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  • 标题:The ins and outs of breath holding: simple demonstrations of complex respiratory physiology
  • 本地全文:下载
  • 作者:Rachel J. Skow ; Trevor A. Day ; Jonathan E. Fuller
  • 期刊名称:Advances in Physiology Education
  • 印刷版ISSN:1043-4046
  • 电子版ISSN:1522-1229
  • 出版年度:2015
  • 卷号:39
  • 期号:3
  • 页码:223-231
  • DOI:10.1152/advan.00030.2015
  • 语种:English
  • 出版社:The American Physiological Society
  • 摘要:

    The physiology of breath holding is complex, and voluntary breath-hold duration is affected by many factors, including practice, psychology, respiratory chemoreflexes, and lung stretch. In this activity, we outline a number of simple laboratory activities or classroom demonstrations that illustrate the complexity of the integrative physiology behind breath-hold duration. These activities require minimal equipment and are easily adapted to small-group demonstrations or a larger-group inquiry format where students can design a protocol and collect and analyze data from their classmates. Specifically, breath-hold duration is measured during a number of maneuvers, including after end expiration, end inspiration, voluntary prior hyperventilation, and inspired hyperoxia. Further activities illustrate the potential contribution of chemoreflexes through rebreathing and repeated rebreathing after a maximum breath hold. The outcome measures resulting from each intervention are easily visualized and plotted and can comprise a comprehensive data set to illustrate and discuss complex and integrated cardiorespiratory physiology.

  • 关键词:oxygen; carbon dioxide; chemoreflexes; Hering-Breuer reflex; feedback loops
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