期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2004
卷号：101
期号：33
页码：12324-12329
DOI：10.1073/pnas.0404620101
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：In contrast to simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), which induce immunodeficiency over a 1- to 3-year period, highly pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs) cause a complete, irreversible, and systemic depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes in rhesus monkeys within weeks of infection. By using small-molecule competitors specific for CCR5 and CXCR4 in ex vivo assays, we found that highly pathogenic SHIVDH12R exclusively uses CXCR4 for infection of rhesus peripheral blood mononuclear cells, whereas SIVmac239 and SIVsmE543 use CCR5 for entry into the same cells. During the period of peak virus production in SHIVDH12R- or SHIV89.6P-infected rhesus monkeys, massive elimination of CXCR4+ naive CD4+ T cells occurred. In contrast, circulating CCR5+ memory CD4+ T cells were selectively depleted in rapidly progressing SIV-infected monkeys. At the time of their death, two SIV rapid progressors had experienced a nearly complete loss of the memory CD4+ T cell subset from the blood and mesenteric lymph nodes. Thus, pathogenic SHIVs and SIVs target different subsets of CD4+ T cells in vivo, with the pattern of CD4+ T lymphocyte depletion being inextricably linked to chemokine receptor use. In the context of developing an effective prophylactic vaccine, which must potently control virus replication during the primary infection, regimens that suppress SHIVs might not protect monkeys against SIV or humans against HIV-1.
