Growth and development of Architectural engineering college libraries in Haryana, India.

Kumar, Rajender

Introduction

Architectural engineering education plays a vital role in the building community and educates future leaders in planning and design of outdoor space. Information is a key element for any kind of research and development. Libraries help accelerate knowledge, creation in collaboration with educational and research organizations. The library helps improve collections, maintains, preserves, and organizes documents, cooperates with other institutions and is a link between information sources and users (Ku, 1996). Today's libraries focus on electronic publications to provide rapid access to information and save storage space for traditional resources (Thakur, 2003).

The pillars of the development of libraries and information services are collections, information infrastructure, network with information resources, digitization of information, copyright of electronic resources, multimedia centres, and digital libraries (Skaliczki, 1999). Collection development includes assessing user needs, evaluating the collection, selection policies, and other kinds of planning and coordinating activities. Collection development is not a single activity but a group of activities (Kumar, et al., 2008).

Libraries of Architecture Colleges in Haryana

There are nine libraries of Architecture colleges in the state of Haryana. Eight are private/self-financing colleges; most of these were established from 2006 to 2010.

Literature Review

There is quite a good collection of literature on examining engineering college libraries, but only a few relevant studies have been discussed here. Sharma & Kumar (2010) found that the libraries of textile institutes are making an effort to do well in collection development, services, and infrastructure. Biradar, et al. (2009) did a study on use of information sources and services in library of an agricultural science college. Mahmood & Shafique (2009) found a number of problems with libraries in Pakistan, particularly public and school libraries. Most federal policies do not provide for the establishment of effective libraries. Gul & Khan (2008) discussed that describe how in the British period the Oriental library reached its zenith and that the Mughals also contributed a great deal to the development of Oriental libraries. Vasishta (2007) observed that present situation of deemed universities libraries of north India is not so satisfactory especially in area of professional staff and collection development of e-resources. Rukanci & Anameric (2006) observe that books and library tradition play important role in the scientific, social, and cultural formation of society in a nation. Voorbij & Lemmen (2006) applied the method of list checking in their study to look at books with and without ISBN. Olaojo (2006) states that collection development is a planned, continuous, and cost effective acquisition of quality, relevant materials to meet the needs of users and the objectives of the library. Abd, Mohd. Zain, et al. (2004) did a study on faculty awareness of the collection. Fombad & Mutula (2003) describe the challenges in library collection development in the area of book budgets, electronic material, delays in the delivery of ordered books and evaluation of materials. Turpening (2003) found that law libraries addressed their preservation problems. Byrd (1982) used a statistical method for determining subject strengths and weakness in a library book collection in relation to user demand.

Scope of the Study

The scope of the present study is limited and concerned only to those colleges, which offer degree level courses in the field of Architecture engineering and technology and approved by AICTE and Council of Architecture, India.

Objectives

The study assesses:

* Space and related facilities issues

* The various kinds of resources available in the library.

* Library hours.

* Number of users being served.

* Library staff and their qualifications.

* The collection policies and practices.

* The financial resources and expenditure on equipment.

* Technical processing of documents.

* Library services being provided.

* State of IT applications in the library.

Methodology

A structured questionnaire was designed to collect the primary data. The questionnaire was circulated to nine college libraries in the state and the questionnaires were received from all nine libraries. The presentation and interpretation of the analyzed data are given below.

Libraries in Architecture Colleges
Table 1

S.No.      Name of the        Year of     Name of the  Abbreviation
          Architecture   Establishment    library
           Institution

1        Deen Bandu               2006  Central      DCRUST
         Chhotu Ram                     Library
         Univerasity of
         Science &
         Technology, B.
         Arch.,
         Sonipat.

2        Gateway                  2008  GCAD         GCAD
         College of                     Library
         Architecture &
         Design,
         Sonipat.

3        Faculty of               2009  RPET         RPET
                                        Central
         Architecture                   Library
         R.P.
         Educational
         Trust Group of
         Institutions,
         Karnal.

4        Budha College            2009  BCA Central  BCA
         of                             Library
         Architecture,
         Karnal.
         ICL Institute
         of
         Architecture &
         Town
         Planning,

5        Ambala.                  2009  ICL-ATP      ICLATP
                                        Library

6        Sat Priya                2009  SPSAD        SPSAD
         School of                      Library
         Architecture
         and Design,
         Rohtak.

