摘要：Disasters have various physical, psychological, social and economical effects on all age group, particularly children who are more vulnerable than adults. In the aftermath of disasters, children like pregnant women, elderly and handicaps are special group with special needs. This is because they are at greater risk based on their specific physiological and psychological characteristics . Moreover,, according to the Sendai document, children need more attention in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)programs design, policies implementation with a proactive approach in Disaster Risk Reduction ADDIN EN.CITE Stough 2015 1819 1819 1819 17 Stough, Laura M Kang, Donghyun The Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction and persons with disabilities International Journal of Disaster Risk Science International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 140-149 6 2 2015 Springer 2095-0055 > (1) . In the Sendai document it is emphasized that policies regarding disaster risk reduction, cognition and risk perception about the risk property should be considered based upon the hazards and the environment in terms of vulnerability, capacity and exposure ADDIN EN.CITE Aitsi-Selmi 2015 1817 1817 1817 17 Aitsi-Selmi, Amina Egawa, Shinichi Sasaki, Hiroyuki Wannous, Chadia Murray, Virginia The Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction: Renewing the global commitment to people’s resilience, health, and well-being International Journal of Disaster Risk Science International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 164-176 6 2 2015 Springer 2095-0055 > (2) .Hyogo framework for action was also already have been focused on child priority on the legislation program ADDIN EN.CITE ISDR 2005 1820 1820 1820 10 ISDR, UN Hyogo framework for action 2005-2015: building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters Extract from the final report of the World Conference on Disaster Reduction (A/CONF. 206/6) 2005 > (3) . Accordingly, it is necessary to involve children in disaster risk reduction programs actively in order to overcome their needs and their problems ADDIN EN.CITE Seballos 2011 1791 1791 1791 17 Seballos, Fran Tanner, Thomas Enabling child-centred agency in disaster risk reduction Geneva: Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction. UNISDR Geneva: Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction. UNISDR 2011 > (4) . As children are more affected groups in various aspects of disasters in most countries, their potential utilization, the conditions and space should be provided based on laws, national policies, training and capacity. Although after disaster children required particular needs and attention ADDIN EN.CITE Wisner 2012 1821 1821 1821 6 - type> Wisner, Ben Gaillard, Jean C Kelman, Ilan Handbook of Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management 2012 year> Routledge 1136918698 https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=mY23AwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR1&dq=IFRC,+Disaster+Risk+Reduction:+A+Global+Advocacy+Guide&ots=loRivDOP7Q&sig=qPXDgRcqzH9epwsYL8A5jbzVXrY#v=onepage&q=IFRC%2C%20Disaster%20Risk%20Reduction%3A%20A%20Global%20Advocacy%20Guide&f=false 2015/25/12 Ciottone > Year>2015 1823 1823 1823 6 Ciottone, GregoryR Biddinger, Paul D Darling, Robert G Fares, Saleh Keim, Mark E Molloy, Michael S Suner, Selim Ciottone'sDisaster Medicine 2015 Elsevier Health Sciences 0323358462 > (5-6) , they should be considered as an active group who could participate in DRR program and help their family and also the community . ADDIN EN.CITE Seballos 2011 1791 1791 1791 17 Seballos, Fran Tanner, Thomas Enabling child-centred agency in disaster risk reduction Geneva: Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction. UNISDR Geneva: Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction. UNISDR 2011 > Seballos 2011 1792 1792 1792 17 Seballos, Fran Tanner, Thomas Tarazona, Marcela Gallegos, Jose Children and disasters: Understanding impact and enabling agency 2011 IDS > (4, 7) Some evidences suggest on value of children team working for community preparedness. Iran had a successful experience for using adolescence capacity as a pillar in activation of early warning; including notification announced while observing the rising sea levels for local community in order to reduce the risk of flood disaster at a local area in the North of Iran . According to the Hyogo and the Sendai documents, it seems that using capacity of community, particularly with focus on children in risk assessment, disaster risk reduction and disaster preparedness in communities are therefore much more important ever. To our best knowledge, due to scare studies in child capacity for disaster risk reduction it is necessary that researchers concentrate on further studies regarding how to use the children potential to reduce both natural and manmade disasters risk in forthcoming years.
