Contributions of Indian authors to Library Philosophy and Practice (e-Journal) during 2001 to 2015.

Sa, Manoj Kumar ; Barik, Nilaranjan

Introduction

The Library and Information Science professionals of India carry out their research activities in different research areas of Library and Information Science (LIS) to disseminate the knowledge relating to different issues, challenges and recent development for the betterment of LIS profession. Bibliometric study is one of very common research area in the field of Library and Information Science for mapping research growth, research collaboration, citations analysis, authorship pattern, authors' productivity etc. in the universe of Knowledge. In the present study, an attempt has been made to visualize the trends of research contributions of Indian authors in Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journals) for a period of 15 years from 2001 to 2015. Library Philosophy and Practice otherwise known as LPP is a peer-reviewed international electronic journal which publishes its issues in cumulative. The journal publishes articles exploring the relation between library practice and the philosophy and theory behind it which include explorations of current, past and rising theories of librarianship and library practice, as well as reports of successful, innovative, or experimental library procedures, methods or projects in all areas of librarianship, set in the context of applied research.

Literature Review

Patra & Chand (2006) revealed in their study Library and Information Science Research in India: A bibliometric study that, Indian authors' contribution in international journal is very low. Only a few authors have published 10 and more papers. Thanuskodi (2010) in his paper Bibliometric Analysis of the Journal Library Philosophy and Practice from 2005-2009 stated that the journal had published 249 articles during the period of study and maximum number of contributors were single authors with 31.32%. The Study also revealed that majority of articles (96.85%) contain references which include journals, books, conference proceedings, dissertations, etc. Pradhan, & Chandrakar (2011) in their study found that USA, Belgium and England were the most collaborative countries correspondingly where as two author papers were dominated. Swain (2011) did a scientometric apprisal of Library Philosophy and Practice from 2004 to 2009 in which he analyzed the authorship pattern, core authors etc. of the journal and found that 59.02% papers are contributed by single author and degree of collaboration was 0.404. Idrees & Anwar (2013) remarked that the journal Library Philosophy and Practice has attracted the LIS professionals including faculty, practioners and students around the world. Khurshid (2013) in his study Contributions of Pakistani authors to foreign library and information science journals an evaluative study revealed that the contribution of Pakistani authors to foreign LIS journals is reasonable in number and below average in quality, according to the JCR IF scores. The authorship patterns show that there is a shift from single-authorship to collaborative authorship. The contribution of academics is several times higher than that of library practitioners. Likewise the non-resident Pakistani authors' share in the global LIS literature is much larger as compared to their counterparts living in Pakistan. Barik & Jena (2014) revealed in their study Growth of LIS Research Articles in India seen through Scopus: A bibliometric analysis that Bangladesh, United States & Antigua were the most collaborative countries of India where maximum papers contributed by two author. Kumaresan, Ezhilrani, Vinitha & Jayaraman (2014) reveal in their study Indian research contributions in the Aquaculture journal during 1972-2011 that Tamilnadu, Odisha and Karnataka were the three most productive states. Verma, Sonker & Gupta (2015) in their study bibliometric study of the E-Journal, Library Philosophy and Practice from 2005 to 2014 revealed that a total numbers of 1177 papers were published by the journal during the period with an average of 117 articles per year. Single authorship is leading authorship trend but also two authored articles have shown good number of contribution with the 0.51 rate of degree of collaboration.

Objectives of the study

* To find out year wise contributions of Indian authors

* To know state/ territory wise contributions

* To identify most active authors

* To discover most contributing Institutions

* To know foreign collaboration of Indian authors

* To find out the top cited papers

* To highlight frequently used keywords

* To know the authorship pattern, and

* To find out the degree of collaboration

Methodology

To carry out the present research, the most popular bibliographic database SCOPUS has been chosen as the source database. In order to get the relevant data relating to objective of the study an advanced search [SRCTITLE (library philosophy AND practice) AND (LIMIT-TO (AFFILCOUNTRY, "India"))] made and got 200 publications. All the 200 publications exported by two different file one is export refine data in spread sheet and another is the all selected document choosing CSV excel file. Finally the 200 exported data meticulously analyzed and tabulated in an organizational way and carried out the research basing upon the organized data where only two digits consider after decimal in all percentage work.

