摘要：La régionalisation de l’économie mondiale dessine de grands ensembles dans lesquels on constate une croissance du commerce intrarégional et, éventuellement, le développement de relations d’interdépendance entre Etats. Quelle est la situation de la Russie, de l’Ukraine, de la Moldavie et du Belarus au regard de la formation de la région économique européenne ? L’analyse des échanges commerciaux en valeur permet de nuancer l’idée que ces pays seraient en cours d’intégration dans cet ensemble. En outre, le calcul de l’intensité réelle des échanges bilatéraux permet d’apporter davantage de nuances. Il confirme l’idée qu’il y a une dérégionalisation de l’ancien espace soviétique. Néanmoins, il montre que l’intensité des relations commerciales bilatérales reste très forte au sein de la CEI, tandis qu’elle demeure faible avec l’Europe de l’ouest. Ce tableau incite à penser que la Russie ne peut pas être considérée totalement comme une périphérie économique de l’Union européenne.
其他摘要：The process of regionalization, inside the broader process of globalization, gives way to the formation of large economic regions inside which one can notice the rapid growth of internal trade flows and eventually the growing importance of economic interdependency. What is the situation of Russia and the Western New Independent States (Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova) regarding the development of the European economic region, which encompasses the UE 25 and almost all its neighbours? Are they on their way to a growing integration in this region or not? To give some solid elements of answer to these questions is quite difficult. If one takes into account only the simple value of exchanges between Western NIS and Europe, two conclusions may be drawn: the growing importance of Russia, and CIS as a whole, among the commercial partners of EU; the importance of EU as the first trade partner of a majority of Newly Independent States; the relative decline of EU among the commercial partners of Russia whose external trade has been growing more rapidly with the rest of the world than with EU since the 1990s. In order to qualify the idea of regionalisation and economic integration of Eastern neighbours of EU, one must also take into account the real intensity of bilateral trade in using another indicator: coefficients of relative bilateral intensity of trade. This indicator is very much relevant in so far as it is influenced neither by the demographic size nor by the economic weight of commercial partners. It confirms the idea that the intensity of trade relations inside the former USSR is still high, despite a clear decrease since the 1990s, while it is much lower with the EEC and even lower with Western Europe. Such conclusions prevent us from considering Russia and the Western NIS as simple peripheries of EU, especially Russia whose regional political and economic influence has been significantly growing since the beginning of Putin’s presidency.
关键词：régionalisation; région économique; échange commercial; coefficient d’intensité relative bilatérale des échanges; Russie; CEI; Union européenne
其他关键词：regionalization; European Union; economic region; bilateral trade; coefficient of relative bilateral intensity of trade; Russia; NIS
