期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：1995
卷号：92
期号：5
页码：1371-1375
DOI：10.1073/pnas.92.5.1371
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：Motor and cognitive impairment is common in human immunodeficiency virus disease in humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) disease in rhesus monkeys. We have examined peptide neurotransmitter expression in the frontal cortex of SIV-infected rhesus monkeys to identify alterations in cortical neurons that might explain this impairment. A 2-fold higher number of preprosomatostatin (SRIF) mRNA-positive interneurons was observed in layer IV of frontal cortex in two separate cohorts of SIV-infected animals compared to uninfected controls. Increased SRIF mRNA expression in layer IV was independent of clinical signs of immunodeficiency disease and was associated with both motor and cognitive impairment. Altered SRIF mRNA expression in deeper cortical layers was associated specifically with motor impairment. Increased SRIF mRNA expression occurred without detectable changes in cortical cell density. These data suggest two mechanisms for cortical dysfunction associated with lentivirus infection. Increased SRIF mRNA expression in layer IV may be due to altered patterns of activity in cortical afferents that project to layer IV, while increased SRIF mRNA expression in deeper cortical layers could reflect susceptibility to locally generated mediators in response to primate lentivirus infection of the brain. Altered function of somatostatinergic interneurons may contribute to primate lentivirus-induced encephalopathy.
