摘要：One of the mathematical difficulties with regard to thermodynamics for undergraduate university students is the treatment of the total differential, which contains partial derivatives. The conventional treatment suppresses the derivation of the partial differential equations (e.g., energy equation and Mayer’s relation), reducing the student’s understanding of the physical aspects of thermodynamics. This paper proposes a systematic method for of deriving the partial differential equations in thermodynamics, based on both the total differential and the appropriate selection of independent variables of the thermodynamic state variables. To demonstrate our method, the energy equation and Mayer’s relation are derived via the systematic approach, and students’ misunderstandings concerning the derivation process are presented. The results of a questionnaire administered to evaluate student opinions indicate that our proposed method is effective.
关键词：thermodynamics; partial derivative; total differential; physics education
