标题：Determination of Organophosphate Pesticides Residues in Fruits, Vegetables and Health Risk Assessment Among Consumers in Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand
摘要：Background: The group of insecticide which is high effective to prevent and control pest on crop cultivation is organophosphate insecticides (OPs) group. Methodology: In this study 17 organophosphate insecticides residues in 126 fruits and 73 vegetable samples were investigated from wet market and supermarkets around Muang district, Chiang Mai province, Northern Thailand. Results: The OPs insecticides were determinative by gas chromatography-flame photometric detection (GC-FPD). The most common residue was chlorpyrifos (21.43% in fruit sample and 31.50% in vegetable samples). The residue in sample found not to exceed maximum residue limit (MRL) of Codex Thai and Codex WHO/FAO. Furthermore, the residues of profenofos and triazophos in orange samples were exceeding MRL of Codex WHO/FAO (0.07 mg kg1) at 0.531 and 0.118 mg kg1, respectively. The residue concentration data were used for OPs risk assessing from fruits and vegetables intake. The 261 consumers who work in Chiang Mai government center were assed risk from OPs intake by using Hazard Index (HI). The HI was calculated for short and long term risk of toxicity and assess by parameter of risk (<100% indicates that there was no risk of toxic effects and >100% indicates that risk of poisoning). The short-term risk assessed in consumers male, female and overview were shown aHI at 77.08, 62.15 and 56.32%, respectively and long-term risk assessment was shown cHI 109.39, 88.21 and 79.94%, respectively. Conclusion: The results shown had no risk of toxicity among this group of consumers except men consumers who had health risk of chronic toxicity.