7        Lingaya's                1998  LU Central   LU
         University, B.                 Library
         Arch.,
         Faridabad

8        Sushant School           1989  SSAA,        SSAA
         of Arts &                      Library
         Architecture,
         Gurgaon.

9        Om Institute             2010  OM IMT       OMIAD
         of                             Central
         Architecture                   Library
         and Design,
         Hisar.

S.No.     Type of
         Institute

1        Govt.

2        Private

3        Private

4        Private

5        Private

6        Private

7        Public
         Sector

8        Private

9        Private

There are nine Architecture engineering colleges in Haryana state. All offer a bachelor's degree in architecture. All are self-financed except DCRUST. Only three colleges namely DCRUST, GCAD and LU provide a master's degree in architecture engineering.

Analysis

Library Opening Hours

Table 2
Institute   Monday   Saturday  Sunday &  Examination   Vacations
              to               Holidays      Day
            Friday

DCRUST     8 am - 7  9 am - 5  9 am - 5  9 am - 5 pm   9 am - 5
           pm        pm        pm                      pm

GCAD       9 am - 6  closed    closed    9 am - 6 pm   9 am - 6
           pm                                          pm

RPET       9 am-     9 am      Close     9 am - 4.30   9 am -
           4.30 pm   -1.00 pm            pm            4.30 pm

BCA        9 am-5    9 am-5    Close     9 am-5 pm     9 am-5 pm
           pm        pm

ICL-ATP    9 am-     Off       Close     9 am- 3.50    9 am- 3.50
           3.50 pm                       pm            pm

SPSAD      9:30am-   9:30am-   Close     9:30am- 5.00  9:30am-
           5.00 pm   5.00 pm             pm            5.00 pm

LU         8.30 am-  1st and   Close     8.30 am -     Vacation
           4 pm      3rd                 5.30 pm

SSAA       9 am-5    Close     Close     9 am-5 pm     9 am-5 pm
           pm

OMIAD      9 am-5    9 am-5    9 am-5    9 am - 5 pm   9 am - 4
           pm        pm        pm                      pm

Library opening time is an important factor in the utilization of library collections, Table 2 shows that each library has different time schedule. Two libraries 'DCRUST & OMIAD' are kept open for seven days in a week for eight hours a day.

Seating Capacity

Table 3

Space     DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD   LU   SSAA  OMIAD

Area in      675   125   800  100              80  2000   164    400
Sq. Mt.

Seating      150    40   150   20       30     40   500    50     80
Capacity

Open                 -   120   20                     v
Access

Others               -    30    -                     v            -

Table 3 describes the area and the seating capacity of all the responding libraries.

Print Collections

Table 4

Print Media     DCRUST   GCAD   RPET    BCA   ICL-ATP   SPSAD    LU

Books           41,2006   2000  25000    700       810    700  75000

Reference         4,307    700   4500    240       398    100  10000
collection

Journal subs.      1335     14    148     09        10     10    150
during current
year

Number of back  4 years   3000    164               08      -    600
volumes

Thesis and         3200     08             -         -     10
dissertations

Reports                     05             -         -     10   5000

Patents                                    -         -      -

Standards          4000     10            10        15     20     75

Map/Atlases                 05             -        05     50     15

Any other,      10 News     04    10,     5,  10, News    10,    20,

Pl.specify        Paper   News   News   News     Paper   News   News
                         Paper  Paper  Paper            Paper  Paper

Print Media       SSAA     OMIAD

Books                6150   10000

Reference            1855     500
collection

Journal subs.          27      20
during current
year

Number of back       6500
volumes

Thesis and           1200       -
dissertations

Reports               120       -

Patents                 -       -

Standards               -       -

Map/Atlases            50       -

Any other,            15,  8 News

Pl.specify      Newspaper   paper

Table 4 presents the library print collections. It shows that DCRUST and LU libraries have good collections of print materials.

