The purpose of this article is to consider to which sect the Pinimu jing might have belonged. This will firstly involve a comparison of the record of the Buddhist Councils as found in the Pinimu jing with that of the Sifen lü (四分律). Then, the Sapoduo-bu pini modeleqie (薩婆多部毘尼摩得勒伽), which displays features similar to the Pinimu jing , will be compared with the Shisong lü (十誦律). The original Sanskrit title of the Pinimu jing is taken to be ‘ Vinaya Matrka .’ However, what its role might have been or why it may have been composed remain unclear. The sect with which it was affiliated is also unknown. The structure of Sutravibhanga is almost the same in each Vinaya, but the Skandhaka is not. There are, moreover, significant differences in the record of the Buddhist Councils between each of the Vinayas. These differences are: (i) the structure of the records; (ii) how the Mahaparinirvanasutra is quoted; (iii) the contents of the Tripitaka ; and (iv) the interpretation of dasavastu (十事) in the record of the Second Council and the reason for its rejection. These respective differences have tended to be seen as reflecting individual differences between sects. However, to approach this from a slightly different angle, all four of these aspects outlined above may be utilised to help establish the affiliation of the Pinimu jing as well as other texts whose affiliation remains unknown.