标题：A comparison of pre-service, in-service and formation program for teachers perceptions of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) in English language teaching (ELT)
摘要：In view of the rapid advancement of technology, technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) has been extensively studied. However, research on technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) in teaching English appear to be scarce and addressed either pre-service or in-service teachers, but not their comparison. Additionally, although teacher-certificate programs are employed in many countries, none of the existing studies have examined teacher-candidates’ TPACK, especially in English language teaching (ELT). To fill the gap, this study aims to compare TPACK among teacher-candidates, pre-service and in-service English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers in Turkey. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis indicated significant differences among them. Based on these findings, suggestions for teacher education and future research were made.
关键词：Pre-service teachers; in-service teachers; teacher certificate program; English language teaching (ELT); technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK); self-perception