Scheme of Classification and Cataloguing

Table 5

Institute  Classification  Catalogue  Physical form   Periodical
               Scheme        Code     of Catalogue      Record

DCRUST     DDC22           AACR II    Card           Register

GCAD       DDC22           -          Computerized   Register

RPET       DDC 22          -          Computerized   Register

BCA        UDC                        -              Register

ICL-ATP    DDC22                      Computerized   Register

SPSAD      DDC22                      -              Register

LU         DDC22           AACR II    Computerized   Computerized

SSAA       UDC             AACR II    Computerized   Register

OMIAD                                 -              Register

Table 5 shows that DCRUST, GCAD, RPET, ICL-ATP, SPSAD & LU libraries are using DDC22 scheme to classify the library material while BCA & SSAA libraries use UDC scheme. As far as cataloguing is concerned DCRUST, LU& SSAA libraries are, using AACR II while rest of the libraries do not respond to these questions. Computerized catalogue maintained by GCAD, RPET, ICL-ATP, LU & SSAA except DCRUST library. Register system is used by all responding libraries for the recording of periodicals except LU libraries.

Library Access

Any one type of the library may use both open and closed access system. In open access system, the users have the freedom to go the shelves to select the books, reading materials that they wish to read while in the closed library system books have to be fetched by the staff. Open access system helps in increasing the ease of libraries and library materials. The study presents that all the libraries have the open access system except OMIAD library.

Library Staff Pay

Without work force, it is not possible to make a library and its successful working. Library staff is the primary concern, like books available in the library, with more and more responsibility. Under the study, the result shows that DCRUST and LU libraries pay the salary to the library staff according to the rules while others responding library pay the consolidated salary to the library staff.

Finance is the most vital factor that determines the effectiveness of a library. Adequate funds are necessary to build library collections, to provide services to their users and to purchase and maintain various equipments. Figure 4 present the library annual budget of the responding libraries.

Library Orientation Programs

Table 6

Reference      DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD  LU  SSAA  OMIAD

Service

Lecture cum    v       v     v     v    v        v      v   -     -
demonstration
Computer       -       -     -     -    v        -      -   -     -
training

Audio-visual   -       -     v     -    v        -      -   -     -
Aid

Written        -       -     v     v    v        v      -   -     -
materials

Any other,     -       -     v     -    v        -      -   -     -
pl.specify

Orientation is a much-needed program of library resources and services. Orientation is designed to answer questions before they are asked and to provide solutions before problems occur.

Circulation Systems

Table 7

Charging/Discharging  DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD  LU  SSAA
system

Computerized system   -       -     v     -    v        -       v

Register system       -                   v    v        v      -

Browne system         v       v     v          -        -      v

Ne wark system        -       -     -          -        -      -

Any other(any         -       -     -     -    -        -      -
others)

Charging/Discharging  OMIAD
system

Computerized system   v
Register system       v
Browne system         -
Ne wark system        -
Any other(any         -
others)

Circulation is the most important and used services in any academic library where users charge and discharge library documents. To make an easy process of circulation a library may use one of the many charging systems. Table 7 describes ICL and OMIAD libraries use computerized and Register system for charging and discharging of books. RPET library use computerized and Browne system while BCA and SPSAD libraries use register system to circulate the books. DCRUST, GCAD and SSAA libraries use brown system.

Issuing of Books

Table 8

Circulation on          DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD  LU

                Books       20    10    05   06       06     08   08
                No. of     180   180    90   14       30    180  180
                Day

Faculty         Fine               -          -        -      -    -
                Books        6    02    02   02       03     04   04

Students        No. of      14    14    14   07       14     07   15
                Day
                Fine        01          02   01       02      -   05
                Books       02    10    05   06       06     10   08

Administrative  No. of     180   180    90   14       30    180  180
Staff           Day
                Fine               -          -        -      -    -
                Books       04    03    02   02       02     04   02

Teaching        No. of     108   180    90   07       30     30   15
Sporting Staff  Day
                Fine               -          -        -      -    -

Circulation on  SSAA  OMIAD

                  05     05
                  15     90

Faculty                   -
                  02     02

Students          07     14
                  05     01
                  05     05

Administrative    15     90
Staff
                   -      -
                  05     05

Teaching          15     90

Sporting Staff     -      -

Table 8 shows the varying policies on number of books that can be checked out, and fines accessed on user category.

Other Services

Table 9

Services      DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD  LU  SSAA  OMIAD

CAS           v       v     v     v    v        v      v   v     v

SDI           v       -     v     v    v        -      v   -     -

ILL           v       -     v     v    -        -      v   -     -

Photocopy     v       v     v     v    v        v      v   v     v
Service

Bibliography  -       -     v     -    v        v      v   v     -
services

Translation   -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -
Service

Reservation   -       v     v     v    v        v      v   -     -
of Books

Book Bank     v       v     v     -    -        v      v   v     v

Any other     -       -     -     -    -        -      v   -     -

Table 9 presents the others services being provided in responding libraries. CAS and photocopy services offered by the all-responding libraries rather than rest others services of library.

