3
 U of North Carolina 52 28.00 7
12 U of Virginia 35 27.67 10
13 Illinois State U 28 27.50 10
14 Auburn U 35 24.33 14
15 U of Toronto 24 23.33 5
16 U of South Australia 70 22.50 1
17 Princeton U 36 21.00 11
18 George Washington U 20 20.00 4
 Oberlin College 20 20.00 1
 U of South Carolina 20 20.00 6
21 Simon Fraser U 21 19.00 3
22 Radcliffe College 18 18.00 1
23 Murray State U 16 16.00 4
24 New York U 22 15.50 10
 U of Delaware 24 15.50 6
26 MIT 15 15.00 4
27 U of California, Berkeley 16 14.50 6
28 Occidental College 20 14.33 2
29 Washington State U 30 14.00 13
30 Appalachian State U 15 13.00 4
 St John's College 26 13.00 1
 U of Arizona 13 13.00 9
 U of Connecticut 13 13.00 1
 U of Manitoba 26 13.00 1
35 Pacific Lutheran U 15 12.50 3
36 Miami U (Ohio) 15 12.00 7
 U of California, Davis 12 12.00 6
 U of Central Florida 12 12.00 4
 U of Illinois 18 12.00 12
 Wesleyan U 12 12.00 3
 Widener U 12 12.00 5
42 Hampton U 15 11.50 1
 U of Melbourne 14 11.50 11
44 Cornell U 11 11.00 5
 U of Hartford 11 11.00 3
 York U 11 11.00 9
47 Bucknell U 12 10.50 3
 College of William & Mary 11 10.50 5
49 Middlebury College 10 10.00 3
 U of Michigan 11 10.00 6

Rank is based on proportional citations.

Table 5. Teaching-Focused Research Productivity Based on
Total Page Counts via Two Journal Rankings in Table 3:
Top 50 Economics Departments (U = University)

 Total Pages Total Pages
 Weighted by Weighted by
 Econ-Education- All-Econ-
Rank Institution Journal-Ranking Journal-Ranking

 1 Indiana U 56.03 44.89
 2 U of Nebraska 54.00 39.94
 3 U of Wisconsin 41.39 13.18
 4 Vanderbilt U 32.66 30.69
 5 Oberlin College 22.00 4.13
 6 Duke U 19.21 3.59
 7 U of Iowa 18.00 3.38
 8 California State U, Hayward 17.60 6.86
 9 Simon Fraser U 16.57 13.01
10 U of Virginia 16.21 18.98
11 Purdue U 15.12 14.73
12 U of North Carolina 11.77 19.98
13 Denison U 9.91 12.72
14 Middlebury College 8.75 12.04
15 Grinnell College 8.30 0.97
16 U of California, San Diego 8.00 1.50
17 San Jose State U 7.73 0.96
18 U of North Florida 7.61 0.36
19 U of Texas 7.58 7.56
20 Pacific Lutheran U 7.48 0.90
21 U of Zurich 7.38 0.92
22 Stanford U 7.04 13.39
23 U of Hohenheim 6.98 0.86
24 U.S. Air Force Academy 6.76 0.84
25 Columbia U 5.92 5.05
26 Whitman College 5.30 0.90
27 U of Maryland 5.21 1.08
28 U of California, Davis 5.12 8.13
29 Syracuse U 5.06 0.60
30 Swarthmore College 4.95 7.19
31 U of California, Irvine 4.75 4.81
32 George Washington U 4.71 3.71
33 New York U 4.63 3.44
34 Hamilton College 4.21 5.16
35 Carnegie Mellon U 4.19 0.52
36 Bucknell U 4.17 7.12
37 MIT 4.16 6.77
38 Princeton U 3.98 3.05
39 U of Nebraska, Omaha 3.93 6.09
40 Wellesley College 3.83 5.12
41 Washington State U 3.82 6.44
42 Rollins College 3.77 5.48
43 Mary Wash. College 3.73 0.42
44 Northwestern U 3.41 6.04
45 Illinois State U 3.33 0.30
46 U of South Carolina 3.30 4.26
47 U of Delaware 3.14 3.63
48 College of William & Mary 3.07 5.22
49 U of South Australia 3.01 3.18
50 U of Melbourne 2.90 0.30

Rank is based on "Total Pages Weighted
by Econ-Education-Journal-Ranking."