Data analysis and interpretations

Year wise publications of papers

Table 1 shows the distributions of 200 papers during the period 2001 to 2015. It is seen that highest 44(22%) number of papers published in the year 2011 followed by 40(20%) papers in 2014 and 27(13.5%) papers in 2010 respectively. Whereas only 1 paper published in the year 2001 and 2004 followed by 2 papers published in 2005.

State/ territory wise publication of papers

Table 2 reveals the geographical distribution of publications by origin of state/ territory. This table has been prepared basing upon the number of contributions in downward order. In this regards Tamil Nadu is in the top of the table with maximum 43(21.5%) number of papers followed by Jammu and Kashmir with 25(12.5%) and New Delhi with 24(12%) in 2nd and 3rd place in the order. However, there are six states e.g. Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh were identified with poor contributions of only 1 paper each.

Most active Authors

Table 3 recognizes the most active Indian authors in the journal Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). Thanuskodi, S., who is belong to teaching profession of Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu produced highest 9 research papers followed by Mahajan, P. belong to Teaching profession of Panjab University, Chandigarh, Punjab with 7 papers and Dhanavandan, S. belong to Library Professional of Krishnasamy College of Engineering and Technology, Tamil Nadu with 5 papers. However it is found that research contribution of Library professional was enthusiastic as Dhanavandan, S. is a Library professional was the 3rd one active author of this study.

Distribution of papers by types of documents

The whole 200 papers were published in three different types of document e.g. Article papers, Review papers and Short survey papers. Highest 189 (94.5%) number of papers were published as document type of Article papers followed by Review papers 10(5%) whereas only 1 paper published as Short survey paper.

Most Frequently used Keywords

Table 5 focuses on the most frequently used keywords by Indian LIS researchers to carry out their research. It is found that highest 10 number of papers used Bibliometrics as their keyword that means maximum number of research were belonged to Bibliometrics study. However if we look into the table it is very clear that excluding the keywords e.g. India and Libraries which are in S. No. 3 and 8 all the other 11 keywords are belong to Bibliometrics study. So it is very clear that Bibliometrics study was the major research area of India during the period of the study in this journal.

Most productive Institutions

Table 6, reveals the most productive Indian LIS research institution in Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) during the study period. In this regard Annamalai University is in the top of the table contributing highest 17(8.5%) numbers of papers followed by University of Kashmir at 2nd positions with 16(8%) papers. However, Sambalpur University, Panjab University, Madurai Kamaraj University, University of Delhi were jointly in 3rd position with 8(4%) papers each respectively.

Foreign collaboration

Foreign collaboration is one of the most important element of collaborative research publications. The collaboration of researchers are not always confined within their regional area or state or country, sometimes they are collaborated with foreign countries also. In the present study, it is seen that a least numbers of papers were published by the Indian LIS researchers with other foreign countries. Highest collaboration occurred with Saudi Arabia 2 papers followed by Antigua and Barbuda and China 1 paper each.

Top cited papers

Citation is the most common benchmark to evaluate the impact of any research. Analyzing the citations data of all 200 papers, it is found that only 88 number of papers have cited, in which the total number of citation are 203 and remaining 112 number of papers have not been cited in any publications. However the average number of citation per paper during the period is 1.02. Table 8, illustrates the top cited paper of Indian authors in Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) during the period of this study in descending order.

Authorship pattern & degree of collaboration

Table 9, shows the authorship pattern of LIS researchers of India in Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) during the period 2001 to 2015. The authorship pattern is limited to four authors only. Highest 83 number of papers were contributed by double authors contribution followed by single author contribution with 73 papers, Triple authors contribution with 35 papers and four authors contribution with 9 papers respectively. However, the degree of collaboration among authors is not so intensive. Collaborative co-efficient value is identified as 0.33.

Subramanian's Law of C= Mn/ (Sn+Mn) has been applied,

where, C = Degree of Collaboration Mn = Number of Multi authored Contributions Sn = Number of Single Authored Contributions

Findings & Conclusion

* The yearly growth rate is not constant as the journal counts its publications in cumulative order.

* Tamilnadu is the most productive state of India contributing highest 43(21.5%) papers whereas Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh were the least state with only one 1(0.5%) paper each.

* Thanuskodi, S. is the most active author who is belong to teaching profession from Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu.

* 94.5% of papers were Articles in Document type publications.