Library Automation

Table 10

Automation  DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD  LU  SSAA  OMIAD

Fully       -       -     -     -    -        -      v   -     -

Partially   v       -     v     -    v        -      -   v     v

Proposed    -       v     -     v    -        v      -   -     -

This is the need of time to develop library automation to make easy use of library activities. Table 10 describes under study, the status of library automation of the responding libraries

Multi Media Hardware

Table 11

Hardware    DCRUST  GCAD   RPET   BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD    LU    SSAA

Monitor         15    02      04   02       03     04      25    04

Scanner          -    01      01   01       01     01      01    02

Fax              -     -       -    -        -      -      01    01

Telephone       02     -      01   01       01     01      03    01

T.V.             -     -       -    -        -      -      02    01

LCD              -     -       -   01        -      -      01    01
Projector

CD Net           -     -      04   01        -      -      01    01
server

CD Rome          -     -      02    -        -      -      01    01
Tower

Back up         05    02      01   01       02     02      01    02
devices

UPS             05    01  Online   02       01     04  Online    04

CD Drive         -    02       -    -       03     04      06    04

Multimedia       -    02      03   01       02      -      01    01
Kit

Server          01    01      01   01       01      -      01    01

Dot matrix      01     -      01    -        -     01      01    01
printer

Line             -     -       -    -        -      -      01    01
printer

Ink-jet          -     -       -    -        -      -      01    01
printer

Laser           03    01      01   02       01      -      01    01
printer

Bar code         -     -      01    -       01      -      01     -
printer

Hardware    OMIAD

Monitor        05

Scanner         -

Fax             -

Telephone       -

T.V.            -

LCD             -
Projector

CD Net          -
server

CD Rome         -
Tower

Back up        02
devices

UPS            05

CD Drive        -

Multimedia      -
Kit

Server         01

Dot matrix      -
printer

Line            -
printer

Ink-jet         -
printer

Laser           -
printer

Bar code        -
printer

Table 11 present the data relating to the number of multimedia facilities available in the responding libraries. All the responding libraries have comparable equipment and IT infrastructures.

Operating System

Table 12

Operating  DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD  LU  SSAA  OMIAD
System

Window 95  -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

Window 98  -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

Window     -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -
2000

Window ME  -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

Window XP  v       v     v     v    v        v      v   v     v

Window NT  -       -     -          -        -      -   -     -

Window     -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -
Unix

Linux      -       -     -     -    v        -      -   -     -

Other      -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

Table 12 reveals the operating system. It shows that window XP is maximum used by all the responding libraries. ICL library use both XP and Linux operating systems.

Use of Library Software

Table 13

Library    DCRUST  GCAD    RPET     BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD    LU     SSAA
Software

LIBSYS     v       -     -        -    -        -      -        -

SOUL       -       -     -        -    -        -      -        -

ALICE for  -       -     -        -    -        -      -        -
Window

SANJAY     -       -     -        -    -        -      -        -

CDS/ISIS   -       -     -        -    -        -      -        -

WINISIS    -       -     -        -    -        -      -        -

TECH.      -       -     -        -    -        -      -        -
LIBPLUS

KOHA       -       -     -        -    v        -      -        -

Any Other  -       -     Autosys  -    -        -      Glodyne  v
(in
house

Library    OMIAD
Software

LIBSYS     -

SOUL       -

ALICE for  -
Window

SANJAY     -

CDS/ISIS   -

WINISIS    -

TECH.      v
LIBPLUS

KOHA       -

Any Other  -
(in
house

Table 13 describes the use of library software. Libsys is used by DCRUST library while TECH. LIBPLUS and KOHA are used by OMIAD and ICL library. Rest of the libraries use house built library software.

