期刊名称：Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies
出版年度：2017
卷号：19
页码：68
出版社：Loyola University Chicago
摘要：This paper examines the gender wage gaps along the wage distribution in Egypt usingindividual data from the labor market panel surveys 1998, 2006 and 2012 and a quantileregression approach. Results show that in average female’s hourly wage is significantly lessthan that of males. While the wage gap in average is in favor of men it is decreasing with timeand with education. Across quantiles the effect of being a female on hourly wages is negative,however this gap is higher at the lower and highest quantiles as compared to the middle ones.Indicating the presence of glass ceiling as well as sticky floors. Results also showed thathousehold characteristics and location matter for the gap at higher quintile i.e. for the glassceiling phenomena while the gap at the lower quantiles i.e. the sticky floor could be attributedto other unobservable related to location and social context. In societies like Egypt socialcontext may enable males to compete better in the labor market. Hence resulting in womenbeing paid less. Thus, key policy options must include not simply the usual policies to improvewomen’s productivity but policies that promote gender equity in hiring, and in the workplace.Moreover, policy options need to be extended out of the labor market and into the householdto help women overcome unobservable that trap them in low-paying jobs.