* Major area of research publications are on Bibliometric study.

* Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu was the most productive LIS Institution in India with 8.5% of Total papers.

* Saudi Arabia was the most collaborative foreign country with only 2(1%) paper.

* Domination of double authored papers where degree of collaboration was 0.64.

* Shahid, S. Md. (2005) Use of RFID technology in libraries: A new approach to circulation, tracking, inventorying, and security of library materials was the most cited paper with highest 16 citations.

References

(1.) Barik, N. & Jena, P. (2014). Growth of LIS Research Articles in India seen through Scopus: A bibliometric analysis. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), Paper 1133.

(2.) Idrees, H. & Anwar, M. (2013). Library and Information research: A bibliometric study of Library Philosophy and Practice, 2006 to 2012. PLISJ, 44(4), 35-46.

(3.) Khurshid, Z. (2013). Contributions of Pakistani authors to foreign library and information science journals an evaluative study. Aslib proceedings: New Information Perspectives, 65(4), 441-460.

(4.) Kumaresan, R.; Ezhilrani, R.; Vinitha, K. & Jayaraman, R. (2014). Indian research contributions in the Aquaculture journal during 1972-2011: a Scientometric Study. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), Paper 1185.

(5.) Patra, S. & Chand, P. (2006). Library and Information Science Research in India: A bibliometric study. Annals of Library and Information Studies, 53(Dec.), 219-223.

(6.) Pradhan, P. & Chandrakar, R. (2011). Indian LIS literature in international journals with specific reference to SSCI database: a bibliometric study. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), Paper 657.

(7.) Swain, D. K. (2011). Library Philosophy and Practice, 2004-2009: a scientometric appraisal. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), Paper 556.

(8.) Thanuskodi, S. (2010). Bibliometric Analysis of the Journal Library Philosophy and Practice from 2005-2009. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). Paper 437. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/437.

(9.) Verma, A.; Sonkar, S. K. & Gupta, V. (2015). A Bibliometric Study of The Library Philosophy And Practice (E-Journal) For The Period 2005-2014.Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), Paper 1292.

[1] Manoj Kumar Sa and [2] Nilaranjan Barik

[1&2] Assistant Librarian

[1&2] KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India)-751024

[2] Email--nil.shyamanjana@gmail.com

Table 1: Year wise publications of papers by Indian authors

Year    No. of    Cumulative No.   Percentage (%)
        Papers       of Papers

2001       1            1               0.5
2002       4            5               2.0
2003       3            8               1.5
2004       1            9               0.5
2005       2            11              1.0
2006       5            16              2.5
2007       4            20              2.0
2008      17            37              8.5
2009      20            57              10.0
2010      27            84              13.5
2011      44           128              22.0
2012      21           149              10.5
2014      40           189              20.0
2015      11           200              5.5
Total     200                          100.0

Table 2: State wise publication of Papers

S. No.   State/ Territory       No. of        Percentage (%)
                             Papers (n=200)
1        Tamil Nadu                43              21.5
2        Jammu and Kashmir         25              12.5
3        New delhi                 24              12.0
4        Karnataka                 22              11.0
5        Uttar Pradesh             21              10.5
6        Odisha                    19              9.5
7        Andhra Pradesh            13              6.5
8        Punjab                    13              6.5
9        Gujarat                   10              5.0
10       Maharastra                9               4.5
11       Haryana                   6               3.0
12       Kerala                    5               2.5
13       Mizoram                   3               1.5
14       Pondicherry               3               1.5
15       Uttarakhand               3               1.5
16       West Bengal               3               1.5
17       Assam                     1               0.5
18       Bihar                     1               0.5
19       Chhattisgarh              1               0.5
20       Goa                       1               0.5
21       Madhya Pradesh            1               0.5
22       Himachal Pradesh          1               0.5

Table 3: Most active Authors

Name of authors        Profession     Institutions

Thanuskodi,  S.        Teaching       Annamalai University,
                                      Annamalai Nagar

Mahajan, P.            Teaching       Panjab University, Chandigarh
                                      Krishnasamy College of

Dhanavandan, S.        Library        Engineering and Technology,
                       Professional   Tamil Nadu

Mohammed Esmail, S.    Teaching       Annamalai University,
                                      Annamalai Nagar

