期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2003
卷号：100
期号：25
页码：14618-14622
DOI：10.1073/pnas.2433968100
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：Severe malaria by Plasmodium falciparum is a potentially fatal disease, frequently unresponsive to even the most aggressive treatments. Host organ failure is associated with acquired rigidity of infected red blood cells and capillary blockage. In vitro techniques have played an important role in modeling cell deformability. Although, historically they have either been applied to bulk cell populations or to measure single physical parameters of individual cells. In this article, we demonstrate the unique abilities and benefits of elastomeric microchannels to characterize complex behaviors of single cells, under flow, in multicellular capillary blockages. Channels of 8-, 6-, 4-, and 2-{micro}m widths were readily traversed by the 8 {micro}m-wide, highly elastic, uninfected red blood cells, as well as by infected cells in the early ring stages. Trophozoite stages failed to freely traverse 2- to 4-{micro}m channels; some that passed through the 4-{micro}m channels emerged from constricted space with deformations whose shape-recovery could be observed in real time. In 2-{micro}m channels, trophozoites mimicked "pitting," a normal process in the body where spleen beds remove parasites without destroying the red cell. Schizont forms failed to traverse even 6-{micro}m channels and rapidly formed a capillary blockage. Interestingly, individual uninfected red blood cells readily squeezed through the blockages formed by immobile schizonts in a 6-{micro}m capillary. The last observation can explain the high parasitemia in a growing capillary blockage and the well known benefits of early blood transfusion in severe malaria.
