Collaboration between medical care and long-term care professionals is very important in cases of stroke rehabilitation in Japan. This study aimed to explore whether collaboration between occupational therapists and care managers using the Management Tool for Daily Life Performance (MTDLP) supports the daily life performance at 1 month after discharge in stroke patients. Participants were 15 patients [77.3 ± 7.9 years (mean ± SD)] in the acute care ward and 22 patients (71.7 ± 9.6 years) in the convalescent rehabilitation ward. Patients were assessed using the Barthel Index, Lawton and Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, and a measure of self-rated health at discharge and 1-month follow-up to investigate the effects of collaboration between occupational therapists and care managers using MTDLP. Collaboration tasks performed by occupational therapists using MTDLP prior to discharge included creating and delivering the daily life performance transfer sheet, conducting patient home visits with care manager, and attending the care service conference. In acute care ward patients, the Barthel Index was significantly increased at 1 month after discharge compared with that at discharge ( p = 0.044). Furthermore, self-rated health was significantly improved in both the acute care and convalescent rehabilitation ward patients at 1 month after discharge compared with that at discharge ( p = 0.035 and p = 0.019, respectively). These results suggest that the collaboration between occupational therapists and care managers using MTDLP contributed to a positive effect in promoting independent daily living after discharge in stroke patients.