摘要：There is a substantial amount of evidence from experimental studies to indicate that a variety of individual skills are impaired at blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) well below 0.05%. Epidemiological studies indicate that the risk of a crash increases sharply for drivers with {BACs} below 0.05%. The correlation between drunk driving and the risk of traffic accidents has been established on the individual as well as the aggregate level. The {BAC} level legally permitted is a public policy decision by legislators, while scientists can present experimental and epidemiological evidence indicating the {BAC} level at which psychomotor skills deteriorate and accident probabilities increase. There is considerable epidemiological evidence to support the fact that the risk of alcohol impaired drivers being involved in traffic crashes rises with increasing BAC's. By contrast, the evidence on the {BAC} at which a driver should be regarded as committing an offence has been the subject of much debate and various legislative decisions. Historically, per se laws specify {BAC} levels which are a compromise figure intended to reflect both the point at which a driver becomes significantly more likely to be involved in an accident than a comparative driver with a zero {BAC} and that which is politically acceptable, but falls within the {BAC} region of increased accident liability. Therefore, the per se legislation in most countries has not kept pace with scientific progress. This study suggests that if saving lives on the road is an important issue, then, passing laws that incorporate scientific and epidemiological studies, is necessary.
