Designing of automated manufacturing and assembly systems.

Ruzarovsky, Roman ; Horvath, Stefan ; Velisek, Karol 等

1. INTRODUCTION

Automation of manufacturing and assembly processes is the actual trend of machine industry (Velisek et al., 2004). Supposition of automation process is the using of available technical devices to several operations realization of technological and helpful process. This main manufacturing process should be realized automatically by predefined program. The knowledge about automated technical devices is more important by realization of automated manufacturing and assembly. The important segment in automated manufacturing system is the realization of automatic process control system and the coordination of concrete control device.

2. REALIZATION REQUIREMENTS

The automation of manufacturing and assembly process can be run in term of the manufacturing profile, material flow or information flow. These basic elements of the manufacturing process are usually automated together in praxis, but it is not the condition (Velisek et al., 2005). The process control is characteristic as the process organization in system that provides the achievement of the required final state; assembly or manufacturing process. The necessary element of control system is the back-connection information. The utilization of this information for the manufacturing process control could be only then if it is known the noted model of system behavior by means of that it is possible to create the control algorithm and technical system for its realization by defined aim.

3. ANALYSIS OF PROCESS CONTROL

It is needed to know the reply to three basic questions for the right control system realization (Fig.1). Those are the questions:

* What has to be controlled?

In this case it is necessary to define the mathematical models of controlled system by physical basis and identification. At the same time it is required to analysis the manufacturing process in term of the operative motion sequence. Also it is necessary to know the character of manufacturing object before the definition of automated control of the manufacturing process. At once also to analysis the manufacturing process in term of several in sequence connected operative motions. The important step of analysis of manufacturing process is the dividing into partial operations. The basic element of the manufacturing process is the operative motion

* What shall we to use for control?

In this case is necessary to choose the right devices of automatic control, the type of energy in the automated manufacturing process. The devices of the automatic control is the group of tools, devices, instruments a knowledge by these it could be realized the practical control of the manufacturing process type. The devices of the automatic control are in general all technical devices, these could enable to achieve, transfer, save, process and utilize the information and also all helpful devices, and these could enable the activity of those named technical devices.

* What way shall we choose for control?

The manufacturing process control is often the integral member of the manufacturing process automation. The control is understood as the technical advance by that the machines and devices in the limited system are influenced in its physical and technical values in terms of required method by the valid regularity.

The manufacturing process is created with more quantity of elements, operations and motions. It is existed the more quantity of interacted connections. The control system that is used in the manufacturing process has the hierarchical structure. The hierarchical structure is the one of the manufacturing process basic feature. It is necessary to give one's time to the control of the individual motions and operations and also to interaction cooperation and communication between them and with the environment by control realization. It is used more method, systemic technologies and programming instruments.

[FIGURE 1 OMITTED]

4. MANUFACTURING PROCESS DEFINITION

In the fist time it is necessary to analysis the manufacturing and assembly process by the several criteria, in term of the technological advance. The model of the manufacturing and assembly process has the task to describe the solved problem. The model describes the relationship between the manufacturing process and the user and is divided into (Fig.2):

--topological model,

--physical model,

--mathematical model,

--numerical model.

[FIGURE 2 OMITTED]

5. TECHNICAL CONTROL STRUCTURE OF AUTOMATED SYSTEMS

The manufacturing and assembly process is realized effectively by digital and numerical control. It is existed a new functions, new control elements, diagnostic e.g. (Zvolensky, 2007). It is realized the control of manufacturing assembly process by integrated control system. The basic control structure of manufacturing system is designed out of five basic elements:

* mechanical systems (mechanics)

* sensor systems (sensors)

* motion systems (actuators)

* communication and information systems (informatics)

* process systems (processors).

The control system of manufacturing and assembly systems is possible to understand as integration of combined elements of control system (Fig.3). The control system is realized as mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electro-pneumatic or electrohydraulic control structure. That means the control system could be to accept as an individual system that is represented by hierarchical ordered control system of manufacturing and assembly process.

[FIGURE 3 OMITTED]

5. FURTHER RESEARCH

The field of research is the definition of methods of design and realization the automated assembly and manufacturing system. The method makes the provision for optimal choice of technical devices and tools that are needed for realization of manufacturing and assembly systems and devices. The technical tools and devices are defined on base of input parameters. At the same time the method of design will make the provision for choice of using the technical devices and tools by using of signal energy. At the second time the choice of control system in term of input request of manufacturing process. The result of research is the method of design and planning of automated manufacturing and assembly system and its verification by using of the technological devices and tools. With help of assembly and manufacturing device design methodology we would be able to create peripheral assembly and manufacturing device, which will operate in automated manufacturing and assembly cell (Javorova, 2007). (Fig.4).

[FIGURE 4 OMITTED]

6. CONCLUSION

It is important to define the manufacturing process and process control before the realization of designing and planning method and design of automated manufacturing system. The designing method includes the analysis of manufacturing process and its partition to minimal defined operation motion, the definition of control algorithm and also sequence of separate motions of manufacturing process. The result of analysis is the method of design and planning of automated device and machine and also choice of optimal technical devices and tools of control. The method of design as aim of research would be realized and verified at the Institute of manufacturing systems and applied mechanics.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This paper was created thanks to the national grant: VEGA 1/3193/06--Multifunctional manufacturing and assembly cell.

7. REFERENCES

Javorova, A. (2007): Assembly and manufacturing cell, Research and Development in Mechanical Industry--RaDMI 2007, p. 599-602, ISBN 86-83803-22-4, Belgrade/Serbia/, September 2007, High Technical Mechanical School of Trstenik, Trstenik

Velisek, K. & Katalinic, B. (2004). Manufacturing systems I., Vydavatel'stvo STU, ISBN 80-227-2009-7, Bratislava

Velisek, K., Pechacek, F., Kosfal, P. & Stefanek, M. (2005) Assembly machines and devices, Vydavatel'stvo STU, ISBN 80-227-2187-5, Bratislava

Velisek, K., Javorova, A. & Kost'al, P. (2007). Flexible assembly and manufacturing cell, Academic Journal of Manufacturing Engineering. Vol. 5, No. 2, p. 141-144, ISSN 1583-7904

Zvolensky, R. (2007). Design of automated disassembly devices. Research and Development in Mechanical Industry--RaDMI 2007, p. 697-700, ISBN 86-83803-22-4, Belgrade/Serbia/, September 2007, High Technical Mechanical School of Trstenik, Trstenik