期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2009
卷号：106
期号：12
页码：4671-4676
DOI：10.1073/pnas.0710416106
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：Nitrosothiols (RSNO), formed from thiols and metabolites of nitric oxide ([bullet]NO), have been implicated in a diverse set of physiological and pathophysiological processes, although the exact mechanisms by which they are formed biologically are unknown. Several candidate nitrosative pathways involve the reaction of [bullet]NO with O2, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and transition metals. We developed a strategy using extracellular ferrocyanide to determine that under our conditions intracellular protein RSNO formation occurs from reaction of [bullet]NO inside the cell, as opposed to cellular entry of nitrosative reactants from the extracellular compartment. Using this method we found that in RAW 264.7 cells RSNO formation occurs only at very low (<8 {micro}M) O2 concentrations and exhibits zero-order dependence on [bullet]NO concentration. Indeed, RSNO formation is not inhibited even at O2 levels <1 {micro}M. Additionally, chelation of intracellular chelatable iron pool (CIP) reduces RSNO formation by >50%. One possible metal-dependent, O2-independent nitrosative pathway is the reaction of thiols with dinitrosyliron complexes (DNIC), which are formed in cells from the reaction of [bullet]NO with the CIP. Under our conditions, DNIC formation, like RSNO formation, is inhibited by {approx}50% after chelation of labile iron. Both DNIC and RSNO are also increased during overproduction of ROS by the redox cycler 5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that cellular RSNO are formed from free [bullet]NO via transnitrosation from DNIC derived from the CIP. We have examined in detail the kinetics and mechanism of RSNO formation inside cells.
关键词：iron ; nitrosation ; reactive nitrogen species ; reactive oxygen species ; chelatable iron