Table 6. Teaching-Focused Research Productivity Based on
Proportional Citations from JEE Articles: Top 50 Economics
Departments (Plus Ties; U = University)

 JEE
 JEE Proportional
 No. of JEE Proportional Citations
Rank Institution Articles Citations per Page

 1 Vanderbilt U 20 128.33 15.14
 2 U of Missouri, Rolla 5 43.50 10.96
 3 Indiana U 11 36.67 3.11
 4 U of Nebraska 10 31.00 2.81
 5 Illinois State U 10 27.50 3.33
 6 U of Toronto 1 23.00 1.09
 7 U of Wisconsin 8 22.50 2.61
 8 Auburn U 6 22.33 2.65
 9 Denison U 7 21.00 1.99
10 U of North Carolina 2 19.17 2.27
11 Murray State U 3 16.00 1.51
12 Occidental College 3 14.33 1.20
13 U of Arizona 1 12.00 1.5
 U of Central Florida 1 12.00 1
 Widener U 1 12.00 0.92
16 Princeton U 4 11.50 0.84
17 Miami U (Ohio) 6 11.00 0.93
 U of Hartford 1 11.00 1.37
 York U 2 11.00 0.91
20 U of Delaware 4 10.50 0.77
21 Cornell U 2 10.00 0.83
 U South Carolina 3 10.00 0.68
23 New York U 4 9.00 1.1
 Tilburg U 1 9.00 0.69
 U of Melbourne 3 9.00 0.73
 Washington State U 3 9.00 0.79
 Youngstown State U 3 9.00 1.71
28 Pacific Lutheran U 2 8.50 0.69
29 Elmhurst College 1 8.00 0.88
 Hampton U 1 8.00 0.44
 Seattle U 3 8.00 0.80
 U of Michigan 1 8.00 0.72
 West Chester U 1 8.00 1.14
34 Mary Washington 4 7.50 0.74
 College
35 Wesleyan U 2 7.00 0.48
36 Pomona College 3 6.67 0.76
37 Loyola College 1 6.50 1.08
 U of Pittsburgh 4 6.50 0.79
 Whitman College 3 6.50 0.72
40 Purdue U 12 6.33 0.61
41 Bar Ilan U 1 6.00 0.54
 Christopher 1 6.00 0.5
 Newport U
 Mississippi State U 3 6.00 0.39
 Ohio State U 2 6.00 0.22
 U of North Florida 1 6.00 0.26
 U of Wisconsin, 2 6.00 0.34
 Oshkosh
 Wellesley College 3 6.00 0.64
48 U of Georgia 7 5.67 0.80
49 U of Illinois 3 5.50 0.41
50 Muhlenberg College 1 5.00 0.5
 U of Richmond 4 5.00 0.53
 U of Southern 2 5.00 0.83
 Mississippi
 U of Wisconsin, 1 5.00 0.41
 Stevens Point

Rank is based on JEE proportional citations.

Table 7. Teaching-Focused Research Productivity Based on the Number of
Economic Education Publications and Number of Pages in Publications:
Top 50 Economists (Plus Ties)

 Total Total
Rank Author Publications Pages

 1 Siegfried, John J. 34 298
 2 Becker, William E. 22 182
 3 Watts, Michael 18 182
 4 Holt, Charles A. 15 148
 5 Walstad, William B. 14 148
 6 Salemi, Michael 11 79
 7 Colander, David 10 90
 8 Beharrel, Andy 9 33
 9 Kennedy, Peter 7 71
 Lopus, Jane S. 7 65
 Wall, Nancy 7 24
 Young, Richard 7 29
13 Hansen, W. Lee 6 81
 Hazlett, Denise 6 57
 McCloskey, Deirdre N. 6 37
16 Abbott, Ian 5 18
 Bosshardt, William 5 62
 Davies, Peter 5 33
 Grimes, Paul W. 5 71
 McGoldrick, KimMarie 5 56
 Saunders, Phillip 5 47
 Sosin, Kim 5 40
23 Ardalan, Kavous 4 51
 Bartlett, Robin L. 4 33
 Brant, Jacek 4 21
 Carlson, J. Lon 4 37
 Chan, Kam C. 4 28
 Chizmar, John F. 4 44
 Clarke, Paul 4 21
 Dorman, Peter 4 29
 Fairbrass, Stephen 4 14
 Feiner, Susan 4 49
 Finegan, T. Aldrich 4 49
 Haupert, Michael J. 4 42
 Hoag, John 4 46
 Holahan, William L. 4 35
 Jephcote, Martin 4 24
 Johnston, Carol 4 48
 Lepper, Steve 4 15
 Manning, Linda M. 4 20
 Moore, Robert L. 4 28
 Perry, Gregory M. 4 43
 Rose, John T. 4 23
 Sexton, Robert L. 4 10
 Shackelford, Jean 4 43
 Underwood, Daniel A. 4 77
 Vidler, Chris 4 13
48 60 tied (available from 3
 authors)

