期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2016
卷号：113
期号：46
页码：E7231-E7239
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1603738113
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：SignificanceSome viruses, including lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus clone 13, shut down the ability of CD4 T lymphocytes to produce IL-2, a cytokine required for the survival and function of T lymphocytes. This shutdown contributes to exhaustion of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes and chronic viral infection of the host. The underlying mechanism responsible for the loss of cytokine production by CD4 T cells remains poorly understood. We demonstrate that the expression of a protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTPN22, contributes to chronic viral infection. PTPN22 increases the production of IFN-{beta} following infection, resulting in increased expression of the cAMP response element modulator (CREM) in CD4 T lymphocytes. CREM prevents production of IL-2, thereby contributing to T-cell exhaustion and chronic viral infection. The protein encoded by the autoimmune-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 gene, PTPN22, has wide-ranging effects in immune cells including suppression of T-cell receptor signaling and promoting efficient production of type I interferons (IFN-I) by myeloid cells. Here we show that mice deficient in PTPN22 resist chronic viral infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus clone 13 (LCMV cl13). The numbers and function of viral-specific CD4 T lymphocytes is greatly enhanced, whereas expression of the IFN{beta}-induced IL-2 repressor, cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM) is reduced. Reduction of CREM expression in wild-type CD4 T lymphocytes prevents the loss of IL-2 production by CD4 T lymphocytes during infection with LCMV cl13. These findings implicate the IFN{beta}/CREM/IL-2 axis in regulating T-lymphocyte function during chronic viral infection.
