摘要：In Europe, the Council Directive 89/391 for improvement of workers’ safety and healthhas emphasized the importance of addressing all occupational risk factors, and hence alsopsychosocial and organizational risk factors. Nevertheless, the construct of “work-relatedstress” elaborated from EU-OSHA is not totally corresponding with the “psychosocial”risk, that is a broader category of risk, comprising various and different psychosocial riskfactors. The term “burnout”, without any binding definition, tries to integrate symptomsas well as cause of the burnout process. In Europe, the most important methods developedfor the work related stress risk assessment are based on the Cox’s transactionalmodel of job stress. Nevertheless, there are more specific models for predicting burnoutsyndrome. This literature review provides an overview of job burnout, highlighting themost important models of job burnout, such as the Job Strain, the Effort/Reward Imbalanceand the Job Demands-Resources models. The difference between these models andthe Cox’s model of job stress is explored.
