期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2004
卷号：101
期号：12
页码：4130-4135
DOI：10.1073/pnas.0306948101
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：Estrogen receptors (ERs) are believed to be ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily, which on ligand binding translocate into the nucleus and activate gene transcription. To date, two ERs have been identified: ER and ER{beta}. ER plays major role in the estrogen-mediated genomic actions in both reproductive and nonreproductive tissue, whereas the function of ER{beta} is still unclear. In this study, we used immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting, and proteomics to demonstrate that ER{beta} localizes to the mitochondria. In immunocytochemistry studies, ER{beta} was detected with two ER{beta} antibodies and found to colocalize almost exclusively with a mitochondrial marker in rat primary neuron, primary cardiomyocyte, and a murine hippocampal cell line. The colocalization of ER{beta} and mitochondrial markers was identified by both fluorescence and confocal microscopy. No translocation of ER{beta} into the nucleus on 17{beta}-estradiol treatment was seen by using immunocytochemistry. Immunoblotting of purified human heart mitochondria showed an intense signal of ER{beta