Trivedi, M.            Library        Sardar Patel University,
                       Professional   Vallabh Vidyanagar

Sharma, C.             Library        Guru Govind Singh Indraprastha
                       Professional   University, New Delhi

Sethi, B.B.            Library        Sambalpur University,
                       Professional   Sambalpur

Maharana, B.           Teaching       Sambalpur University,
                                      Sambalpur

Gupta, B.M.            Library        National Institute
                       Professional   Technology and Development
                                      studies India, New Delhi of
                                      Science

Nagarajan, M.          Teaching       Annamalai University,
                                      Annamalai Nagar

Kannappanavar, B.U.    Library        Kuvempu University,
                       Professional   Sankaraghatta

Gupta, R.              Research       Sri Vakateshwar University,
                       Fellow         Meerut

Swain, D.K.            Library        Kalinga Instituite of
                       Professional   Industrial Technology,
                                      Bhubaneswar National Institute
                                      of Science

Maharana, R.K.         Library        Education and Research,
                       Professional   Bhubaneswar

Madhusudhan, M.        Teaching       University of Delhi, New Delhi

Gul, S.                Teaching       University of Kashmir,
                                      Srinagar

Kumar, S.              Teaching       University of Delhi, New Delhi

Kumar, D.              Teaching       Chaudhary Charan Singh
                                      University, Meerut

Saravanan, G.          Library        French Institute of
                       Professional   Pondicherry

Mukherjee, B.          Teaching       Guru Ghasidas University,
                                      Bilaspur

Shahid, S.M.           Library        University of Jammu, Jammu
                       Professional

Name of authors        State/          No. of
                       territory       papers

Thanuskodi, S.         Tamil Nadu         9

Mahajan, P.            Punjab             7

Dhanavandan, S.        Tamil Nadu         5

Mohammed Esmail, S.    Tamil Nadu         4

Trivedi, M.            Gujarat            4

Sharma, C.             New Delhi          4

Sethi, B.B.            Odisha             4

Maharana, B.           Odisha             4

Gupta, B.M.            New Delhi          4

Nagarajan, M.          Tamil Nadu         4

Kannappanavar, B.U.    Karnataka          4

Gupta, R.              Uttar Pradesh      3

Swain, D.K.            Odisha             3

Maharana, R.K.         Odisha             3

Madhusudhan, M.        New Delhi          3

Gul, S.                Jammu and          3
                       Kashmir

Kumar, S.              New Delhi          3

Kumar, D.              Uttar Pradesh      3

Saravanan, G.          Pondicherry        3

Mukherjee, B.          Chhattisgarh       3

Shahid, S.M.           Jammu and          3
                       Kashmir

Table 4: Distribution of paper by type of document

Sl.    Type of        No. of Papers    Percentage
No     Documents         (n=200)          (%)

1      Article             189            94.5
2      Review              10             5.0
3      Short Survey         1             0.5

Table 5: Most frequently used Keywords

S. No.   Frequently Used           No of Papers    Percentage
         Keywords                     (n=200)         (%)

1        Bibliometrics                  10            5.0
2        Authorship pattern             11            5.5
3        India                           7            3.5
4        Scientometrics                 10            5.0
5        Degree of collaboration         5            2.5
6        Author productivity             3            1.5
7        Citation analysis               3            1.5
8        Libraries                       3            1.5
9        Publications                    3            1.5
10       Research productivity           3            1.5
11       Scopus                          3            1.5
12       Bradford's law                  2            1.0
13       Citation impact                 2            1.0

Table 6: Most productive Institutions

S.    Name of the Institutions            Year of      State/
No.                                    Establishment   Territory

1     Annamalai University                 1929        Tamil Nadu

2     University of Kashmir                1956        Jammu & Kashmir

3     Sambalpur University                 1966        Odisha

4     Panjab University                    1882        Punjab

5     Madurai Kamaraj University           1965        Tamil Nadu

6     University of Delhi                  1922        New Delhi

7     Ch. Charan Singh University          1965        Uttar Pradesh

8     Gulbarga University                  1980        Karnataka

9     Aligarh Muslim University            1875        Uttar Pradesh

10    Bharathidasan University             1982        Tamil Nadu

11    University of Jammu                  1969        Jammu & Kashmir

12    Sri Venkateswara University          1954        Andhra Pradesh

13    Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha       1998        New Delhi
      University

