To investigate the difference of optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings between the aflibercept treatment group and the ranibizumab treatment group.

This study includes patients diagnosed with treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and they were treated with aflibercept (n = 23, 23 eyes) or ranibizumab (n = 26, 26 eyes) monthly for 3 months. In this study, the aflibercept treatment group patients were treated from March 2014 to April 2015, and the ranibizumab treatment group patients were treated from December 2008 to April 2015. After three initial injections, they were followed up monthly for an additional 3 months, and additional treatments were performed if necessary. We compared the changes of the two groups before the treatment and after 6 months of treatment, beginning with the OCT findings, such as serous pigment epithelium detachment, fibrovascular pigment epithelium detachment, subretinal fluid, intraretinal fluid, dense zone of outer retina, classic neovascularization, and hyper- reflective dots. We also compared the changes of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) length, external limiting membrane length, and central foveal thickness with optical OCT between the two groups.

In the aflibercept group, 46% of serous epithelial detachments disappeared, while 33% disappeared in the ranibizumab group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.01). There was no significant difference in BCVA change or OCT findings between the two groups, but there was a significant difference in serous pigment epithelium detachment.

For treatment of neovascular AMD patients, aflibercept might be more effective in serous pigment epithelium detachment than ranibizumab. Because there was no significant difference in visual acuity improvement in serous pigment detachment for both treatments, it might be necessary to further study the relationship between visual acuity and serous pigment detachment improvement.