摘要：This issue of “Psychology in Russia: State of the Art” is focused on the topic ofpsychology and education. It also introduces a new section on psychology andbioethics, and we hope to start a meaningful discussion in this proliferating fieldof research.The special section “Psychology and education” is not limited to research withschoolchildren: their teachers’ professional and personal development is studiedas well. Leonid S. Ilushin and Anastasia A. Azbel performed pilot research usingsemi-structured interview for studying awareness in Russian teachers. MergalyasM. Kashapov, Irina V. Serafimovich and Yulia V. Poshekhonova elaborated the conceptof “supra-situational pedagogical thinking” and investigated its determinants,the components of metacognition and metacognitive properties of forecasting inteachers. Further development of metacognition concept is given in the paper byAlexander A. Karpov and colleagues who investigated the interconnection of learningability and the organization of metacognitive processes and traits of personalityon a large sample of university students. Finally, Mansoor A. Channa and colleaguesoutlined teachers’ perceptions toward strategies in reading, also referring tothe notion of metacognition and to some ideas of L.S. Vygotsky that are interestingto find in a Pakistani context.Papers on schoolchildren’s learning process are focused on certain activities.Elvira A. Baranova and Evgeni L. Nikolaev deepen the understanding of questionaskingbehavior as a form of cognitive activity in primary school children. TatianaN. Tikhomirova and colleagues provide a definition of mathematical fluencyand illustrate its relevance by presenting their own empirical research as well as anoverview of studies examining mathematical fluency development in high schoolstudents.The article by Nina V. Bordovskaia and Elena A. Koshkina gives a historicaloutlook of the influence of psychology on Russian didactic terminology in early18th century — first half of 20th century.In the “Social psychology” section two articles deal with scientific reflectionson “generation gap” at macro social levels of the Russian society. Vera A. Fedotovaoutlined age-related differences in values and economic attitudes among Russians.
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