标题：The specificity loop of T7 RNA polymerase interacts first with the promoter and then with the elongating transcript, suggesting a mechanism for promoter clearance
期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2000
卷号：97
期号：26
页码：14109-14114
DOI：10.1073/pnas.250473197
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：During the early stages of transcription, T7 RNA polymerase forms an unstable initiation complex that synthesizes and releases transcripts 2-8 nt in length before disengaging from the promoter and isomerizing to a stable elongation complex. In this study, we used RNA*protein and RNA*DNA crosslinking methods to probe the location of newly synthesized RNA in halted elongation complexes. The results indicate that the RNA in an elongation complex remains in an RNA*DNA hybrid for about 8 nt from the site of nucleotide addition and emerges to the surface of the enzyme about 12 nt from the addition site. Strikingly, as the transcript leaves its hybrid with the template, the crosslinks it forms with the RNA polymerase involve a portion of a hairpin loop (the specificity loop) that makes specific contacts with the binding region of the promoter during initiation. This observation suggests that the specificity loop may have a dual role in transcription, binding first to the promoter and subsequently interacting with the RNA product. It seems likely that association of the nascent RNA with the specificity loop facilitates disengagement from the promoter and is an important part of the process that leads to a stable elongation complex.