Rank is based on total publications.

Table 8. Teaching-Focused Research Productivity Based on the
Number of Citations to Economic Education Articles: Top 50
Economists (Plus Ties)

 Total Citations Citations
Rank Author Citations per Article per Page

 1 Siegfried, John J. 198 5.82 0.66
 2 Becker, William 170 7.73 0.93
 3 Hansen, W. Lee 72 12.00 0.89
 4 Watts, Michael 64 3.56 0.35
 5 McCloskey, Deirdre N. 62 10.33 1.68
 Ziliak, Stephen T. 62 62.00 3.44
 7 Krueger, Anne O. 53 26.50 2.30
 8 Walstad, William B. 52 3.71 0.35
 9 Salemi, Michael K. 39 3.90 0.49
10 Bartlett, Robin L. 36 9.00 1.09
11 Lopus, Jane S. 28 4.00 0.43
12 Caudill, Steven B. 27 13.50 1.80
 Gropper, Daniel M. 27 13.50 1.80
 Holt, Charles A. 27 1.80 0.18
 Kennedy, Peter E. 27 3.86 0.38
16 Cameron, Norman E. 26 26.00 3.25
 Gelles, Gregory M. 26 13.00 3.71
 Maxwell, Nan L. 26 8.67 0.93
19 Johnson, Walter D. 25 25.00 6.25
 Feiner, Susan F. 25 6.25 0.51
21 Bunn, Douglas N. 24 24.00 2.18
 Chizmar, John F. 24 6.00 0.55
23 Anderson, Gordon 23 23.00 1.10
 Benjamin, Dwayne 23 23.00 1.10
 Fuss, Melvyn A. 23 23.00 1.10
26 Ferber, Marianne A. 21 10.50 1.62
27 Goldfarb, Robert S. 20 6.67 0.83
 Kasper, Hirschel 20 20.00 0.91
 Moore, Robert L. 20 5.00 0.71
 Poppen, Paul J. 20 20.00 2.00
 Yezer, Anthony M. 20 20.00 2.00
32 Manning, Linda M. 18 4.50 0.90
33 Brown, Eleanor 17 8.50 1.21
 Hirschfeld, Mary 17 17.00 1.31
35 Meszaros, Bonnie T. 16 8.00 0.89
36 Cohn, Elchanan 15 5.00 0.45
 Durden, Garey C. 15 7.50 0.75
 Margo, Robert A. 15 15.00 1.36
 Ostrosky, Anthony L. 15 5.00 0.63
 Saunders, Phillip 15 3.00 0.32
41 Eubanks, Carlie 14 14.00 1.17
42 Dynan, Karen E. 13 13.00 0.68
 Lee, Linda K. 13 13.00 1.86
 Powers, John R. 13 6.50 0.81
 Rouse, Cecilia Elena 13 13.00 0.68
 Scott, Charles E. 13 13.00 2.17
47 Agarwal, Rajshree 12 12.00 1.00
 Baumol, William J. 12 6.00 0.75
 Day, A. Edward 12 12.00 1.00
 Duggal, Vijaya G. 12 6.00 0.63
 Moore, David S. 12 12.00 1.71
 Robson, Denise 12 6.00 0.52
 Sheffrin, Steven M. 12 6.00 0.71
 Waldauer, Charles 12 6.00 0.63
 Wells, Donald A. 12 12.00 1.50
 Williams, Marv L. 12 6.00 0.63

Rank is based on total citations.