摘要：The aim of this study is to discover the mechanisms of muscle force generation in spike and to determine the methodologyof its development in the training course of the elite volleyball players. For this purpose the biomechanical and functionalanalyses of muscle force generation were performed and the methodology of its development was proposed. Eccentriccontraction is used to generate muscle force in spike in landing, however, in all other cases one uses a reversiblecontraction. To achieve good results in spike one must have developed muscle force generation of all muscle groupsinvolved in the realization of spike, then a well developed motor units recruitment velocity and a good synchronization oftheir work, the maximum force of certain groups of motor units, muscle force generation change velocity, inter andintramuscular coordination. The maximum values of the specified parameters in the elite volleyball players are achieved inthe time interval ranging from 0.005 s to 0.082 s. The maximum muscle force production velocities in the elite volleyballplayers are ranging from 3440.00 daN.s-1 to 14988.69daN.s-1 at the motor units recruitment velocity ranging from22.00 IU to 95.0 IU. The force of certain groups of motor units of the knee extensors in elite volleyball players ranges from1.09 daN to 105.14 daN. During the vertical-landing jumps the elite volleyball players synchronize up to 94.7% of theleg extensors motor units. The greatest impact on the enormous increase in muscle force along with theshortening time of its generation in reversible contractions in service is attributed to the disinhibition processat all levels. In accordance with the results of the analysis a muscle force development methodology is suggested inwhich, in addition to mastering the disinhibition process, the whole set of required parameters is devised, on which thelevel and muscle force generation velocity depend, on a daily, weekly, monthly and annual basis, applying the appropriateresources and methods for each particular parameter.
关键词：volleyball; force; velocity; motor units; synchronization
