摘要：Air monitoring for examining the mutagenicity and property of airborne particulates at roadside of the 2nd Shin-mei highway in Kobe was carried out. Airborne particulates were collected on glass fiber filters using high-volume air sampler from January to December in 1992. Organic components in airborne particulates were extracted by the ultrasonic extraction method using benzene-ethanol (3 : 1 v/v). The crude extract was extracted with blue-rayon to determine the contribution of the PAHs to the whole extracts. The mutagenic activity of airborne particulate extracts was measured according to the method of Ames et al. using Sallmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. Strains YG1021, YG1024, TA98NR and TA98/1, 8 DNP6 were also used to check the contribution of nitro-PAHs. The extracts of airborne particulates showed positive mutagenic response in both strains, TA98 and TA100, with or without S9mix. The mutagenic activities of blue-rayon extracts to TA98 without S9mix showed approximately 50% of the activities of crude extracts in each month. Mutagenic activities to YG1021 and YG1024 were 3-4 and 5-10 times higher than those to TA98, respectively. On the other hand, the mutagenic activities to TA98NR and TA98/1, 8 DNP6 were only 18% and 16% respectively of the activity to TA98. The mutagenic activity of airborne particulates significantly correlated with the concentration of airborne particulates and NO2. Ten selected PAHs and 1-nitropyrene, 2-nitroanthracene and 6-nitrochrysene were detected in HPLC. Total amount of those PAHs and nitro-PAHs accounted for only 10-20% of the observed mutagenic activity of blue-rayon extracts. These results suggested that most of the mutagenic activity in blue-rayon extracts were attributed to dinitrated PAHs which showed remarkably higher mutagenic activity than mononitrated PAHs.
