期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2003
卷号：100
期号：4
页码：1505-1509
DOI：10.1073/pnas.252763799
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：We evaluate the impact of anthropogenic and natural NOx sources over the contiguous United States on tropospheric NOx and O3 levels by using a global 3D chemical transport model. The effects of major U.S. surface NOx emission sources (including anthropogenic, biomass burning, and soil emissions) are compared with that of lightning-produced NOx. Summer lightning is shown to play a dominant role in controlling NOx and O3 concentrations in the middle and upper troposphere, despite the fact that fossil-fuel burning represents the largest source of NOx over the U.S. Furthermore, the effect of regional U.S. lightning is propagated through large areas of the Northern Hemisphere by atmospheric circulation. The results reveal that a thorough assessment of atmospheric NOx emission sources and their impact is required to devise control strategies for regional and global air pollution.
