期刊名称：Tema. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
印刷版ISSN：1970-9870
出版年度：2012
卷号：5
期号：2
页码：89-100
DOI：10.6092/1970-9870/888
语种：Italian
出版社：Tema. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
摘要：Il concetto di resilienza risulta fondamentale per la tematica dei rischi naturali. Compito di un urbanista è quello di analizzare il territorio, costituito da diversi sistemi funzionali (es sanitario). In una città esistono elementi strategici che non devono perdere funzionalità durante o a seguito di un evento naturale; attraverso la definizione di scenari si potrebbero mettere in sicurezza quegli esposti capaci di non far collassare il sistema territorio.Nel paper si riporta una esperienza rivolta al sistema ospedale che, nel caso di un evento naturale, molto spesso risulta sia bisognoso sia erogatore di soccorso e la sua funzionalità deve essere garantita nel continuum. A riguardo si segnalano iniziative della Protezione Civile Italiana; in particolare la redazione di Piani di emergenza ospedaliera, che coprono problematiche quali incendio, inondazioni,...La metodologia riportata ha consentito la definizione di simulazioni di rischio per il sistema ospedale a servizio di relativi piani di emergenza. Approfondimento specifico è stato rivolto all’esposizione, determinata al variare delle ore di una giornata. Negli scenari è stato introdotto il parametro tempo.Necessario sarebbe che i nuovi “Piani di pianificazione ed emergenza ospedaliera” facessero parte integrante di Piani di protezione civile comunali, a loro volta allegati a Piani urbanistici comunali al fine di diventare strumenti operativi di quelle strategie e politiche necessarie ad accrescere la resilienza urbana.
其他摘要：The concept of resilience is critical when addressing the issue of natural hazards. The role of an urban planner is to analyze the territorial system, consisting of several functional sub-systems (housing, education, health, etc..) and its vulnerability. In order to have a specific knowledge of the territory in question, before the occurrence of a disaster it would be necessary, for each functional system, analyze various aspects and define risk simulations. In a city, in fact, there are strategic elements that should not lose functionality during or following a natural event; the definition of specific scenarios could put structures exposed to risk on safety in order not to compromise the system. In this paper I report a specific experience of research carried out within the hospital system that, in case of occurrence of a natural event, is often simultaneously exposed, and therefore need of rescue, and it is a dispenser of rescue. It’s considered strategic because it has to ensure the functionality of its service regardless of the occurrence of external events, such as natural ones; its functionality must be ensured in the continuum. In today is not very thorough the scientific literature about the analysis of the hospital system in respect of such events. Given the importance of the theme there are several initiatives, also promoted by The Italian Civil Protection, in particular the drafting of hospital emergency plans, which cover issues such as fire, road accidents, floods, ... Interesting was the collaboration between the Italian Civil Protection Department with Applied Technology Council for the planning of a background paper intended for the preparation of earthquake emergency plans, within which there are also aspects of prevention such as the evaluation of seismic vulnerability of hospitals themselves. The described methodology has allowed the definition of risk simulations for the hospital system, starting from the determination of qualitative and quantitative indices of hazard, vulnerability and exposure in support of plan emergency hospital. Specific focus was directed to the exposure, determined dynamically, going to know how the situation changes in the hospital complex, depending on the passing of hours a day. In these scenarios we introduced the parameter “time”, concept of the time policies (actions for the quality of the urban conditions of life of its citizens, acting on the aspects of urban functions and times of their coordination). Case study is the town of Cuneo and the considered event is the earthquake. The new “Planning and emergency hospital Plans” could well be a step forward for the safety of the territory. These could be an integral part of the town civil protection plans (not only dedicated to the emergency but also to forecast), in turn attached to urban plans in order to become operational tools of strategies and policies needed to increase urban resilience.
关键词：ICAR20;sistema ospedaliero;piani emergenza ospedalieri;sicurezza da eventi naturali
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