Studies concerning the adherence strength of some thermoglued textile ensembles--results and interpretations.

Stefanuta, Ioan ; Vlad, Dorin ; Vrinceanu, Narcisa 等

1. INTRODUCTION

The underensembles have been made at some comercial companies (in manufacturing regime), and the experimental tests were performed at "Lucian Blaga" University laboratories, within some doctoral research studies.

The researches in this field, performed up to now have not had a unitary character. "Lucian Blaga" University research team have proposed an approaching of the topic in a wider frame, consisting parts of doctoral thesis and disertations.

This leads to the finishing off procedures, as well as young researchers forming, besides practical results achievement, usefull in manufacturing field.

2. EXPERIMENTAL WORK

For adherence determination the procedure will be as follows (DIN 53859 Part 2):

--8 samples for each type of material cut on the longitudinal direction have been made, so that 4 samples for each type of material with one of two types of insertion, with 160 mm x 50 mm size, should be;

--for each sample, 40 mm remain unglued or ithout being glued;

--the samples will be conditioned;

--the distance between the dynamometer jaws should be 50 mm, and the speed of lifting the jaw [C.sub.1], up to 100 mm/min, according to the DIN 53859 Part 2;

--the data necessary for the test, the test's name, the number of samples, the type of basic material and the type of insertion are introduced on the computer;

--the unpasted layers will be fixed between the dinamometer jaws, and subsequently, by means of computer control, the mechanism of C1 jaw movement is running;

--after the glued layers separation, the [C.sub.1] jaw lifting is stopped; in that moment on the computer screen some testing data will appear ( tension--elongation plot/diagrame, forces necessary for the unglueing);

--on the basis of data provided by the computer, the adherence is calculated (Cioara and all).

Within the framework of the thermogluing process, it is noticed that, while the underensemble advances through the machine, its pressure remains constant, and it appears as its passing among the heating modulus, and the temperature shows first a sudden increasing, and subsequently a smaller one in a longer duration (Stefanuta, I.-2001). In the calender cyllinders area, the pressure reaches very quickly the highest and at the outlet, both temperature and pressure decrease to values near to environment. After such a work regime, an intimate and effiecient contact between the adhesive and basic textile material is provided (Preda et all, 1996).

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3. THE ADHERENCE CALCULUS

Tabel 1 contains the results obtained for each type of sample subjcted to analyses and the average (mean) for the determinations where adhesives A and B were used, respectively (Technical book of [Titan.sup.2]).

By the means of averages obtained in Tabel 1, in Tabel 2 the adherence for each type of material will be calculated, taking into account the adhesive used (Preda et all, 1996).

4. CONCLUSION

In case of underensembles with type A insertion, a better adherence at cotton type textile materials is found, unlike wool type textile materials. The difference is provided by the high affinity of the adhesive at cotton fibre and the better denseness of made bond points, (the cotton fabric has a more compact and thinner structure);

In case of underensembles with type B insertion, the adherence is aproximately the same, at both types of basic materials.

If the strength at traction solicitation is studied, one concludes that forces values are aproximately in the same range for mixture basic materials, unlike 100% cotton type textile materials.

These tests highlighted the investigation method and procedure correctness. In the future, the above mentioned tests will also be performed on any other types of textile materials.

5. REFERENCES

Cioara, L., Cristian, I., Onofrei E., (2000) Textile tissues structure characteristics and properties., Performantica, ISBN 973-730-029-7

DIN 53859 Part 2--Tear growth testing of textile fabrics.

Preda, C.; Preda, Cr. (1996). Methods and apparatus for Quality Control of textiles designed for wearing clothes manufacturing, BIT, ISBN 973-97907-2-0, Iasi;

Stefanuta, I. (2001). Processes and machines for textile clothing industry, ULB, ISBN: 973-651-229-0, Sibiu;

Technical book of [Titan.sup.2]--Universal Strength Tester, Model710

Tab: 1. Results for material 1--Cotton 100%

 Specimen Force Force Average
 peak peak force
 [N] [N] peak
 [N]

 1 9.16 13.30 9.39
 2 8.73 12.36 9.78
 3 7.27 10.93 8.00
 4 8.48 13.62 8.96

Mean for adhesive A 9.03

 5 6.46 15.78 5.97
 6 6.82 11.56 6.81
 7 4.32 13.52 2.83
 8 3.93 12.93 2.65

Mean for adhesive B 4.56

Statistics

 Mean 6.90 13.00 6.80
 Maximum 9.16 15.78 9.78
 Minimum 3.93 10.93 2.65
Coeff. of Var 28.35% 11.35% 41.37%

Tab: 2. The adherence calculus

 Adherence Adherence
 type A type B
Nr. insertion insertion
crt. Basic material [N/cm] [N/cm]

1 cotton--100% 1.806 0,912

2 cotton--80%
 PA--18% 942 8112
 Elastan--2%

3 cotton--98% 9.892 7.418
 Ellastan--2%

4 cotton--53%
 PES--43% 9.03 8.652
 Ellastan--4%

5 Wool--60%
 PES--38% 8.402
 Ellastan--2% 8.172

6 Wool--96% 8.21 7.934
 Ellastan--4%

7 Wool--44%
 PES--54% 8.116 7.704
 Ellastan--2%