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  • 标题:Physical Zero-Knowledge Proofs for Akari, Takuzu, Kakuro and KenKen
  • 本地全文:下载
  • 作者:Xavier Bultel ; Jannik Dreier ; Jean-Guillaume Dumas
  • 期刊名称:LIPIcs : Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics
  • 电子版ISSN:1868-8969
  • 出版年度:2016
  • 卷号:49
  • 页码:8:1-8:20
  • DOI:10.4230/LIPIcs.FUN.2016.8
  • 出版社:Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik
  • 摘要:Akari, Takuzu, Kakuro and KenKen are logic games similar to Sudoku. In Akari, a labyrinth on a grid has to be lit by placing lanterns, respecting various constraints. In Takuzu a grid has to be filled with 0's and 1's, while respecting certain constraints. In Kakuro a grid has to be filled with numbers such that the sums per row and column match given values; similarly in KenKen a grid has to be filled with numbers such that in given areas the product, sum, difference or quotient equals a given value. We give physical algorithms to realize zero-knowledge proofs for these games which allow a player to show that he knows a solution without revealing it. These interactive proofs can be realized with simple office material as they only rely on cards and envelopes. Moreover, we formalize our algorithms and prove their security.
  • 关键词:Physical Cryptography; ZKP; Games; Akari; Kakuro; KenKen; Takuzu
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