摘要：No início do período letivo, em qualquer instituição de ensino, há sempre a preocupação com a distribuição de dias e horários de aulas para cada um de seus professores. Apesar de todo o avanço computacional, a maioria das escolas ainda realiza a construção da grade horária escolar de forma manual, tornando esta tarefa bastante demorada e ineficiente. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar três técnicas (modelo matemático, abordagem heurística e método misto) que encontrem uma solução que satisfaça as exigências pedagógicas e operacionais das instituições, assim como as preferências de cada professor com relação aos dias e horários de aulas. Com o objetivo de comparar o desempenho das técnicas, foi desenvolvido um protótipo para a construção da grade horária escolar de uma escola municipal da cidade de Araucária, PR. Todos os três métodos utilizados neste trabalho apresentaram resultados melhores do que o gerado manualmente para o estudo de caso abordado.↓At the beginning of a school year, in any educational institution, there is always a concerning about the distribution of the classes’ days and schedules for each one of their teachers. Besides all computational advances, the majority of schools still make the construction of the scholar scheduling table in a manual way, making this task too slow and inefficient. The goal of this paper is to present three techniques (exact, heuristic and mixed) which can find a solution that meets the pedagogical and operational constraints of the institutions, as well as the preferences of each teacher in relation to the classes’ days and schedules. In order to compare the techniques performances, it was developed a prototype for a scholar schedule of a municipal school located in Araucária, PR city. All the three methods utilized in this paper presented better results to the study case analyzed.
其他摘要：At the beginning of a school year, in any educational institution, there is always a concerning about the distribution of the classes’ days and schedules for each one of their teachers. Besides all computational advances, the majority of schools still make the construction of the scholar scheduling table in a manual way, making this task too slow and inefficient. The goal of this paper is to present three techniques (exact, heuristic and mixed) which can find a solution that meets the pedagogical and operational constraints of the institutions, as well as the preferences of each teacher in relation to the classes’ days and schedules. In order to compare the techniques performances, it was developed a prototype for a scholar schedule of a municipal school located in Araucária, PR city. All the three methods utilized in this paper presented better results to the study case analyzed.
关键词：Engenharia; Programação Linear;Otimização na construção da grade escolar; Modelo matemático de programação linear inteira binária; Algoritmos genéticos;optimization in the construction of the scholar table; linear integer binary mathematical model; genetic algorithms
其他关键词：optimization in the construction of the scholar table; linear integer binary mathematical model; genetic algorithms
