Drafts of technical-economics systems necessary to quality ensurance.

Mateescu, Liviu Mihail

1. INTRODUCTION: CONTEXT ELEMENTS

The Technical-Economic System is a modern concept modern draft which reflects the integrator vision on am elements or group of elements which have both technical and economical specific features. It is represent by any system allowing the taking over, stocking, processing, turning some resources into bodily or not bodily goods, with economical importance and includes technical and technological elements. The Technical-Economic Systems (TES) are characterized by constructive elements as well as the connections which create interdependences with other systems or singular elements. The connections can be physical or informational.

This definition suits to industrial organizations, too. If we analyse the socio-economical situation in its materially reproducible aspect, we'll find the existence of a productive socio-system spectrum which in a direction of the movement fits in productive Macro systems and in the other one it is structured in Microsystems (Ionescu, 1997). Analyzing in this vision the industrial organizations, we find on owe hand their aggregation in industrial branches and implicitly in entire economy where it exists as subsystems submitted to the system laws and on the other hand, a structure in production subsystems and administrative subsystems.

A technical, economical and social system type black-box, isn't an abstract cybernetic system but a socio-economical one, which differs from other systems of this category by a series of specific features where became conspicuous the direct and aware presence of man on command, control, adjustment positions and derived from this--the dynamic character in continuous improvement of the TES.

[FIGURE 1 OMITTED]

The elements of entrances space ii, based on a command / order implementation, are submitted to the system activity [a.sub.i], followed by the goings out [r.sub.i], that can be type goods and services or information, which in their turn will be entrances for other productive or consumption system (Filip, 2004).

A TES activity goes on as part of some subsystems whose structure general valid can be organized thus:

* The technological subsystem (T) consists of technological means ensemble which take part in the raw material and know ledges / information processing necessary to ensure the subsystem work, corresponding to the established parameters;

* The technical subsystem (TH) consists of the means ensemble (less the technological ones) which takes part directly in the production going on;

* The organizational subsystem (O) includes the labor engaged with the co-ordination in time and space of the production elements having also in view the relation established on this purpose;

* The economical-financial subsystem (EF) administrates patrimonialy all the TES goods, from provisioning the raw material and materials to production sale;

* The creative-innovator subsystem (CI) consists of the labour engaged in these activities and the necessary material endowment;

* The informational management subsystem (IC) is made up from the labour engaged in the informational management process and the necessary material endowment. It is functional and informational opposable to all other TES systems. The activity it carries on consists in putting forward the decisions which settle the other subsystems activity and co-ordinate their relation in order to implement the planned tasks.

[FIGURE 2 OMITTED]

A technical-economic system can be considered as well an organization group, united by a common interest, an informational network type internet / intranet, a bodily or not bodily real estate objective of an organization (considered solidary) or an activities group of the organization or more activities of the same type but having a particular specificity.

2. THE QUALITY DRAFT

The quality notion has a long history in the humanity consciousness. Witch the progress registered in industry the quality isn't only a philosophical draft but an economical one, to. The quality role developed appreciably, becoming an important saving factor. In the present outlook, the quality has become a general concern of all the organization and it is achieved by management. The quality specific feature, represent a product feature which differentiates it from other and comes from its utilization value, namely from the product feature of answering the social needs. It express precisely the way of achieving the usefulness, the satisfaction level felt by the product user. In the quality management is fallowed their identification and measurement, in order to know the level where the producer offer frames in the users demands. The analyze of the products quality needs first their division on quality categories which internal have common typological specific features. To establish the goods and services specific features it is necessary to know all those involved in the products accomplishment and utilization, which are: the client, the supplier and the society on its whole. In the significance theory, these are the ones who care state the case for the product. For everybody, the quality becomes manifest during the utilization period, but the quality analyze can't be summarized only to this period but it must spread to the others, too: conception and manufacture, commercial accomplishment and utilization period (which materializes in actual fact the product usefulness, characterized by achieving the planned parameters and reliability). It comes out that the producer can't make abstraction of competitiveness and the labour included in the product (when analyzing the quality and the usefulness), that the beneficiary considerates first the product usefulness and the society is interested in the consumers production and in the existence of a real market competition. Starting from this assumption we can define quality as an image of the studied good made up of typological qualitative specific features and other specific features less meaningful. By product quality it mustn't by understood only its technical level but also the aspects connected to the product impact on the environment, its efficiency and competitiveness created suitable to the producer interests (Alistair et al., 1999).

3. THE QUALITY DRAFT EXTENSION

A wider defining of the quality draft in economy could be connected to three coordinates: efficiency, environment, and functionalism. The quality is image characterized by economic, ecological and functional elements. At present there are two tendencies of goods quality assessments. The first one connects the quality only to the good utilization and analyses separately its efficiency and the second tendency takes into consideration the efficiency included in quality.

The first tendency can't be accepted because it hasn't the ability to define the good quality for all its coordinates, as it is considerated in the quality management and in the standard ISO 9000/2000.

Although the "quality" notion as human behaviour fundamental elements comes out since the beginning of its history, the quality draft has included in the management science for only two centuries and the actions for quality materialized to each organization level by objective and organizational structures. The organization management grew richer with a new field--the quality management.

[FIGURE 3 OMITTED]

The management structure consists of the following elements: the quality ensurance AQ and the quality control CQ, which are united in a quality system SQ, elaborated under the basis of a quality policy PQ, pat of the strategical management.

4. CONCLUSIONS

The present orientations for quality defining know the following aspects: the orientation to the product--in this case quality is defined as representing the product quality specific features ensemble; the orientation to the production processes--here the quality is considered from the producer view; the orientation to cost--in this case the product quality is defined through the agency of cost and saling prices by cost / quality criterion; the orientation to the user--the good quality represents the ability of answering the user demands who estimates the good quality. The quality represents the consumer's demands concerning the functionality price, delivery date, safety, reliability, environment compatibility and services. Two quality hypostasis have a decisive role in meeting the customer's demands: conception quality (planning) and concordance quality. The product quality is often expressed by technical and commercial quality. Although some hypostasis can be more important at a given moment, it is thought that all of them contribute to ensure the product quality on the whole.

TES must adopt a policy to define the position it wants to own by quality in the market. In keeping with the standard ISO 9000, the policy in the quality field represents a TES directions and general aims regarding quality. The 11th Committee of European Organization for Quality put forward a direction which shows that the elaboration of the policy quality is implemented from upside to below, under the basis of the firm general policy. The policy is interpreted afterwards by the managers from the other levels in order to be transposed in objectives specific to different activity fields. The direction does not exclude the possibility of working out the polity from below to upside. In this case the direction recommends that the firm should take into account the following elements: the orientation to the customer, the continuous improvement and staff instruction in this field. The implementation of a quality system requires the elaboration of the TES quality policy which is made by the summit management. Within the framework of the policy are settled the quality objectives which reflect the position proposed by the unities to own in the market.

5. REFERENCES

Alistair Inglis, Peter Ling, and Vera Joosten, Delivering Digitally: Managing the Transition to the Knowledge Media, Kogan Page, London, 1999.

Filip, N., Morariu, C.O., Popescu, I., The Quality Management and Engineering [Ingineria si Managementul Calitatii], Editura Universitatii "Transilvania", Brasov, 2004, ISBN 973-635-271-4.

Ionescu Sorin Cristian, Industrial excellence--exercise and theory

of quality [Excelenfa industriala--practica si teoria calitatii], Editura Economica, Bucuresti, 1997.

CEC-Commission of the European Communities, Towards a European Research Area, Brussels, 18 January 2000.