摘要：The lyophilized crude scorpion venom from Heterometrus gravimanus was administered to anesthetized cats, and the changes in electrocardiogram, hypotensive effect, increase in the depth of respiration and blood flow were observed. From the pharmacological experiment on isolated guinea pig ileums, the presence of both acetylcholine-and histamine-like substances was suggested in the crude venom. Acetylcholine-like substance was compared with an authentic acetylcholine on the silicagel thin-layer chromatography, and the amount was estimated to be 8-15 μg equivalent to acetylcholine per mg venom by the Magnus method. Histamine-like substance was extracted and purified from the crude venom, and was run on both silicagel and polyamide thin-layer chromatographies concurrently with an authentic histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. By both bioassay with isolated guinea pig ileum and chemical determination with the fluorometric methods, the content of histamine-like substance was calculated to be about 30 μg equivalent to histamine per mg venom. 5-Hydroxytryptamine was not found. Hemolytic action was observed in the human erythrocytes with the venom and the maximal action was found at pH 5.5.
