期刊名称：Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
印刷版ISSN：1232-1966
电子版ISSN：1898-2263
出版年度：2017
卷号：24
期号：4
页码：549-553
DOI：10.26444/aaem/75943
出版社：Institute of Agricultural Medicine in Lublin
摘要：Introduction. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and is the second cancer frequently occurringworldwide of newly-diagnosed cancers. There is much evidence showing the influence of life style and environmentalfactors on the development of mammary gland cancer (high-fat diet, alcohol consumption, lack of physical exercise), theelimination of which (primary prevention) may contribute to a decrease in morbidity and mortality. Secondary prevention,comprising diagnostic tests (e.g. mammography, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, breast self-examination, aswell as modern and more precise imaging methods) help the early detection of tumours or lesions predisposing to tumours.Objective. The aim of this study paper is to review current knowledge and reports regarding primary and secondaryprevention of breast cancer.State of knowledge. It is estimated that nearly 70% of malign tumours are caused by environmental factors, whereasin breast cancer this percentage reaches 90–95%. There are national programmes established in many countries to fightcancer, where both types of prevention are stressed as serving to decrease morbidity and mortality due to cancers.Conclusions. Cancer prevention is currently playing a key role in the fight against the disease. Behaviour modification,as well as greater awareness among women regarding breast cancer, may significantly contribute towards reducing theincidence of this cancer. Another important aspect is the number of women undergoing diagnostic tests, which still remainsat an unsatisfactory level.
关键词：breast cancer; primary and secondary prevention; risk factors; life style; mammography; modern diagnostics methods
