摘要：THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY WERE TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF MACRO FUNGI GROWING IN THE ”PARQUE EDUCATIVO LAGUNA BELGICA” (PELB), IN CHIAPAS, MEXICO AND TO DETERMINE THE DIVERSITY AND SIMILARITY INDEXES FOR ITS MYCOBIOTA IN EACH TYPE OF VEGETATION. TWENTY FOUR MYCOLOGICAL EXPLORATIONS WERE MADE DURING A YEAR, RESULTING IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF 144 SPECIES (24 ASCOMYCOTA AND 120 BASIDIOMYCOTA). THE DIVERSITY OF FUNGAL SPECIES WAS DETERMINED THROUGH THE INDEX OF SIMPSON AND THE SIMILARITY AMONG THE EXISTING MYCOBIOTA INSIDE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF VEGETATION WAS DETERMINED BY MEANS OF THE INDEX OF SORENSEN. THE INDEX OF DIVERSITY POINTED OUT THAT THE VEGETATION WITH THE MOST DIVERSE MYCOBIOTA WAS QUERCUS ELLIPTICA FOREST (D= 0.9678) WHICH PRESENTED GREATER SIMILARITY THAN THE FOREST OF LIQUIDAMBAR STYRACIFL UA (IS= 83%). ROT WOOD WAS FOUND TO BE THE MOST FREQUENTLY USED SUBSTRATUM FOR THE MACROMYCETES (57.63%). TWENTY TWO SPECIES OF POTENTIAL USE FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION WERE FOUND, DETERMINING A MYCOLOGICAL VALUE OF 15.27 % FOR THE AREA. TWENTY TWO SPECIES WERE CONSIDERED AS NEW RECORDS FOR THE STATE OF CHIAPAS; 4 ASCOMYCETES SCUTELLINIA SCUTELLATA, XYLARIA AMPHITELE, CHLOROCIBORIA AERUGINOSA, X. PERSICARIA AND 18 BASIDIOMYCETES (AMANITA PANTHERINA, GEASTRUM STRIATUM, HYDNUM REPANDUM, HYGROCYBE MINIATA, SCLERODERMA VERRUCOSUM, COTYLIDIA DIAPHANA, LACTARIUS INDIGO, PHLOGIOTIS HELVELLOIDES, HYDNOCHAETE OLIVACEAE, PHELLINUS FERRUGINOSUS, P. CONTIGUUS, P.RUFITINCTUS, THELEPHORA TERRESTRIS, T. CERVICORNIS, PERENNIPORIA OHIENSIS, DIPLOMITOPORUS LENIS, SCHIZOPORA PARADOXA AND TREMELLA FUCIFORMIS.
关键词：wild fungi;Quercus forest;Liquidambar forest;herbaceus brushwood;Macromycetes;fungal diversity;hongos silvestres;bosque de Quercus;bosque de Liquidambar;matorral herbáceo;diversidad fúngica
