期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：1980
卷号：77
期号：1
页码：44-48
DOI：10.1073/pnas.77.1.44
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：We calculate the expected fluxes of cosmic ray nuclei with charge 5 [≤] Z [≤] 28 at various depths in the earth's atmosphere, taking into account the initial charge distribution, ionization loss, and various modes of fragmentation. The flux of surviving heavy nuclei is too low by a factor {approx}10-10 to account for the ultra-high-energy Centauro events. We describe an experiment to search for highly ionizing particles that may or may not be nuclei.
