期刊名称：Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
印刷版ISSN：1232-1966
电子版ISSN：1898-2263
出版年度：2017
卷号：24
期号：4
页码：716-721
DOI：10.26444/aaem/81002
出版社：Institute of Agricultural Medicine in Lublin
摘要：Introduction and objective. Farmers are at high risk of occupational skin diseases which may start already during vocationaltraining. This study was aimed at identification of risk factors for work-related skin diseases among vocational students ofagriculture.Materials and method. The study involved 440 students (245 males, 195 females aged 17–21 years) in 11 vocational schoolswhich were at least 100 km from each other. The protocol included a physician-managed questionnaire and medicalexamination, skin prick tests, patch tests, total IgE and Phadiatop. Logistic regression model was used for the identificationof relevant risk factors.Results. Work-related dermatoses were diagnosed in 29 study participants (6.6%, 95%CI: 4.3–8.9%): eczema in 22, urticariain 14, and co-existence of both in 7 students. Significant risk factors for work-related eczema were: history of respiratoryallergy (OR=10.10; p<0.001), history of eczema (itchy rash) provoked by wet work and detergents before entering the school(OR=5.85; p<0.001), as well as history of contact dermatitis to metals, rubber or cosmetics prior to inscription (OR=2.84;p=0.016), and family history of any skin disease (OR=2.99; p=0.013). Significant risk factors for work-related urticaria were:history of allergic rhinitis and asthma prior to inscription (OR=7.29; p=0.006), positive skin prick tests to work place allergens(OR=4.65; p=0.002) and to environmental allergens (OR=3.79; p=0.009), and positive Phadiatop test (OR=3.61; p=0.013).Conclusions. Work-related skin diseases are common among vocational students of agriculture. Atopy, past history ofasthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema (either atopic, allergic or irritant) are relevant risk factors for work-related eczema andurticaria in young farmers, along with family history of any skin disease. Positive skin prick tests seem relevant, especially inthe case of urticaria. Asking simple, aimed questions during health checks while enrolling students into agricultural schoolswould suffice to identify students at risk for work-related eczema and urticaria, giving them the chance for selecting a saferprofession, and hopefully avoiding an occupational disease in the future.