14    University of Pune                   1948        Maharashtra

15    National Institute of  Science       1973        New Delhi
      Technology and Development
      Studies

16    Krishnasamy College 16 of            2001        Tamil Nadu
      Engineering and Technology

18    Banaras Hindu University             1916        Uttar Pradesh

19    Bangalore University                 1886        Karnataka

20    Sardar Patel University              1955        Gujarat

21    Utkal University                     1943        Odisha

22    Karnatak University India            1996        Karnataka

23    Tata Consultancy Services            1968               -
      India

24    Kalinga Institute of                 1992        Odisha
      Industrial 24 Technology,
      Bhubaneswar

25    Mizoram University                   2001        Mizoram

S.    Name of the Institutions         No. of  papers    Percentage
No.                                        (n=200)          (%)

1     Annamalai University                   17             8.5

2     University of Kashmir                  16             8.0

3     Sambalpur University                    8             4.0

4     Panjab University                       8             4.0

5     Madurai Kamaraj University              8             4.0

6     University of Delhi                     8             4.0

7     Ch. Charan Singh University             6             3.0

8     Gulbarga University                     6             3.0

9     Aligarh Muslim University               6             3.0

10    Bharathidasan University                5             2.5

11    University of Jammu                     5             2.5

12    Sri Venkateswara University             4             2.0

13    Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha          4             2.0
      University

14    University of Pune                      4             2.0

15    National Institute of  Science          4             2.0
      Technology and Development
      Studies

16    Krishnasamy College 16 of               3             1.5
      Engineering and Technology

18    Banaras Hindu University                3             1.5

19    Bangalore University                    3             1.5

20    Sardar Patel University                 3             1.5

21    Utkal University                        3             1.5

22    Karnatak University India               3             1.5

23    Tata Consultancy Services               3             1.5
      India

24    Kalinga Institute of                    3             1.5
      Industrial 24 Technology,
      Bhubaneswar

25    Mizoram University                      3             1.5

Table 7: Foreign collaboration

Foreign Collaboration   No. of papers (n=200)   Percentage (%)

Saudi Arabia                      2                  1.0
Antigua and Barbuda               1                  0.5
China                             1                  0.5

Table 8: Top cited papers

Authors           Title                              Year    Cited by

Shahid, S. Md.    Use of RFID technology in
                  libraries: A new approach to       2005       16
                  circulation, tracking,
                  inventorying, and security of
                  library materials

Mahajan, P.       Internet use by researchers: A     2006       12
                  Study of Panjab University,
                  Chandigarh

Chikate, R.V.,    Citation analysis of theses in     2008       8
Patil, S.K.       library and information science
                  submitted to university of Pune:
                  A pilot study

Parameshwar,      Use of the internet by faculty     2009       7
S., Patil, D.B.   and research scholars at
                  Gulbarga University Library

Trivedi, M.,      Computer and internet use by       2008       6
Joshi, A.         health care professionals in a
                  rural medical college in India

Mahajan, P.       Academic libraries in India: A     2005       6
                  present-day scenario

Joseph Jestin,    Marketing of information           2002       6
K.J.,             products and services for
Parameswari, B.   libraries in India

Thanuskodi, S.    Information-seeking behavior of    2009       5
                  law faculty at central law
                  college, Salem

Madhusudhan, M.   Marketing of library and           2008       5
                  information services and
                  products in university
                  libraries: A case study of Goa
                  University Library

Nazim, M.,        Status of institutional            2011       4
Mukherjee, B.     repositories in Asian countries:
                  A quantitative study

Varatharajan,     Digital library initiatives at     2007       4
N.,               higher education and research
Chandrashekara,   institutions in India
M.

Vasanthi, M.C.    The changing environment of        2001       4
                  academic libraries: End-user
                  education and planning
                  strategies for libraries in
                  India

Table 9: Authorship pattern & degree of collaboration

Authorship    No. of    Percentage    Total
pattern       Papers        (%)       Authors

Single          73         36.5         73
Double          83         41.5         166
Triple          35         17.5         105
Four             9          4.5         36
Total           200         100         380

Authorship    Mean of      Degree of
pattern       Authors    Collaboration
                           (Mn/Sn+Mn)
Single
Double
Triple          1.90          0.33
Four
Total