摘要：This Article reports on an empirical study undertaken with funds fromthe National Science Foundation, which involved interviews of sixty womenof color in science, technology, math, and engineering (hereafter, the “NSFstudy”).2 My research started with an extensive literature review of experimentalsocial psychology studies of gender bias, which I have organized intothe Four Patterns of Gender Bias and will explicate further later in the Article.3 Then, I ran two studies. In the first, I interviewed sixty-seven womenwhom I met through my networks and who had impressed me with theirprofessional savvy (hereafter, the “Wise Women study”). Of these, fifty-sixwere white women and eleven were women of color. I then obtained a grantfrom NSF to do a similar study of women of color. The NSF study interviews,conducted by Erika R. Hall, then a graduate student at NorthwesternUniversity’s Kellogg School of Management, included twenty interviews ofAfricans or black Americans, twenty of Asians or Asian Americans, andtwenty of Latinas or women born in Spanish-speaking countries. The methodologyused for both studies was designed to build a bridge between experimentalsocial psychology and women’s everyday workplace experience.While this Article focuses on the NSF study, the Wise Women study is thefocus of a forthcoming book, What Works for Women at Work: Four PatternsWorking Women Need to Know, co-written by Rachel Dempsey and myself.
