期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2017
卷号：114
期号：18
页码：E3592-E3601
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1701239114
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：The lipid–protein film covering the interface of the lung alveolar in mammals is vital for proper lung function and its deficiency is related to a range of diseases. Here we present a molecular-level characterization of a clinical-grade porcine lung surfactant extract using a multitechnique approach consisting of H 1 – C 13 solid-state nuclear magnetic spectroscopy, small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, and mass spectrometry. The detailed characterization presented for reconstituted membranes of a lung extract demonstrates that the molecular structure of lung surfactant strongly depends on the concentration of cholesterol. If cholesterol makes up about 11% of the total dry weight of lung surfactant, the surfactant extract adopts a single liquid-ordered lamellar phase, L α ( o ) , at physiological temperatures. This L α ( o ) phase gradually changes into a liquid-disordered lamellar phase, L α ( d ) , when the temperature is increased by a few degrees. In the absence of cholesterol the system segregates into one lamellar gel phase and one L α ( d ) phase. Remarkably, it was possible to measure a large set of order parameter magnitudes | S CH | from the liquid-disordered and -ordered lamellar phases and assign them to specific C–H bonds of the phospholipids in the biological extract with no use of isotopic labeling. These findings with molecular details on lung surfactant mixtures together with the presented NMR methodology may guide further development of pulmonary surfactant pharmaceuticals that better mimic the physiological self-assembly compositions for treatment of pathological states such as respiratory distress syndrome.
