期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2002
卷号：99
期号：24
页码：15578-15583
DOI：10.1073/pnas.192561299
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：The mammary glands of prepubertal estrogen receptor (ER){beta}-/- mice are morphologically indistinguishable from those of WT littermates. It appears that, although ER{beta} is expressed in the mouse mammary gland, it is not involved in ductal growth of the gland. In this study, we examined the possibility that ER{beta} has a role in the differentiated function of the mammary gland. Pregnancy is rare in ER{beta}-/- mice, but an intensive breeding program produced seven pregnant ER{beta}-/- mice, of which five did not eat their offspring and continued to successful lactation. Histomorphological comparison of lactating glands revealed that alveoli were larger and there was less secretory epithelium in ER{beta}-/- than in WT mice. Ultrastructural analysis showed abundant milk droplets and normal apical villi in the luminal epithelial cells, but the extracellular matrix and lamina basalis were reduced, and very frequently the interepithelial cell space was increased. Levels of the adhesion molecules, E-cadherin, connexin 32, occludin, and integrin 2 were reduced, and no zona occludens was detectable. In addition, there was widespread expression of the proliferation marker, Ki-67, in luminal epithelial cells in ER{beta}-/- but not in WT mice. These findings suggest a role for ER{beta} in organization and adhesion of epithelial cells and hence for differentiated tissue morphology. We speculate that, because a reduced risk for breast cancer is conferred on women who breast-feed at an early age, ER{beta} could contribute to this risk reduction by facilitating terminal differentiation of the mammary gland.
