摘要：This Article contributes to the scholarship on transitional justice by examining how the legal architecture and operation of international criminal law constricts bystanders as subjects of jurisprudence, considering the effects of this limitation on the ability of international tribunals to promote their social and political goals, and proposing institutional reforms needed to address this limitation.
关键词：Criminal justice; Bystanders; Atrocities; War crimes; International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia; Tribunals; Armed conflicts; International Criminal Court; Trials; Prosecutor v. Simic; Yugoslavia; Bosina and Herzegovina; Legal institutions