Digital Library Activities

Table 14

Institute  Acquisition  Cataloguing/  Reference  Circulation
             system         OPAC       service     system

DCRUST     Proposed     Proposed      Proposed   Proposed

GCAD       Proposed     Proposed      Proposed   Proposed

RPET       Fully        Fully         Partially  Fully

BCA        Proposed     Proposed      Proposed   Proposed

ICL-ATP    Fully        Fully         Partially  Fully

SPSAD      Proposed     Proposed      Proposed   Proposed

LU         Fully        Fully         Fully      Fully

SSAA       Proposed     Proposed      Proposed   Proposed

OMIAD      Partially    Proposed      Proposed   Partially

Institute  Audio-visual   CAS/SDI   Newspaper    Any
              system                clipping     other
                                     service

DCRUST     Proposed      Proposed   Proposed   Proposed

GCAD       Proposed      Proposed   Proposed   Proposed

RPET       Proposed      Partially  Partially  Proposed

BCA        Proposed      Proposed   Proposed   Proposed

ICL-ATP    Proposed      Partially  Fully      Proposed

SPSAD      Proposed      Proposed   Proposed   Proposed

LU         Fully         Fully      Fully      Fully

SSAA       Proposed      Proposed   Proposed   Proposed

OMIAD      Proposed      Proposed   Proposed   Proposed

Table 14 presents the situation of computerized activities in digital library of the responding libraries.

Consortia Membership

Table 15

Consortia  DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD  LU  SSAA  OMIAD

INDEST     v       -     v     -    -        -      v   -     -

UGC-Info   -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -
NET

CSIR       -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

Any other  -       -     -     -    J-Gate   -      -   -     -

Table 15 shows the consortia membership. DCRUST, RPET and LU libraries are the member of INDEST-AICTE while ICL is the member of J-gate. GCAD, BCA, SPSAD, SSAA & OMIAD libraries have no membership of any consortia.

Library Networking

Table 16

Network      DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL  SPSAD  LU   SSAA  OMIAD

Independent  -       -     -     -    -    -      -    -     -
library
network

Part of      v       v     v     -    v    v      v    v     v
institute
network

Type of      LAN     LAN   LAN   -    LAN  LAN    LAN  LAN   LAN
network

Table 16 reveals that all the responding libraries have LAN connectivity and are the part of their respective institute's network.

Member of Library Network

Table 17

Library    DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD  LU  SSAA  OMIAD
Network

INFLIBNET  -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

NICNET     -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

ERNET      -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

DELNET     v       -     -     -    -        -      v   -     -

CALIBNET   -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

Any other  -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

Table 17 presents the member of library network. It shows that DCRUST and LU is the member of DELNET while other responding libraries are not the member of any library network, which is a problem in the age of resource sharing.

Internet Service Providers

Table 18

Internet  DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD  LU  SSAA  OMIAD
Service
Provider

ERNET     -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

VSNL      -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

ASIANET   -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

Satyam    -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

BSNL      v       v     v     -    -        -          v     v

Reliance  -       v     -          v        v          -     -

Any       -       -     -          -        -      v   -     -
Other

BSNL and reliance are the favorite ISP of responding libraries Internet Connections

Table 19

Connection  DCRUST  GCAD  RPET  BCA  ICL-ATP  SPSAD  LU  SSAA  OMIAD

Leased      v       v     v     -    v        -      v   -     -
Line

Ordinary    -       -     -     -    -        v      -   -     -
Dial up

ISDN        -       -     -     -    -        -      -   v     v

VSAT        -       -     -     -    -        -      -   -     -

Table 19 reveals the internet connection. DCRUST, GCAD, RPET, ICL-ATP & LU libraries have leased line while SSAA and OMIAD libraries have the ISDN. Only SPSAD has the ordinary Dial up internet connection.

Conclusion

The result of the study of architecture engineering college libraries in Haryana state shows that most libraries have started functioning during the last three years. It depicts the current situation of these libraries. There is an urgent need for improvement in the collection and strength of library staff and to prepare library annual budget to build library collections, to provide quality of services to their users, purchase, and maintain equipment. Libraries under study lack automation and staff are poorly paid (except in the DCRUST and LU libraries). It is urgent to build a well-qualified professional staff, create digital libraries, and provide quality service in technical colleges. With the improvement of staff and IT status in the library, we will soon see modern libraries that can achfieve: "the right information to the right person at the right time in the right manner."

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Rajender Kumar

Librarian Panipat Institute of Engineering & Technology (PIET) 70 K.M., G.T. Karnal Road Pattikalyana, Samalkha, Panipat (Haryana)-132102, India