摘要：دسترسی به غذای کافی و مطلوب و سلامت تغذیه‌ای از محورهای اصلی توسعه و زیربنای پرورش نسل آیندة کشور قلمداد میشود. در دهههای اخیر با برجسته‌شدن مفهوم توسعة انسانی موضوع تغذیه ابعاد تازهای به خود گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف کلی تحلیل وضعیت امنیت غذایی و عوامل مؤثر بر آن در جامعة روستایی شهرستان دیواندره انجام شد. جامعة آماری پژوهش شامل کلیة زنان متأهل روستایی شهرستان دیواندره بود (N=15421). با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، تعداد 213 نفر به‌روش طبقهبندی تصادفی برای مطالعه انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی پژوهش پرسشنامهای بود که روایی آن را جمعی از متخصصان امنیت غذایی و اعضای هیئت علمی گروه مدیریت و توسعة کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران، و پایایی آن را ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی تأیید کرد. نتایج پژوهش نشان‌دهندة وضعیت نامناسب امنیت غذایی و گروههای غذایی در خانوارهای روستایی مطالعه‌شده بود. نتایج تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد که بین درآمد خانوار، تعداد شاغلان خانوار، فاصلة محل سکونت تا شهر، بعد خانوار، مقدار زمین زراعی و باغی درتملک خانواده و تحصیلات مادر خانواده (مسئول تغذیه) با امنیت غذایی خانوار رابطة معناداری وجود دارد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که سه متغیر درآمد خانوار، تحصیلات مادر و نظام تولیدی مختلط می‌توانند تا 1/62 درصد از واریانس متغیر وابستة تحقیق (امنیت غذایی) خانوار را تبیین کنند.
其他摘要：Introduction Food insecurity has been and still is an important concern for many nations aroundthe world. In fact, ameliorating food insecurity and hunger is one of the eightMillennium Development Goals, which has been adopted by 189 States inSeptember 2000 Millions of dollars have been dispersed by governments, donors,international aid agencies, and multi-lateral development bodies in the developingcountries including Ethiopia to address the problem of food insecurity and hunger.Despite the many programs and projects on food security, there are still millions offood insecure people around the world with many of them living in developingcountries particularly in Africa. Cycles of food insecurity were common in Indiaprior to the green revolution era in the 1970s. The revolution laid the foundation forfood security in India through dramatic increases in food production. Reducing foodinsecurity continues to be a major public policy challenge in developing countries.MethodologyAccess to adequate food and nutrition and optimal health has been the main axes ofdevelopment also is considered as grounds of the country's future generation.Because in the recent decades the issue of nutritional has been dimension, with theincreasing population and the need for further expansion of communities due tohuman food supply has different approaches for the experts and scientists solve thisproblem. Without doubt, among the priorities of each country's development goals, achieving food security is great importance. Therefore, investigation of factors thatimpact on food security is of particular importance. Analysis Situation food securityand factors affecting Thereon in the rural Society city Divandarreh. The statisticalpopulation of this research was consisted of all Married women in case study(N=15421). Using Cochran's sampling formula, 213 women were selected as asample (n=213). The main instrument in this study was questionnaire which itsvalidity was confirmed by the panel of food security experts and faculty members ofdepartment management and agricultural development in university of Tehran andits reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient and compositereliability. Data were analyzed by SPSSWin18 and LISREL8.54 software in twoparts of descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate improper foodsecurity and nutritional status among rural households. Correlation analysis resultsshown that Food security significantly correlated with the Household income,member of family, number of employed household, Location Distance to city,amount of agricultural and horticultural land and Education of mother, Results of theregression analysis showed that three variables consisting Household income,Education of mother and Combined production system were explaining 62.1 percent of dependent variable (Food Security) variances changes.ResultsAlmost 1 billion people worldwide are undernourished, many more suffer frommicronutrient deficiencies, and the absolute numbers tend to increase further,especially in Sub-Saharan Africa Recent food price hikes have contributed to greaterpublic awareness of hunger related problems, also resulting in new internationalcommitments invest in developing country agriculture Obviously, agriculturaldevelopment is crucial for reducing hunger and poverty in rural areas, but nonagriculturalgrowth can be important as well Specifically for African countries, withstrong population growth and increasingly limited agricultural resources, thepotential role of the rural off-farm sector deserves particular consideration.Smallholder farm households usually maintain a portfolio of income sources, withoff-farm income being a major component but often a clear policy strategy topromote the off-farm sector is lacking. In the available literature, considerableattention has been given to the poverty implications of off-farm income indeveloping countries Nutrition impacts might be positive, because off-farm incomecontributes to higher household income and therefore better access to food. But theimpacts might also be negative, at least when controlling for total household income,as working off the farm could potentially reduce household food availability due to the competition for family labor between farm and off-farm work. The success of the green revolution technologies during the 1970s and 1980s is attributed to atechnology model together with adoption of concurrent micro and macro-economicsmodels. The micro or farm economics governed the use of inputs such as land,cultivars, labor, machinery, and chemicals, balanced against profits from cropyields. The macro-economics ensured better prices to farmers and access to inputsand markets. In addition to rising demand for food resulting from increasingpopulation and economic growth, increased risks of food insecurity are foreseenfrom: an estimated rising global energy demand of 50% to 2030.
