We investigated the incidence of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) virus infection among patients with liver disease in Qatar from 2000 to 2005. The grading and staging of HBV and HCV cases were obtained from pathology reports at the principal reference laboratory for Qatar. Of the 915 liver patients studied, 29.4% had HCV and 2.5% had HBV. The incidence of HBV and HCV infection was greater in non-Qataris than Qatari nationals and in males than females, especially for HCV. Most cases were uncomplicated (89.0%) and had no inflammation (76.4%). The incidence of HCV has been increasing in liver patients in recent years up to a rate of 481 per 1000 patients with liver disease in 2005.