期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2009
卷号：106
期号：49
页码：20812-20817
DOI：10.1073/pnas.0906464106
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：By exploiting the cell-cycle-dependent proteolysis of two ubiquitination oscillators, human Cdt1 and geminin, which are the direct substrates of SCFSkp2 and APCCdh1 complexes, respectively, Fucci technique labels mammalian cell nuclei in G1 and S/G2/M phases with different colors. Transgenic mice expressing these G1 and S/G2/M markers offer a powerful means to investigate the coordination of the cell cycle with morphogenetic processes. We attempted to introduce these markers into zebrafish embryos to take advantage of their favorable optical properties. However, although the fundamental mechanisms for cell-cycle control appear to be well conserved among species, the G1 marker based on the SCFSkp2-mediated degradation of human Cdt1 did not work in fish cells, probably because the marker was not ubiquitinated properly by a fish E3 ligase complex. We describe here the generation of a Fucci derivative using zebrafish homologs of Cdt1 and geminin, which provides sweeping views of cell proliferation in whole fish embryos. Remarkably, we discovered two anterior-to-posterior waves of cell-cycle transitions, G1/S and M/G1, in the differentiating notochord. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of using the Cul4Ddb1-mediated Cdt1 degradation pathway common to all metazoans for the development of a G1 marker that works in the nonmammalian animal model.
关键词：cell cycle ; fluorescent protein ; imaging ; ubiquitination
