摘要：This article is an analysis of thought in favor of forestry and preservation of Brazilian forests and their role in the organization and making of the Forest Service in Brazil during the First Republic. It also analyzed the links between these ideas with the agricultural sector. It is a study on the value of science in Brazil and its role both in agriculture and in the exploitation of natural resources, but specifically forests. Approaches to this end the thought of scientists, farmers and statesmen played on a document involving the Ministry of Agriculture, scientific and agricultural magazines, brochures of agriculture secretaries, among others. Finally, emphasis is a theoretical perspective based on the Environmental History, tuning and the economic issues.
