期刊名称：International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology
印刷版ISSN：2347-6710
电子版ISSN：2319-8753
出版年度：2018
卷号：7
期号：3
页码：3008
DOI：10.15680/IJIRSET.2018.0703008
出版社：S&S Publications
摘要：The objective of this paper is to determine the location of fault in underground cable lines[1] from thesource station to exact location of fault in any units, here in kilometres. Whenever a fault occurs in the undergroundcable line for some reason, the repairing process relating to that faulted cable becomes difficult owing to lack of propersystem for tracking the exact fault location and the type of fault occurred in the cable. For this, a system has to bedeveloped to find the exact location of the fault in the distribution line system for all the three phases R, Y & B fordifferent type of situations of faults. Here in this paper single line to ground, double line to ground & three phase faultshave been considered.Therefore, the basic concept of Ohm’s law[2]is found suitable in principle to develop a faultlocation tracking system. Based on the Ohm’s Law, it is found that the resistance of the cable is proportional to itslength under constant conditions of temperature and the cross section area and therefore if a low DC voltage is appliedat the feeder end through a series of resistor in cable lines, the current would vary depending upon the location of faultin the cable. Here a system is developed which consists of a microcontroller, LCD display, Fault Sensing CircuitModule, IoT Wi-Fi Module and proper power supply arrangement with regulated power output.Hence, if there is ashort circuit in the form of line to ground[3] in any phase/phases, the voltage across series resistors changes accordinglyand an analog signal in the form of voltage drop is generated by the fault sensing circuit of the introduced system,which is then fed to an ADC inbuilt in already programmed microcontroller to create the exact digital dataand afterprocessing the data the output will be displayed in the connected LCD with the exact location of fault occurred inkilometres from the source station and simultaneously also indicate the corresponding R, Y, B phase where faultoccurred with the exact distance. The same processed information output will appear in the webpage through connectedIoT Wi-Fi Module.In this system, ATmega 328P micro controller [4] is used. Here the current sensing of circuits madewith a combination of resistors is interfaced to ATmega328 micro controller with the help of internally inbuilt ADC forproviding the digital data to microcontroller. The fault sensing circuit is made with the combination of set of seriesresistors &the set of switches alongside each resistor. The relays are controlled by the relay driver. A 16x2 LCDdisplay is connected to the microcontroller to display the information of phase/phases and location of fault inkilometres.
