The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination and the response to vaccine in individuals on haemodialysis with and without HCV infection. From April 2000 to September 2003 all haemodialysis patients referred to the haemodialysis department in a Babol hospital received 4 µg vaccine intramuscularly at 0, 1, and 6 months. All were negative for HBV infection markers (HBcAb, HBsAg and HBsAb). Of 62 patients, 53 (85.5%) responded to vaccination and 26 (49.1%) were high responders. All individuals with HCV infection responded to vaccination. Duration of haemodialysis had no effect on response to vaccination.