出版社：Sociedad Española de Dietética y Ciencias de la Alimentación (SEDCA)
摘要：Todos los datos disponibles revelan en los últimos años un deterioro paulatino de la calidad de la dieta ingerida en toda Europa así como una insuficiente práctica de la actividad física con el consiguiente incremento del sobrepeso y la obesidad en la población de la Unión Europea. Científicamente, se ha podido demostrar la relación existente entre la dieta, la actividad física y la salud, en particular en lo que respecta a su papel en la aparición de ciertas patologías crónicas. En un futuro cercano, cabe esperar su aumento y la reducción de la esperanza y calidad de vida. Los determinantes fundamentales de los factores de riesgo son los cambios producidos en la dieta, conducentes a una mayor densidad energética, el incremento de la ingestión de grasa saturada y de grasa hidrogenada, la reducción del consumo de carbohidratos complejos y de fibra así como una reducción de la ingestión de frutas y verduras. La prevención podría ser muy eficaz si toda la población adaptara sus estilos de vida (dieta, tabaquismo, actividad física) a las recomendaciones. En España destaca la evolución de las personas con sobrepeso y obesidad: el 45,4% en 1995 y el 53,3% en 2006, de modo que en una década la prevalencia de personas con índice de masa corporal superior al aconsejado aumentó cerca del 8%. El seguimiento de dietas variadas y equilibradas así como el fomento de la actividad física son herramientas imprescindibles para la mejora de la calidad y la esperanza de vida de la población. Los contenidos de las directrices alimentarias deben ser trasladados a la población mediante diferentes modelos o patrones basados en alimentos, siendo también necesario potenciar y perfeccionar los programas de información y educación nutricional de la población. Con este fin, se han elaborado unas Recomendaciones para una alimentación equilibrada por parte de la Sociedad española de dietética y ciencias de la alimentación.
其他摘要：All data available in the last years reveal a gradual deterioration of the quality diet ingested in all Europe as well as an insufficient practice of physical activity with the consequent increase of overweight and obesity in the population. Scientifically, it has been possible to demonstrate the relationship between diet, physical activity and health, in regard to its role in the appearance of certain chronic pathologies. In the near future, it is possible to wait for its increase and the reduction of quality of life. The fundamental determinants of risk factors are the changes produced in the diet, leading to a greater energy density, the increase of hydrogenated fat and saturated fat ingestion, the reduction of fiber and some carbohydrates as well as a reduction of the ingestion of fruits and vegetables. The prevention could be very effective if all the population adapts its lifestyles (diet, tobacco, physical activity) to the recommendations. In Spain, stresses the evolution of the people who are overweight and obesity: 45.4 per cent in 1995 and 53.3 per cent in 2006, so that in a decade the prevalence of persons with body mass index higher than the advised rose almost 8 per cent. The follow-up of balanced as well as the promotion of physical activity are essential tools for improving expectancy life of the population. The contents of the dietary guidelines should be transferred to the population through different models or patterns based on food, being also necessary to harness and to perfect the programs of information and nutricional education of the population. With this aim, Dietetic Recommendations for a balanced diet have been elaborated from the Spanish Dietetic Society.
关键词：Dieta; sobrepeso; obesidad; recomendaciones
其他关键词：All data available in the last years reveal a gradual deterioration of the quality diet ingested in all Europe as well as an insufficient practice of physical activity with the consequent increase of overweight and obesity in the population; Scientifically; it has been possible to demonstrate the relationship between diet; physical activity and health; in regard to its role in the appearance of certain chronic pathologies; In the near future; it is possible to wait for its increase and the reduction of quality of life; The fundamental determinants of risk factors are the changes produced in the diet; leading to a greater energy density; the increase of hydrogenated fat and saturated fat ingestion; the reduction of fiber and some carbohydrates as well as a reduction of the ingestion of fruits and vegetables; The prevention could be very effective if all the population adapts its lifestyles (diet; tobacco; physical activity) to the recommendations; In Spain; stresses the evolution of the people who are overweight and obesity: 45;4 per cent in 1995 and 53;3 per cent in 2006; so that in a decade the prevalence of persons with body mass index higher than the advised rose almost 8 per cent; The follow-up of balanced as well as the promotion of physical activity are essential tools for improving expectancy life of the population; The contents of the dietary guidelines should be transferred to the population through different models or patterns based on food; being also necessary to harness and to perfect the programs of information and nutricional education of the population; With this aim; Dietetic Recommendations for a balanced diet have been elaborated from the Spanish Dietetic Society
